Orange swift

Orange swift
Triodia sylvina, male
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Hepialidae
Genus:	Triodia
Species:	T. sylvina
Binomial name
Triodia sylvina (Linnaeus, 1761)
Synonyms
List Phalaena (Noctua) sylvina Linnaeus, 1761 Alphus sylvinus (Linnaeus, 1761) Hepialus sylvina (Linnaeus, 1761) Hepialus sylvinus (Linnaeus, 1761) Bombyx hamma [Denis and Schiffermüller], 1775 Hepialus angulatus Fabricius, 1781 Phalaena multicolor Fourcroy, 1785 Hegialus crux Fabricius, 1787 Noctua angulum de Villers, 1789 Noctua c-album de Villers, 1789 Hepialus fauna Schrank, 1801 Hepialus cruxator Haworth, 1802 Hepialus angulator Haworth, 1802 Hepialus sylvinator Haworth, 1802 Hepialus pallidus Hormuzaki, 1894 Hepialus poecilus Hormuzaki, 1894 Hepialus kruegeri Turati, 1909 Hepialus victoriae Petkoff, 1914 Hepialus brunnescens Lempke, 1938 Hepialus pauper Lempke, 1938 Hepialus androgynus Agenjo, 1942 Hepialus pardoi Agenjo, 1942 Hepialus alfaroi Agenjo, 1942 Hepialus laincalvo Agenjo, 1942 Triodia nigrescens Lempke, 1961 Triodia obscura Lempke, 1961 Triodia pallida Lempke, 1961 Triodia reducta Lempke, 1961

The orange swift or orange moth (Triodia sylvina) is a moth belonging to the family Hepialidae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1761 and was previously placed in the genus Hepialus. It is distributed throughout Europe.

Description

This species has a wingspan of 32–48 mm. The male has rich orange forewings with two white bars forming a "V" shape. The hindwings are dark brown. The female is similar but generally larger and less brightly coloured. It flies at night from June to September^[1] and is attracted to light. They do not have a proboscis so will not be found at flowers feeding. The globular, shiny black eggs are broadcast by the female as she hovers over the food plant.^[1][2]

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  ♂
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  ♂ △
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  ♀
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  ♀ △

Larva

When they hatch the larvae find their foodplant, bore into the root and are 25 to 30 mm long when fully fed. They have an orange-brown head and a shiny white body with brownish-orange dorsal plates on the thoracic segments; spiracles are black. They can feed for two years from September to July on the roots of various plants including bracken (Pteridium species), dandelion (Taraxacum species), docks (Rumex species), hop (Humulus lupulus) and viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare).^[1][3]

Pupa

The larvae pupate in silken cocoons near the surface of the soil; pupa are elongated with hooked bristles on the abdominal segments. They leave the cocoon, prior to the emergence of the imago.^[1]

Distribution

Found throughout northern, central and south-eastern Europe to the Middle East.^[1]

Etymology

Originally placed in the genus Hepialus – from the Greek; hēpialos – means a fever, as in 'the fitful, alternating flight' of the moth. It has since been allocated to the genus Triodia^{[clarification needed]}. The specific name sylvina – from silvanus – belonging to a wood, referring to the moths habitat; although it can be found in other habitats.^[4]

Gallery

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  John Curtis's British Entomology Volume 5
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  Figs. 5 larvae after last moult burrowing in root of dock
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  female pupa

Notes

1. ^ The flight season refers to the British Isles. This may vary in other parts of the range.

References

External links

• Kimber, Ian. "3.001 BF15 Orange Swift Triodia sylvina (Linnaeus, 1761)". UKMoths. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
• Lepiforum e.V.