Voiceless uvular trill

Voiceless uvular trill
ʀ̥
ʀ̊
IPA Number123 402A
Audio sample
Encoding
X-SAMPAR\_0
Voiceless uvular fricative trill
ʀ̝̊
Audio sample

The voiceless uvular trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some dialects of some spoken languages. It is less common than its voiced counterpart.

Features

Features of the voiceless uvular trill:

  • Its manner of articulation is trill, which means it is produced by directing air over an articulator so that it vibrates.
  • Its place of articulation is uvular, which means it is articulated with the back of the tongue (the dorsum) at the uvula.
  • Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
  • It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
  • It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
  • The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.

Occurrence

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Baïnounk Gubëeher Some speakers[1] [example needed] Word-final allophone of /ɾ/.
French Belgian[2] triste [t̪ʀ̥is̪t̪œ] 'sad' Allophone of /ʁ/ after voiceless consonants; can be a fricative [χ] instead.[2] See French phonology
German Standard[3] treten [ˈtʀ̥eːtn̩] 'to step' Possible allophone of /r/ after voiceless consonants for speakers that realize /r/ as a uvular trill [ʀ].[3] See Standard German phonology
Chemnitz dialect[4] Rock [ʀ̥ɔkʰ] 'skirt' In free variation with [ʁ̞], [ʁ], [χ] and [q]. Does not occur in the coda.[4]
Limburgish Hasselt dialect[5] geer [ɣeːʀ̥] 'odour' Possible word-final allophone of /ʀ/; may be alveolar [r̥] instead.[6] See Hasselt dialect phonology
Spanish Ponce dialect[7][full citation needed] perro [ˈpe̞ʀ̥o̞] 'dog' This and [χ] are the primary realizations of /r/ in this dialect.[7] See Spanish phonology

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Cobbinah (2013), p. 166.
  2. ^ a b Demolin (2001), pp. 65, 67–68, 70–71.
  3. ^ a b Krech et al. (2009), p. 86.
  4. ^ a b Khan & Weise (2013), p. 235.
  5. ^ Peters (2006).
  6. ^ While Peters (2006) does not state that explicitly, he uses the symbol ⟨r̥⟩ for many instances of the word-final /r/.
  7. ^ a b "The Spanish of Ponce, Puerto Rico: A phonetic, phonological, and intonational analysis". October 2010. Archived from the original on 2014-05-24. Retrieved 2023-09-07.

References

  • Cobbinah, Alexander Yao (2013), Nominal classification and verbal nouns in Baïnounk Gubëeher (PDF), University of London
  • Demolin, Didier (2001). "Some phonetic and phonological observations concerning /ʀ/ in Belgian French". In van de Velde, Hans; van Hout, Roeland (eds.). 'r-atics. Brussels: Etudes & Travaux. pp. 61–73. ISSN 0777-3692. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  • Khan, Sameer ud Dowla; Weise, Constanze (2013), "Upper Saxon (Chemnitz dialect)" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (2): 231–241, doi:10.1017/S0025100313000145
  • Krech, Eva Maria; Stock, Eberhard; Hirschfeld, Ursula; Anders, Lutz-Christian (2009), Deutsches Aussprachewörterbuch, Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, ISBN 978-3-11-018202-6
  • Peters, Jörg (2006), "The dialect of Hasselt", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 36 (1): 117–124, doi:10.1017/S0025100306002428
  • Verhoeven, Jo (2005), "Belgian Standard Dutch", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 35 (2): 243–247, doi:10.1017/S0025100305002173
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