User:Mr. Ibrahem/Primidone

Mr. Ibrahem/Primidone
Clinical data
Trade namesLepsiral, Mysoline, Resimatil, others
Other namesdesoxyphenobarbital, desoxyphenobarbitone
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682023
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: D[1]
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug classAnticonvulsant (barbiturate)
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability~100%[3]
Protein binding25%[3]
MetabolismLiver
Elimination half-lifePrimidone: 5-18 h,
Phenobarbital: 75-120 h,[3]
PEMA: 16 h[4]
Time to reach steady state:
Primidone: 2-3 days,
Phenobarbital&PEMA 1-4weeks[5]
ExcretionKidney
Identifiers
  • 5-Ethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-diazinane-4,6-dione
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC12H14N2O2
Molar mass218.252 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
  • O=C1NCNC(=O)C1(c2ccccc2)CC
  • InChI=1S/C12H14N2O2/c1-2-12(9-6-4-3-5-7-9)10(15)13-8-14-11(12)16/h3-7H,2,8H2,1H3,(H,13,15)(H,14,16) checkY
  • Key:DQMZLTXERSFNPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Primidone, sold under various brand names, is a medication used to treat seizures including partial and generalized seizures.[6] It may also be used for essential tremors.[7] The dose may be based on levels measured in the blood.[6] It is taken by mouth.[6]

Common side effects include sleepiness, poor coordination, nausea, and loss of appetite.[6] Severe side effects may include suicide, psychosis, a lack of blood cells.[7][6] Use during pregnancy may result in harm to the baby.[6] Primidone is an anticonvulsant of the barbiturate class.[6] How it works is not entirely clear.[6]

Primidone was approved for medical use in the United States in 1954.[6] It is available as a generic medication.[7] A month supply in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about 68.40 £ as of 2019.[7] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$13.20.[9] In 2017, it was the 238th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than two million prescriptions.[10][11]

References

  1. ^ a b "Primidone (Mysoline) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 18 February 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  2. ^ "Primidone SERB 50mg Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 18 August 2014. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  3. ^ a b c Ochoa, Juan G; Riche, Willise. (2005). "Antiepileptic Drugs: An Overview". eMedicine. eMedicine, Inc. Retrieved 2005-07-02.
  4. ^ CDER, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (2003–2005). "Primidone (Mysoline)". Pharmacology Guide for Brain Injury Treatment. Brain Injury Resource Foundation. Retrieved 2005-07-02.
  5. ^ Yale Medical School, Department of Laboratory Medicine (1998). "Therapeutic Drug Levels". YNHH Laboratory Manual - Reference Documents. Yale Medical School. Retrieved 2005-07-13.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Primidone Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 8 April 2019.
  7. ^ a b c d e British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 332. ISBN 9780857113382.
  8. ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
  9. ^ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  10. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  11. ^ "Primidone - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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