Waingaro

Waingaro
Hamlet
Waingaro hot pools and hydroslide viewed from hotel
Waingaro hot pools and hydroslide viewed from hotel
Map
Coordinates: 37°41′24″S 174°59′57″E / 37.68992°S 174.99915°E / -37.68992; 174.99915
CountryNew Zealand
RegionWaikato
DistrictWaikato District
Ward
  • Onewhero-Te Akau Ward
  • Raglan Ward
Electorates
Government
 • Territorial AuthorityWaikato District Council
 • Regional councilWaikato Regional Council
Area
[1]
 • Territorial91.92 km2 (35.49 sq mi)
Elevation
30 m (100 ft)
Population
 (2018 Census)[2]
 • Territorial189
 • Density2.1/km2 (5.3/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+12 (NZST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+13 (NZDT)

Waingaro is a rural community in the Waikato District and Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island, on the banks of the Waingaro River, where it is fed by a hot spring.[3]

Demographics

Waingaro is in an SA1 statistical area which covers 91.92 km2 (35.49 sq mi).[1] The SA1 area is part of the larger Te Ākau statistical area.[4]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
2006174—    
2013147−2.38%
2018180+4.13%
Source: [2]

Waingaro had a population of 180 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 33 people (22.4%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 6 people (3.4%) since the 2006 census. There were 63 households, comprising 99 males and 81 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.22 males per female. The median age was 47.3 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 21 people (11.7%) aged under 15 years, 30 (16.7%) aged 15 to 29, 99 (55.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 33 (18.3%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 71.7% European/Pākehā, and 45.0% Māori. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.7% had no religion, 33.3% were Christian, 1.7% had Māori religious beliefs and 1.7% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 21 (13.2%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 48 (30.2%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $19,600, compared with $31,800 nationally. 18 people (11.3%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 69 (43.4%) people were employed full-time, 33 (20.8%) were part-time, and 12 (7.5%) were unemployed.[2]

Marae

Waingaro Paa (Marae) is the meeting place of the local Waikato Tainui hapū of Ngaati Tamainupoo, Ngaati Te Huaki and Ngaati Toa Kotara.[5] It includes Ngaa Tokotoru the meeting house. The naming of the wharenui reflects the three Haapu and the Tuupuna that bear their names.[6]

In October 2020, the Government committed $2,584,751 from the Provincial Growth Fund to upgrade the marae and 7 other Waikato Tainui marae, creating 40 jobs.[7]

Education

Waingaro School is a co-educational state primary school,[8][9] with a roll of 10 as of February 2024.[10]

Waingaro Hot Spring

Waingaro Hot Spring was closed in 2014,[11] until improvements were made and it reopened in 2016.[12] It has dilute alkaline NaCl-type (salty), 37 to 54 °C (99 to 129 °F),[13] thermal water flowing from early Jurassic basement rocks at about 350 litres (92 US gal) per minute,[14] probably originating at least 3 kilometres (2 mi) deep[15] and sharing a source with Naike and Waikorea, as they all have similar chemical composition.[16]

In 1921 this description was given:

Waingaro/ on the coach-road from Ngaruawhahia to the west coast, has waters of the most strictly simple 'thermal' type, containing only 22 grains of solids to the gallon. It is not a 'spa,' though it is used locally and had at one time a great reputation among the Maoris. The outflow of water is very large and the temperature is high. There is a large simple immersion bath, with hotel accommodation alongside.

ANALYSIS Grains per gallon.

Sodium chloride 6-43
Silica 7-80
Total solids 22-66
Temperature. 130 °F.[17]

In 1942 a corrugated iron shelter, which had covered the spring on the north side of the road, was swept away by a flood. After that the hot water was piped under the road and the present complex of baths built.[18]

Spring Date sampled TD°C pH(20 °C) Li Na K Ca Sr Ba B HCO3 SiO2 SO4 F Cl I ΔD ‰ δ18O ‰ T (SiO2) °C
Waingaro well 12/05/2005 54.7 9.2 0.05 79 0.73 1.2 0.005 0.0004 4.9 44 55 8.3 3.5 49 0.029 -31.5 -5.74 83

[19]

Waingaro Landing

Mail coach at Waingaro Landing
advert from 1915 guidebook

The narrow, 2 km (1.2 mi) gravel road from Ohautira Rd to the boat ramp and whitebait stands at Waingaro Landing now sees little traffic, but was once much more important.

Just south of the point where the Waingaro joins the Kerikeri River, there is a record of Waingaro Landing being used by Rev A N Brown in 1834 to travel from Bay of Islands to Kawhia.[20] Little changed for another half century.

About 1883 a Crown Grant of 1,000 acres (400 ha) on the banks of the Waingaro stream was taken on by M. Barton or Patene, then Mr Clarke, then by Sam Picken. Most of it was in heavy bush. Clarke had started clearing it, employing Arthur Moon and Johnnie Douglas.[21] Picken travelled to Huntly by train, crossing the Waikato by boat, then rode on a bridle track to Glen Afton and finally on a native track through heavy bush of rimu and mataī on the hills, and kahikatea on the flats. Within a year the native track had been turned into a bridle track.[20] Picken was joined by George Richards, Arthur Shilson, Ned Edmonds, Stevens, Arthur Richards and Pyne. The Crown then built a road from Ngāruawāhia to the landing. By 1893 most land had been bought, except 600 acres (240 ha) at the Hot Springs on a 21-year lease to Sam Wilson, who built the hotel.[21]

Charles Sutton bought the 30 ft (9.1 m) steam launch 'Vesta', which could tow a punt from Raglan to Waingaro in one hour. An experiment with the 40 ft (12 m) 'Amateur' was unsuccessful; it took 3 hours. In 1896 the 'Vesta' was repaired and took on the work again.[22]

For almost two decades the landing became a popular route to Raglan, when Captain Coge ran the S.S. 'Maori' between Raglan and the landing from 1903.[23] A coach from Ngāruawāhia brought mail and passengers.[23]

About 1903, the Ministry of Tourist and Health Resorts published these options for journeys from Auckland to Raglan:

  • Auckland to Ngāruawāhia, 74 mi (119 km): Depart rail Auckland 10 a.m.
  • Arrive Ngāruawāhia, 12.58 p.m. 1st class 8/10, 2nd 5/9.
  • Ngāruawāhia to Waingaro, 16 mi (26 km). Coach departs Tuesday and Friday, 1.15 p.m. arrives 4 p.m. 6/- single, 10/- return.
  • Waingaro to Raglan, 9 mi (14 km). Oil launch Tuesday and Friday. 2/6 single, 4/- return.
    • Raglan to Onehunga 115 mi (185 km). N.S.S. (Northern Steamship) Steamer weekly. 20/- single, 30/- return. Saloon.
    • Onehunga to Auckland, 8 mi (13 km). Rail frequently. First I/-, 2nd 9 pence.
      • Raglan to Hamilton, 35 mi (56 km). Coach M.W. and Fridays. Departs 7 a.m. Arrives 1.10 p.m.
      • Hamilton to Raglan. Coach Tues., Thurs., and Saturdays. Depart Hamilton 9 a.m. Arrives 4 p.m. Single 12/-, return 20/-.

Coge soon gave up the boat service,[24] but by 18 November 1904 the Raglan Chronicle was advertising for cargo for the launch 'Nita' after 7 local men formed the co-operative, Raglan Launch Co, to take over, with land agent, A. R. Langley, as secretary.[25] With Mr B. Vercoe in charge, she continued trading until a fire in March, 1909,[20] with Frank Charlton in charge. However, the fire seems to have been extinguished[26] and the 'Nita' was later bought by Billy McQueen, who traded round the harbour till about 1920.[22] From time to time the Post Office invited tenders to carry mail on the route.[27] The County Council agreed to extend the shed and wharf in 1910, though not buy extra land for it.[28] The work was completed in 1913.[29]

The road to the landing was still being improved in 1905, when £100 was allocated.[30]

After 1920[20] the mail coach was replaced by a cream truck run by Bob Gibb on a Ngāruawāhia-Te Ākau mail run.[31]

References

  1. ^ a b "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  2. ^ a b c "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. 7011110.
  3. ^ Hariss, Gavin. "Waingaro, Waikato". topomap.co.nz. NZ Topo Map.
  4. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Te Ākau
  5. ^ "Māori Maps". maorimaps.com. Te Potiki National Trust.
  6. ^ "Te Kāhui Māngai directory". tkm.govt.nz. Te Puni Kōkiri.
  7. ^ "Marae Announcements" (Excel). growregions.govt.nz. Provincial Growth Fund. 9 October 2020.
  8. ^ "Official School Website". waingaro.school.nz.
  9. ^ "Ministry of Education School Profile". educationcounts.govt.nz. Ministry of Education.
  10. ^ "Education Review Office Report". ero.govt.nz. Education Review Office.
  11. ^ Council closure notice
  12. ^ "March 2016: Waingaro Hot Pools open". www.raglan23.co.nz. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  13. ^ list of hot pools, temperatures, flow rates, etc in Geothermal Resources In New Zealand An Overview: Trevor M. Hunt, Wairakei Research Centre, Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Ltd 1998
  14. ^ Geological Survey Professional Paper, Volume 492 1965 page 242
  15. ^ Naike Hot Springs: A Hot Spring System (N Island, New Zealand) S. Siswojo, A.S. Kasonta, M.P. Hochstein Geothermal Institute, University of Auckland 1985
  16. ^ M.P. HOCHSTEIN, S. SISWOJO, A.S. KASONTA (1985). "NAIKE HOT SPRINGS: A HOT SPRING SYSTEM" (PDF). Geothermal Institute University of Auckland.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ The Hot Springs of New Zealand: Arthur Stanley Herbert 1921
  18. ^ The End of an Era: Gwyneth Jones 2010
  19. ^ Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 2010 - Sources of solutes and heat in low-enthalpy mineral waters and their relation to tectonic setting, New Zealand: A.G. Reyes, B.W. Christenson, K. Faure
  20. ^ a b c d Raglan County Hills and Sea 1876-1976. Wilson & Horton for Raglan County Council. 1976. pp. 33, 132, 152, 153.
  21. ^ a b Vernon, R. T. (1981). Around Raglan. pp. 69–70.
  22. ^ a b Vernon, R. T. (1984). Raglan. Rice. pp. 24, 25, 126.
  23. ^ a b "Local And General News". The New Zealand Herald. 7 August 1903. pp. 4 5. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  24. ^ "News From Waingaro". The New Zealand Herald. 6 September 1904. p. 3. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  25. ^ "advert - Nita will run to Waingaro and Te Uku 6s per ton". Raglan County Chronicle. 19 November 1904.
  26. ^ "Raglan". Waikato Argus. 16 March 1909. p. 2. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  27. ^ "Page 20 Advertisements Column 2". Observer. 18 September 1909. p. 20. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  28. ^ "Raglan County Council". Waikato Argus. 21 January 1910. p. 2. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  29. ^ "Raglan County Council". Waikato Times. 15 January 1913. p. 4. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
  30. ^ "The Supplementary Estimates". The New Zealand Herald. 31 October 1905. p. 6. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  31. ^ Richards, Bill (1986). Off the Sheep's Back. Lindon Pub. p. 87. ISBN 0864700148.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Waingaro River (Waikato).
  • [1], [2], [3] - National Library 1910 photos of Waingaro Landing, Waingaro Bay (note the 1900 road to the Landing on the hillside) and Waingaro Estuary.
  • 1955 Waingaro Landing aerial photo - the foreground shows part of the Kerikeri River arm of the harbour, which is over 3 km long. The Waingaro River joins the estuary in the middle left of the photo.
  • Photo of oil launch 'Nita'.
  • New Zealand Herald 17 June 1893 - description of hot springs and their history.
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