T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain also known as T-cell receptor T3 zeta chain or CD247 (Cluster of Differentiation 247) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD247gene.[5]
Some older literature mention a similar protein called "CD3 eta" in mice. It is now understood to be an isoform differing in the last exon.[6]
Genomics
The gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 1 at location 1q22-q25 on the Crick (negative) strand. The encoded protein is 164 amino acids long with a predicted weight of 18.696 kiloDaltons.
Function
T-cell receptor zeta (ζ), together with T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers and CD3-gamma, -delta, and -epsilon, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. The zeta chain plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. Low expression of the antigen results in impaired immune response. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.[7]
^ a b cGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000198821 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ a b cGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000005763 – Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Weissman AM, Hou D, Orloff DG, Modi WS, Seuanez H, O'Brien SJ, Klausner RD (December 1988). "Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of the human T-cell receptor zeta chain: distinction from the molecular CD3 complex". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 (24): 9709–13. Bibcode:1988PNAS...85.9709W. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.24.9709. PMC282845. PMID 2974162.
^Clayton LK, D'Adamio L, Howard FD, Sieh M, Hussey RE, Koyasu S, Reinherz EL (June 1991). "CD3 eta and CD3 zeta are alternatively spliced products of a common genetic locus and are transcriptionally and/or post-transcriptionally regulated during T-cell development". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 88 (12): 5202–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.12.5202. PMC51840. PMID 1828894.
^"Entrez Gene: CD247 CD247 molecule".
^Tomita K, Saijo K, Yamasaki S, Iida T, Nakatsu F, Arase H, Ohno H, Shirasawa T, Kuriyama T, O'Shea JJ, Saito T (Jul 2001). "Cytokine-independent Jak3 activation upon T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation through direct association of Jak3 and the TCR complex". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (27): 25378–85. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011363200. PMID 11349123.
^Gorska MM, Stafford SJ, Cen O, Sur S, Alam R (Feb 2004). "Unc119, a novel activator of Lck/Fyn, is essential for T cell activation". J. Exp. Med. 199 (3): 369–79. doi:10.1084/jem.20030589. PMC2211793. PMID 14757743.
Human CD247 genome location and CD247 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P20963 (Human T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain (CD247)) at the PDBe-KB.