Toraja-Saʼdan language
Austronesian language spoken in Sulawesi, Indonesia
Toraja-Saʼdan | |
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Saʼdan | |
Native to | Indonesia |
Region | Sulawesi |
Native speakers | 750,000 (2000 census)[1] |
Austronesian
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Dialects |
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Latin | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | sda |
Glottolog | tora1261 |
Toraja-Saʼdan (also Toraja, Saʼdan, South Toraja) is an Austronesian language spoken in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It shares the name Taeʼ with East Toraja. Most of the Toraja language mapping was done by Dutch missionaries working in Sulawesi, such as Nicolaus Adriani and Hendrik van der Veen.
Phonology
Front | Central | Back | |
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Close | i | u | |
Mid | e | o | |
Open | a |
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
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Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | (tʃ) | k | ʔ |
voiced | b | d | (dʒ) | ɡ | ||
Fricative | s | (h) | ||||
Rhotic | r | |||||
Lateral | l | |||||
Approximant | w | j |
Sounds [tʃ, dʒ] are heard from Indonesian loanwords. /h/ only rarely occurs.
In final position, only /n/, /ŋ/, /k/ and /ʔ/ can occur.[2]
References
- ^ Toraja-Saʼdan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Sande, J. S.; Stokhof, W. A. L. (1977). "On the Phonology of the Toraja Kesuʔ Dialect" (PDF). In Ignatius Suharno (ed.). Miscellaneous Studies in Indonesian and Languages in Indonesia, Part IV. NUSA 5. Jakarta: Badan Penyelenggara Seri NUSA. pp. 19–34.
Further reading
Toraja-Saʼdan language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
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