User:TUF-KAT/Hornbostel-Sachs index

2: Instruments in which sound is produced through a vibrating membrane
- 21: Instruments in which the membrane is struck
  - 211: Instruments in which the membrane is struck directly, such as through bare hands, beaters or keyboards
    - 211.1: Instruments in which the body of the drum is dish- or bowl-shaped (kettle drums)
      - 211.11: Single instruments
      - 211.12: Sets of instruments
    - 211.2: Instruments in which the body is tubular (tubular drums)
      - 211.21: Instruments in which the body has the same diameter at the middle and end (cylindrical drums)
        211.211: Instruments which have only one usable membrane
        211.211.1: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is open
        
        211.211.2: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is closed
        
        211.212: Instruments which have two usable membranes
        211.212.1: Single instruments
        
        211.212.2: Sets of instruments
      - 211.22: Instruments in which the body is barrel-shaped (barrel drums)
        211.221: Instruments which have only one usable membrane
        211.221.1: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is open
        
        211.221.2: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is closed
        
        211.222: Instruments which have two usable membranes
        211.222.1: Single instruments
        
        211.222.2: Sets of instruments
      - 211.23: Instruments in which the body is double-conical
        211.231: Instruments which have only one usable membrane
        211.231.1: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is open
        
        211.231.2: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is closed
        
        211.232: Instruments which have two usable membranes
        211.232.1: Single instruments
        
        211.232.2: Sets of instruments
      - 211.24: Instruments in which the body is hourglass-shaped
        211.241: Instruments which have only one usable membrane
        211.241.1: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is open
        
        211.241.2: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is closed
        
        211.242: Instruments which have two usable membranes
        211.242.1: Single instruments
        
        211.242.2: Sets of instruments
      - 211.25: Instruments in which the body is conical-shaped (conical drums)
        211.251: Instruments which have only one usable membrane
        211.251.1: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is open
        
        211.251.2: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is closed
        
        211.252: Instruments which have two usable membranes
        211.252.1: Single instruments
        
        211.252.2: Sets of instruments
      - 211.26: Instruments in which the body is goblet-shaped (goblet drums)
        211.261: Instruments which have only one usable membrane
        211.261.1: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is open
        
        211.261.2: Instruments in which the end without a membrane is closed
        
        211.262: Instruments which have two usable membranes
        211.262.1: Single instruments
        
        211.262.2: Sets of instruments
    - 211.3: Instruments in which the body depth is not greater than the radius of the membrane (frame drums)
      - 211.31: Instruments which do not have a handle
        211.311: Instruments which have only one usable membrane
        
        211.312: Instruments which have two usable membranes
      - 211.32: Instruments which have a handle
        211.321: Instruments which have only one usable membrane
        
        211.322: Instruments which have two usable membranes
  - 212: Instruments which are shaken, the membrane being vibrated by objects inside the drum (rattle drums)
- 22: Instruments with a string attached to the membrane, so that when the string is plucked, the membrane vibrates (plucked drums)
- 23: Instruments in which the membrane vibrates as a result of friction
  - 231: Instruments in which the membrane is vibrated from a stick that is rubbed or used to rub the membrane
    - 231.1: Instruments in which the stick is inserted in a hole in the membrane
      - 231.11: Instruments in which the stick can not be moved and is subject to rubbing, causing friction on the membrane
      - 231.12: Instruments in which the stick is semi-movable, and can be used to rub the membrane
      - 231.13: Instruments in which the stick is freely movable, and is used used to rub the membrane
    - 231.2: Instruments in which the stick is tied upright to the membrane
  - 232: Instruments in which a cord, attached to the membrane, is rubbed
    - 232.1: Instruments in which the drum is held stationary whileplaying
      - 232.11: Instruments which have only one usable membrane
      - 232.12: Instruments which have two usable membranes
    - 232.2: Instruments in which the drum is twirled by a cord, which rubs in a notch on the stick held by the player
  - 233: Instruments in which the membrane is rubbed by hand
- 24: Instruments in which the membrane vibrates by singing or speaking into it (kazoos)
  - 241: Instruments in which the membrane is vibrated by an unbroken column of wind, without a chamber
  - 242: Instruments in which the membrane is placed in a box, tube or other container

These instruments may be classified with a suffix, depending on how the membrane is attached to the body:

6: Membrane glued to the body
7: Membrane nailed to the body
8: Membrane laced to the body
- 81: Lacing is cord- or ribbon-bracing, in which the cords stretch between membranes or in the form of a net
  - 811: Lacing does not use a special device to stretch the cords
  - 812: The middle of the lacing has ribbons or cords tied crossways to increase the tension of the lacing (tension ligature)
  - 813: The lacing is zigzag, with every pair of strings attached to a ring or hoop (tension loop)
  - 814: Wedges, placed between the body and the lacing, can be used to alter the tension by adjusting the positioning of the wedges
- 82: The lacing at the lower end is attached to a non-sonorous hide
  - 821: Lacing does not use a special device to stretch the cords
  - 822: The middle of the lacing has ribbons or cords tied crossways to increase the tension of the lacing (tension ligature)
  - 823: The lacing is zigzag, with every pair of strings attached to a ring or hoop (tension loop)
  - 824: Wedges, placed between the body and the lacing, can be used to alter the tension by adjusting the positioning of the wedges
- 83: The lacing at the lower end is attached to an auxiliary board
  - 831: Lacing does not use a special device to stretch the cords
  - 832: The middle of the lacing has ribbons or cords tied crossways to increase the tension of the lacing (tension ligature)
  - 833: The lacing is zigzag, with every pair of strings attached to a ring or hoop (tension loop)
  - 834: Wedges, placed between the body and the lacing, can be used to alter the tension by adjusting the positioning of the wedges
- 84: The lacing at the lower end is attached to flange, carved from a solid block
  - 841: Lacing does not use a special device to stretch the cords
  - 842: The middle of the lacing has ribbons or cords tied crossways to increase the tension of the lacing (tension ligature)
  - 843: The lacing is zigzag, with every pair of strings attached to a ring or hoop (tension loop)
  - 844: Wedges, placed between the body and the lacing, can be used to alter the tension by adjusting the positioning of the wedges
- 85: The lacing at the lower end is attached to a belt
  - 851: Lacing does not use a special device to stretch the cords
  - 852: The middle of the lacing has ribbons or cords tied crossways to increase the tension of the lacing (tension ligature)
  - 853: The lacing is zigzag, with every pair of strings attached to a ring or hoop (tension loop)
  - 854: Wedges, placed between the body and the lacing, can be used to alter the tension by adjusting the positioning of the wedges
- 86: The lacing at the lower end is attached to pegs inserted in the body of the drum
  - 861: Lacing does not use a special device to stretch the cords
  - 862: The middle of the lacing has ribbons or cords tied crossways to increase the tension of the lacing (tension ligature)
  - 863: The lacing is zigzag, with every pair of strings attached to a ring or hoop (tension loop)
  - 864: Wedges, placed between the body and the lacing, can be used to alter the tension by adjusting the positioning of the wedges
9: Membrane is bound to the body with a ring slipped on top of it
- 91: Membrane is attached by a ring made of cord
- 92: Membrane is attached by a ring made of a hoop
  - 921: Drum has no mechanism
  - 922: Drum has mechanism
    - 9221: Drum has no pedals
    - 9222: Drum has pedals