Tochigishiro

Tochigishiro
GenusCannabis
Speciessativa[1]
CultivarTochigishiro
BreederItsuo Nishioka
OriginKyushu University and Tochigi Agricultural Experiment Station in Tochigi, Japan

Tochigishiro (Japanese: とちぎしろ) is a cultivar of hemp grown in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. It meets international standards of non-narcotic agricultural hemp at about 0.2% THC,[2][3] reckoned "remarkably low" by Sensi Seeds.[4] It was grown in the early 20th century at Arlington Experimental Farm near the United States capital.[5] The modern variety was developed beginning in 1973 by Kyushu University professor of pharmacy Itsuo Nishioka from seeds "found in southern Japan",[6] and completed c. 1982 by the Tochigi prefectural government at Tochigi Agricultural Experiment Station in Tochigi-shi.[7][8] According to a National Institute of Mental Health-affiliated researcher, the strain is missing the enzyme tetrahydrocannabinolic acid synthase that makes most Cannabis capable of producing THC.[9] It is the most widely grown cultivar in Japan in the 21st century, being exempt from prohibition under the Cannabis Control Law, due to its low levels of psychoactive chemicals.[10][11] Approximately 90% of the hemp grown in Japan is the Tochigishiro variety (as of 2007).[12]

A research report on an experimental plot at Kitami Agricultural Experimental Station on Hokkaido suggests that it may be the most productive known crop for biomass, yielding 52.7 tonnes/ha in a single season.[13] The crop grows about 3 metres (9.8 ft) tall.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analyses of Cannabis sativa".
  2. ^ Kojoma et al. 2002
  3. ^ "Reefer gladness: A brief history of hemp in Japan". Stars and Stripes. April 8, 2018.
  4. ^ "Cannabis in Japan – laws, use, history". Sensi Seeds. April 2, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  5. ^ Manuel Roig-Franzia (May 13, 2010). "Hemp fans look toward Lyster Dewey's past, and the Pentagon, for higher ground". The Washington Post.
  6. ^ Robert Trumbull (September 2, 1973). "Japanese raising pot with no kick: Hemp without drug effect is aimed to thwart thieves most production there". The New York Times. p. 5.
  7. ^ Takashima 1982.
  8. ^ a b Japan Ministry of Health 2016, p. 11.
  9. ^ Waller 1975, p. 458.
  10. ^ Akiko Koga. "Industrial uses targeted for hemp". Japan Times.
  11. ^ Clarke & Merlin 2013, p. 156.
  12. ^ Jun Hongo (December 11, 2007). "Hemp OK as rope, not as dope". Japan Times.
  13. ^ Kikuchi & Moriyama 2016.

Sources

  • Takashima, D. (1982), "A new hemp variety 'Tochigishiro'" (PDF), Bulletin of the Tochigi Agricultural Experiment Station (Japan), 28: 47–54
  • Kojoma, Mareshige; Iida, Osamu; Makino, Yukiko; Sekita, Setsuko; Satake, Motoyoshi (February 2002), "DNA Fingerprinting of Cannabis sativa Using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) Amplification", Planta Medica, 68 (1): 60–63, doi:10.1055/s-2002-19875, PMID 11842329
  • Kikuchi, Harumi; Moriyama, Emi (June 2016), The industrial hemp of Hokkaido – the challenge towards a future (PDF), Hokkaido Industrial Hemp Association, retrieved April 29, 2020
  • Clarke, Robert C.; Merlin, Mark D. (2013). "History of cannabis use for fiber". Cannabis: Evolution and Ethnobotany. Univ of California Press. pp. 135–198. ISBN 978-0-520-27048-0.
  • Waller, Coy W. (1975), "Testimony of Coy W. Waller Ph.D., directory of the Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Mississippi, and former Vice President in Charge of Research, Meade-Johnson Co.", Marihuana-hashish Epidemic and Its Impact on United States Security: Hearings Before the Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate, Ninety-third Congress, Second Session, United States Congress / U.S. Government Printing Office, pp. 456–460
  • "The current state of cannabis cultivation" (PDF), ご注意ください! 大麻栽培でまちおこし? – 大麻の正しい知識で正しい判断 [Please be careful! Revitalization of a town by cultivation of cannabis?! The right knowledge of cannabis makes the right decision.] (pamphlet), Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan), c. 2016, pp. 10–11, retrieved May 2, 2020


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