List of wars involving Kazakhstan

This is a list of wars involving Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakh and the predecessor states of Kazakhstan to the present day. It also includes wars fought outside Kazakhstan by the Kazakh military.

Legends of results:

Victory

Defeat

Stalemate

Internal civil war

Ongoing war

Kazakh Khanate (1465—1847)

Kazakh Khanate was established by Janibek Khan and Kerei Khan in 1465. Both khans came from Turco-Mongol clan of Tore which traces its lineage to Genghis Khan through dynasty of Jochids. The Tore clan continued to rule the khanate until its fall to the Russian Empire.

From 16th to 17th century, the Kazakh Khanate ruled and expanded its territories to eastern Cumania (modern-day West Kazakhstan), to most of Uzbekistan, Karakalpakstan and the Syr Darya river with military confrontation as far as Astrakhan and Khorasan Province, which are now in Russia and Iran, respectively. The Khanate was later weakened by a series of Oirat and Dzungar invasions. These resulted in a decline and further disintegration into three Juzes, which gradually lost their sovereignty and were incorporated to the expanding Russian Empire in the 19th century.

Kazakh Khanate (1465-1847)

Date	Conflict	Combatant I	Combatant II	Result for Kazakhstan	Khan/Leader
1468-1500	Kazakh War of Independence	Kazakh Khanate Timurid Empire Khanate of Sibir	Uzbek Khanate Nogai Horde Western Moghulistan	Victory Kazakhs maintain independence from the Uzbek Khanate	Kerei Khan Janibek Khan Burunduk Khan
1509-1510	Third invasion of the Kazakh Khanate (1509—1510)	Kazakh Khanate	Khanate of Bukhara	Victory	Kasym Khan
1522-1538	First Kazakh Khanate Civil War	Kazakhs	Kazakhs	Victory for Haqnazar Khan	Haqnazar Khan
1598	Kazakh invasion of Northern Bukhara^[1]	Kazakh Khanate	Khanate of Bukhara	Victory Kazakhs conquered Tashkent, Samarkand^[2] and Turkestan^[3] but failed to conquer Bukhara	Tauekel khan^{[citation needed]}
1643-1756	Kazakh-Dzungar Wars Battle of Orbulaq Battle of Añyraqai	Kazakh Khanate	Dzungar Khanate Kalmyk Khanate	Victory Dzungar genocide Destruction of the Dzungar Khanate	Salqam Jangir Khan Bahadur Khan Tauke Khan Qaiyp Khan Bolat Khan Abulmambet Khan Ablai Khan

Alash-Orda (1917—1920)

Kazakhs, tired of almost a century of Russian colonization, started to rise up. In the 1870s-80s, schools in Kazakhstan massively started to open, which developed elite, future Kazakh members of the Alash party. In 1916, after conscription of Muslims into the military for service in the Eastern Froby during World War I, Kazakhs and Kyrgyzs rose up against the Russian government, with uprisings until February 1917.

The state was proclaimed during the Second All-Kazakh Congress held at Orenburg from 5–13 December 1917 OS (18-26 NS), with a provisional government being established under the oversight of Alikhan Bukeikhanov. However, the nation's purported territory was still under the de facto control of the region's Russian-appointed governor, Vassily Balabanov, until 1919. In 1920, he fled the Russian Red Army for self-imposed exile in China, where he was recognised by the Chinese as Kazakhstan's legitimate ruler.

Following its proclamation in December 1917, Alash leaders established the Alash Orda, a Kazakh government which was aligned with the White Army and fought against the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War. In 1919, when the White forces were losing, the Alash Autonomous government began negotiations with the Bolsheviks. By 1920, the Bolsheviks had defeated the White Russian forces in the region and occupied Kazakhstan. On 17 August 1920, the Soviet government established the Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, which in 1925 changed its name to Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, and finally to Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic in 1936.

Date	Battle	Combatant I	Combatant II	Result for Kazakhstan	Leader
1918 — 1919	Semirechye Front^[4]	Alash-Orda Alash Militia	Russian SFSR	Victory Fall of the Cherkasy defense Retreat of the Red Army from Semirechye Massacres in Semirechye	Alikhan Bukeikhanov
1919	Russian Civil War Spring offensive of the White Army	Alash-Orda Alash Militia White Army	Russian SFSR	Victory The White Army had made a strategical breakthrough in the center	Alikhan Bukeikhanov

Republic of Kazakhstan (1991—present)

Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union from 1988 to 1991.

Date	Conflict	Combatant I	Combatant II	Result for Kazakhstan
1992-1997	Tajikistani Civil War	CSTO Kazakhstan	United Tajik Opposition Jamiat-e Islami (until 1996) Afghanistan (until 1996) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (until 1996) Taliban factions	Military stalemale United Nations-sponsored armistice Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed Rahmon wins the 1999 Tajik presidential election The United Tajik Opposition is promised 30 percent of the ministerial positions
1996-2001	Afghan Civil War	Kazakhstan Islamic State of Afghanistan	Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan al-Qaeda Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan East Turkistan Islamic Party Tanzeem-e-Nifaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi Pakistan	Military stalemale Continued clashes until the US-led invasion of Afghanistan Taliban control up to 85% of Afghanistan including the capital Kabul Civil war continues
2002–present	Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa^{[citation needed]}	Kazakhstan NATO	Insurgents: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (from 2015) al-Qaeda (from 2002) Al-Shabaab (from 2006) al-Itihaad al-Islamiya (2002–06) Hizbul Islam (2009–14) Ras Kamboni Brigades (2007–10) Jabhatul Islamiya (2007–09) Mu'askar Anole (2007–09)	Ongoing 21 high level Al-Shabaab leaders killed^[5]
2003-2011	Iraq War	Kazakhstan United States MNF–I United Kingdom New Iraqi government Iraqi Kurdistan	Iraq (2003)	Victory Overthrow of Saddam Hussein

References

^ Keller, Shoshana (2020). Russia and Central Asia: Coexistence, Conquest, Convergence. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9781487594343.
^ Baumer, Christoph (2018). History of Central Asia, The: 4-volume Set. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 9781838608682.
^ Kundakbayeva, Zhanar (2022). The History of Kazakhstan from the Earliest Period to the Present Time. Volume I. Almaty: LitRes. ISBN 9785040888788.
^ М. Ивлев. Гибель Семиреченского казачьего войска (1917-20 гг.) //Альманах «Белая гвардия», № 8. Казачество России в Белом движении. М.: «Посев», стр. 225—235 [1]
^ "Somalia Leaders Killed". New America Foundation. 740 15th Street, N.W., Suite 900, Washington, DC 20005. 19 May 2016.

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[1] Keller, Shoshana (2020). Russia and Central Asia: Coexistence, Conquest, Convergence. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9781487594343.

[2] Baumer, Christoph (2018). History of Central Asia, The: 4-volume Set. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 9781838608682.

[3] Kundakbayeva, Zhanar (2022). The History of Kazakhstan from the Earliest Period to the Present Time. Volume I. Almaty: LitRes. ISBN 9785040888788.

[4] М. Ивлев. Гибель Семиреченского казачьего войска (1917-20 гг.) //Альманах «Белая гвардия», № 8. Казачество России в Белом движении. М.: «Посев», стр. 225—235 [1]

[5] "Somalia Leaders Killed". New America Foundation. 740 15th Street, N.W., Suite 900, Washington, DC 20005. 19 May 2016.

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