Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/V

1 – 20

1. Vaez (JE | WP GWP G) Prominent family of Lisbon, whose foremost members, the four brothers Immanuel, Pedro, Ayres, and Salvador, resided in Portugal as Maranos ......
2. Albin Valabrègue [fr] (JE | WP GWP G) French dramatist; born at Carpentras, Vaucluse, Dec. 17, 1853. He is one of the most prolific of modern French dramatists, ......
3. Mardochee-Georges Valabrègue (JE | WP GWP G) French general; born at Carpentras, Vaucluse, Sept. 20, 1852. He was educated at the Ecole Polytechnique and the Ecole d'Application ......
4. Valence (JE | WP GWP G) Chief town of the department of the Drome and former capital of the county of Valentinois in the ancient province ......
5. Valencia (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the former kingdom of the same name. During the dominion of the Moors, Valencia had a Jewish community ......
6. Gabriel Gustav Valentin (JE | WP GWP G) German physiologist; born at Breslau July, 1810; died at Bern, Switzerland, May 24, 1883. He was educated at the University ......
7. Valentinois (JE | WP GWP G) -- See V4: Valence
8. Samuel ben Judah Valerio (JE | WP GWP G) Physician and author who lived in the Grecian Archipelago in the second half of the sixteenth century. He wrote the ......
9. Moses David Vali (Valle) (JE | WP GWP G) Italian rabbi and physician; born at Padua; died there 1777. He was a cabalistic scholar of repute, and lectured before ......
10. Valladolid (JE | WP GWP G) Former residence of the kings of Castile and Spain; noteworthy for the numerous assemblies of the Cortes which were held ......
11. Isaac Valentine (JE | WP GWP G) English journalist and communal worker; born in Belgium 1793; died in London 1868; son of the Rev. N. I. Vallentine. ......
12. Raphael Valls (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish Marano; burned at the stake by the Inquisition at Palma, Majorca, on May 6, 1691, as the "rabbi" of ......
13. Valuation (JE | WP GWP G) Estimate of the value of the sacred gifts when a money substitute was required for them. The chief Biblical passage ......
14. Arminius Vámbéry JE (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian traveler and Orientalist; born at Duna-Szerdahely, on the island of Schütt, near Presburg, March 19, 1832. He was apprenticed ......
15. Franz van den Ende (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S1016: Spinoza
16. Abraham van Oven (JE | WP GWP G) Physician; died in England 1778; grandson of Samuel Basan, who, fleeing from Spain at the beginning of the eighteenth century, ......
17. Barnard van Oven (JE | WP GWP G) English physician and communal worker; born in London 1796; died there July 9, 1860; youngest son of Joshua Van Oven. ......
18. Joshua van Oven (JE | WP GWP G) English surgeon and communal worker; born in England 1766; died in Liverpool 1838; son of Abraham Van Oven. He was ......
19. William van Praagh (JE | WP GWP G) Pioneer of lipreading for deaf-mutes in England; born in Rotterdam June 11, 1845. Having studied under Dr. Hirsch, who had ......
20. Samuel van Straalen (JE | WP GWP G) English Hebraist and librarian; born at Gouda, Holland, 1845; died in London, England, 1902. In 1873 he was appointed Hebrew ......

21 – 40

1. Vancouver (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C80: Canada
2. Vanities (JE | WP GWP G) -- See I85: Idols
3. Rahel Varnhagen (JE | WP GWP G) -- See L286: Levin (Robert), Rahel Antonie Friederike
4. Quintlius Varus (JE | WP GWP G) Roman governor of Syria 6-4 B.C.; successor of Saturninus. He first became prominent in Jewish history when Herod the Great ......
5. Vashti (JE | WP GWP G) The first wife of Ahasuerus; her disobedience and subsequent punishment furnish the theme for the introduction to the story of ......
6. Vatican Library (JE | WP GWP G) Papal library; originally housed, with its archives, in the Lateran Palace, where it was enriched, in the course of time, ......
7. Johann Karl Wilhelm Vatke (JE | WP GWP G) Christian Hebraist; born March 14, 1806, at Behndorf, Saxony; died in Berlin April 19, 1882. After studying in Halle, Göttingen, ......
8. Vav (JE | WP GWP G) -- See W57: Waw
9. Wilhelm Vázsonyi JE (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian publicist and deputy; born at Sümegh (Sümeg) 1868. He was educated at Budapest, where his remarkable eloquence made him ......
10. Del Vecchio (JE | WP GWP G) Italian family, tracing its descent from the period of the destruction of the Second Temple. Some members of this family ......
11. Joseph Vecinho (Vizino) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Portuguese court physician and scientist at the end of the fifteenth century. He was a pupil of Abraham Zacuto, under ......
12. Joseph de la Vega JE (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P174: Penso, Joseph
13. Judah Vega JE (JE | WP GWP G) Rabbi and author; flourished in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Vega was the first rabbi of the second synagogue of ......
14. Vegetarianism (JE | WP GWP G) The theory according to which it is desirable to sustain the body with vegetables and fruits, and abstain from eating ......
15. Leo Veigelsberg JE (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian publicist; born at Nagy-Boldogasszony Jan. 18, 1846; educated at Kis-Körös, Budapest, and Vienna. For a short time he taught ......
16. Veil (JE | WP GWP G) A cover for the face; a disguise. From the earliest times it has been a sign of chastity and decency ......
17. Johannes Veit (JE | WP GWP G) German painter; born in Berlin 1790; died at Rome 1854. He studied at Vienna and at Rome, where he especially ......
18. Philipp Veit (JE | WP GWP G) German portrait- and genre-painter; born Feb. 13, 1793, in Berlin; died Dec. 18, 1877, at Mayence. His father died while ......
19. Ephraim Veitel (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H538: Heine, Heinrich
20. Vellum (JE | WP GWP G) Skins of animals constituted the ancient Oriental writing-material (Herodotus, v. 58; Strabo, xv. 1; Pauly-Wissowa, "Real-Encyc." ii. 944), and the ......

41 – 60

1. Vendor and Purchaser (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S71: Sale
2. Ludwig Venetianer JE (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian rabbi and writer; born May 19, 1867, at Kecskemet. He studied at the rabbinical seminary and the University of ......
3. Emmanuel Felix Veneziani [Wikidata] (JE | WP GWP G) French philanthropist; born at Leghorn in 1825; died at Paris Feb. 5, 1889. At an early age he went to ......
4. Venice (JE | WP GWP G) Italian city; formerly capital of a republic embracing northeastern Italy and some islands in the Mediterranean. The first Venetian document, ......
5. Ventura >> Moses Ventura JE (JE | WP GWP G) Family of rabbis and scholars prominent in Italy and Greece in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries.Eliezer ben Samuel Ventura: ......
6. Rubino Ventura (JE | WP GWP G) Soldier; born at Finale, Modena, 1795; died at Toulouse, France, April 5, 1858. At the age of seventeen he was ......
7. Mardochée Venture (JE | WP GWP G) French scholar; flourished at Avignon in the latter part of the eighteenth century. In collaboration with Isaiah Vidal he composed ......
8. Lope de Vera y Alarcon (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish martyr and knight ("caballero i mui emparentado," as he is designated by a contemporary) of noble family; born about ......
9. Verband der Vereine für Jüdische Geschichte und Literatur in Deutschland (JE | WP GWP G) -- See V56: Verein Für Jüdische Geschichte und Literatur
10. Gregori Leontyevich Verblovski (JE | WP GWP G) Russian jurist; born in the first quarter of the nineteenth century; died at Moscow 1900. He studied law at the ......
11. Vercelli (JE | WP GWP G) City in the compartimento of Piedmont, Italy. The oldest document in existence concerning its Jews is dated Feb. 16, 1446, ......
12. Verdict (JE | WP GWP G) -- See J691: Judgment
13. Verdun (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the department of Meuse, France. Jews resided there from the twelfth century; and among the scholars of the ......
14. Verein zur Abwehr des Anti-Semitismus [de] (JE | WP GWP G) Name of two societies for combating anti-Semitism. The first was formed in Berlin toward the end of 1890 by twelve ......
15. Verein für Cultur und Wissenschaft der Juden [de; he] (JE | WP GWP G) Society founded at Berlin (Nov. 27, 1819) by Leopold Zunz, Eduard Gans, and Moses Moser. The objects of the society ......
16. Verein für Jüdische Geschichte und Literatur (JE | WP GWP G) Name of societies founded in many German cities since about 1890 for the spread of the study of Jewish history ......
17. La Vérité Israélite (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
18. Verona (JE | WP GWP G) Chief city of the Italian province of the same name. As early as the tenth century it numbered Jews among ......
19. Verse-Division (JE | WP GWP G) The system of breaking up the Biblical text into verses may seem, both in the original and in the versions, ......
20. Versicle Themes (JE | WP GWP G) -- See K184: Ḳerobot

61 – 80

1. Elchanan Verveer [nl; fr] (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch painter and vignette-engraver; born at The Hague April 19, 1826. He received instruction from his brother Samuel L. Verveer, ......
2. Samuel Leonardus Verveer (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch landscape- and genre-painter; born at The Hague Nov. 30, 1813; died there Jan. 5, 1876. He was a pupil ......
3. Vesoul (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of the department of Haute-Saône, France. Jews first settled there in the latter part of the thirteenth century, under ......
4. Vespasian (JE | WP GWP G) Emperor of Rome from 69 to 79; founder of the Flavian dynasty. The defeat of Cestius Gallus convinced Nero that ......
5. Sacred Vessels (JE | WP GWP G) -- See T122: Temple, Administration of
6. Il Vessillo Israelitico (JE | WP GWP G) An Italian monthly; the continuation of the "Educatore Israelita" (founded 1853), which, upon the death of its editor Giuseppe Levi ......
7. Joseph Vészi JE (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian editor and deputy; born at Arad Nov. 6, 1858. He was educated at the gymnasium of his native town, ......
8. Victoria, Australia (JE | WP GWP G) -- See A2151: Australia
9. Victoria, British Columbia (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C80: Canada
10. Vidal b. Benveniste ibn Labi (JE | WP GWP G) -- See L6: Labi, Joseph ibn
11. Menahem b. Solomon Meiri Vidal (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M368: Me'iri, Menahem
12. Vidal of Tolosa JE (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish scholar of the latter half of the fourteenth century. He resided in Catalonia, where he prepared his most important ......
13. Samuel Emanuel Vidal-Naquet (JE | WP GWP G) French financier; born at Paris Aug. 22, 1859. Educated in his native city, he graduated from the Law Faculty and ......
14. Elijah b. Moses de Vidas (JE | WP GWP G) -- See E278: Elijah b. Moses de Vidas
15. Samuel ben Chabib de Vidas (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish scholar and Bible commentator of the fifteenth century; it is said, but not known with certainty, that he was ......
16. Vienna (JE | WP GWP G) Capital of Austria-Hungary. Legend asserts that Jews settled in this city in the remotest antiquity, and it is alleged that ......
17. Vienne (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the ancient province of Dauphiné, France. Jews dwelt there as early as the tenth century (Gross, "Gallia Judaica," ......
18. Villefranche (JE | WP GWP G) Town in the mountain district of the department of Rousillon, France; belonged formerly to Aragon. It was founded in 1095, ......
19. Vine (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G414: Grape
20. Vinegar (JE | WP GWP G) In the Biblical period vinegar was prepared either from wine or from cider, the former variety being termed "ḥomeẓ yayin," ......

81 – 100

1. Vineyards (JE | WP GWP G) -- See G414: Grape
2. Vinnitsa (Vinitza) (JE | WP GWP G) Russian town in the government of Podolia; situated on the banks of the Bug. Vinnitsa was founded in the fourteenth ......
3. Viol (JE | WP GWP G) Musical instrument; next to the "kinnor," it was the one most used by the Israelites. The Old Testament furnishes no ......
4. Viper (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S491: Serpent
5. Virginia (JE | WP GWP G) One of the Middle Atlantic states and one of the thirteen original states of the United States of America; seceded ......
6. Original Virtue (JE | WP GWP G) A term invented by S. Levy as a contrast to the expression "original sin," and designating the specifically Jewish concept ......
7. Visigoths (JE | WP GWP G) -- See S992: Spain
8. Soma Visontai JE (JE | WP GWP G) Hungarian lawyer and deputy; born at Gyöngyös Nov. 9, 1854; educated at Budapest, where he became an attorney ......
9. Vita (JE | WP GWP G) -- See H71: Ḥayyim
10. Vita della Volta (Solomon Chayyim) (JE | WP GWP G) Italian physician and Hebraist; born Sept. 24, 1772; died March 29, 1853; flourished in Mantua. He was the owner of ......
11. Vital >> Samuel Vital JE (JE | WP GWP G) Italian family, including several scholars, of whom the best known are:Ḥayyim Vital: Cabalist; son of Joseph Vital; born at Safed ......
12. David b. Solomon Vital ha-Rofe Vital (JE | WP GWP G) Spanish scholar; emigrated from Spain in the early part of the sixteenth century; died at Arta, or Narda, in Greece, ......
13. Benjamin Alessandro Vitale (Coen) (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C566: Coen, Benjamin Vitale
14. Vitebsk (JE | WP GWP G) Russian city; capital of the government of the same name; situated on both banks of the Düna. .....
15. Vitoria (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B399: Basque Provinces
16. Campegius Vitringa (the Elder) JE (JE | WP GWP G) Dutch Christian Hebraist; born at Leeuwarden May 16, 1669; died at Franeker March 31, 1722. He was educated at the ......
17. Simchah b. Samuel Vitry (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M75: Maḥzor
18. Vizhainy (Vizhuny, Vizan, Vizany) (JE | WP GWP G) Russian town in the government of Suwalki. On Jan. 29, 1723, Moses Yefraimovich, an elder of the Grodno ḳahal, presented ......
19. Vocalization (JE | WP GWP G) All Semitic script, excepting Ethiopic and Assyro-Babylonian, the latter of which in its origin is held by many to be ......
20. Sir Julius Vogel JE (JE | WP GWP G) Agent-general in London for New Zealand; born in London Feb. 25, 1835; died there March 13, 1899. He was the son ......

101 – 120

1. Hermann Vogelstein [de] (JE | WP GWP G) German rabbi and historian; born at Pilsen, Bohemia, Jan. 8, 1870. His father was Heinemann Vogelstein, rabbi of Stettin. Vogelstein ......
2. Voice of Heaven (JE | WP GWP G) -- See B417: Bat Ḳol
3. Voice of Israel (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
4. Voice of Jacob (JE | WP GWP G) -- See P199: Periodicals
5. Void and Voidable Contracts (JE | WP GWP G) -- See C753: Contract
6. Volozhin (JE | WP GWP G) Russian town in the government of Wilna; at the present time (1905) it belongs to Prince ......
7. Voltaire (JE | WP GWP G) French poet, historian, and essayist; born at Paris Nov. 21, 1694; died there May 30, 1778. His name was originally ......
8. Aaron Chai Volterra (JE | WP GWP G) Liturgical poet of the first half of the eighteenth century; rabbi of the Italian communities in Massa e Carrara. He ......
9. Meshullam ben Menahem Volterra (JE | WP GWP G) Italian jeweler of the fifteenth century. He lived in Florence, where he and his father, Menahem ben Aaron Volterra (who ......
10. Jacob Voorsanger [Wikidata] (JE | WP GWP G) American rabbi; born at Amsterdam, Holland, Nov. 13, 1852. He was educated at the Jewish Theological Seminary of Amsterdam, and ......
11. Vorarlberg (JE | WP GWP G) Extreme western district of the Austrian empire. In the Middle Ages it was called "Vor dem Arlberg," and was divided ......
12. Vorspiel (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M213: Marriage
13. Voskhod (JE | WP GWP G) -- See R479: Russia—Periodicals
14. Isaac Vossius (JE | WP GWP G) -- See M126: Manasseh ben Israel
15. Vows (Nedarim) (JE | WP GWP G) Promises made under religious sanction. In Talmudic law distinction is made between two ......
16. Vulgate (JE | WP GWP G) Latin version of the Bible authorized by the Council of Trent in 1546 as the ......
17. Vulture (JE | WP GWP G) The Hebrew terms rendered in one or the other of the English versions by "vulture" are: "da'ah" (Lev. xi. 14) ...... Our article is about bird