Timeline of Pakistani history

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History of Pakistan
Timeline
Ancient Palaeolithic Soanian culture, c. 500,000 – 250,000 BCE Neolithic Mehrgarh, c. 7000 – c. 3000 BCE Indus Valley Civilisation, c. 3300 – c. 1700 BCE Vedic Civilization, c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE Achaemenid Empire, c. 550 – c. 330 BCE Gedrosia, c. 542 – c. 330 BCE Gandhara, c. 518 – c. 330 BCE Arachosia, c. 518 – c. 330 BCE Hindush, c. 517 – c. 330 BCE Sattagydia, c. 516 – c. 330 BCE Ror dynasty, c. 489 – c. 450 BCE Macedonian Empire, c. 329 – c. 323 BCE Arachosia, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Gedrosia, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Paropamisadae, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Porus, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Taxiles, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Mauryan Empire, c. 322 – c. 200 BCE Seleucid Empire, c. 312 – c. 63 BCE Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, c. 190 – c. 140 BCE Indo-Greek Kingdom, c. 170 – c. 50 BCE Indo-Scythian Kingdom, c. 110 BCE – c. 95 CE Apracharajas, c. 25 BCE – c. 50 CE Paratarajas, c. 120 – c. 300 CE
Classical Parthian Empire, c. 90 BCE – c. 25 CE Indo-Parthian Kingdom, c. 25 – c. 80 CE Kushan Empire, c. 60 – 345 CE Sasanian Empire, c. 250 – 655 CE Indo-Sasanians, c. 240 – 410 CE Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom, c. 240 – 410 CE Gupta Empire, c. 345 – c. 455 CE Rai dynasty, c. 415 – 644 CE Hephthalite Empire, c. 450 – 560 CE Brahman dynasty, c. 641 – 725 CE
Medieval Caliphate, c. 643 – 860 CE Rashidun Caliphate, c. 643 – 661 CE Umayyad Caliphate, c. 670 – 860 CE Pala Empire, c. 770 – 850 CE Habbari dynasty, c. 841 – 1024 CE Hindu Shahi, c. 870 – 1010 CE Samanid Empire, c. 905 – 999 CE Ghaznavids, c. 999 – 1186 CE Soomra dynasty, c. 1024 – 1351 CE Ghurid dynasty, c. 1170 – 1215 CE Delhi Sultanate, c. 1206 – c. 1526 CE Mamluk dynasty, c. 1206 – c. 1290 CE Khalji dynasty, c. 1290 – c. 1320 CE Tugluq dynasty, c. 1320 – c. 1413 CE Sayyid dynasty, c. 1414 – c. 1451 CE Lodhi dynasty, c. 1451 – c. 1526 CE Mongol Empire, c. 1221 – c. 1327 CE Chagatai Khanate, c. 1225 – c. 1485 CE Ilkhanate, c. 1256 – c. 1353 CE Raees dynasty, c. 1320 – 1620 CE Katoor dynasty, c. 1570 – c. 1947 CE Samma dynasty, c. 1351 – c. 1524 CE Arghun dynasty, c. 1520 – c. 1554 CE Mughal Empire, c. 1526 – c. 1707 CE Bombay Presidency, c. 1618 – c. 1947 CE Suri dynasty, c. 1540 – c. 1556 CE Tarkhan dynasty, c. 1554 – 1591 CE
Early modern Durrani Empire, c. 1747 – c. 1826 CE Las Bela, c. 1802 – c. 1947 CE Misl, c. 1716 – c. 1799 CE Maratha Empire, c. 1758 – c. 1760 CE Sikh Empire, c. 1799 – c. 1849 CE British Raj, c. 1858 – c. 1947 CE Independence Movement
Modern Pakistan, c. 1947 CE – present Dominion of Pakistan, c. 1947 – 1956 CE Islamic Republic, c. 1956 CE – present
History of provinces Azad Kashmir Balochistan East Pakistan Gilgit-Baltistan Islamabad Capital Territory Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Punjab Sindh
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This is a timeline of Pakistani history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the region of modern-day Pakistan. To read about the background of these events, see History of Pakistan and History of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

Paleolithic Period	Lower Paleolithic Period · Middle Paleolithic Period · Upper Paleolithic Period
Centuries	BCE	35th · 27th · 25th · 19th · 17th · 15th · 13th · 12th · 10th · 7th · 6th · 5th · 4th · 3rd · 2nd · 1st
	CE	1st · 2nd · 3rd · 4th · 5th · 6th · 7th · 8th · 9th · 10th · 11th · 12th · 13th · 14th · 15th · 16th · 17th · 18th · 19th · 20th · 21st

Lower Paleolithic

Year	Date	Event
2,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE		Tools crafted by proto-humans that have been dated back two million years have been discovered in the region of present-day North Pakistan[1][2] The pebble stones from the archaeological site of Riwat, Murree are discovered, dating back approximately 1.9 million years ago.[3] The earliest archaeological site in the subcontinent is the palaeolithic hominid site in the Soan River valley.[4] Soanian sites are found in the Sivalik region across Indian subcontinent.[5][6][7]
500,000 BCE		Some of the earliest relics of Stone Age man have been found in the Soan Valley of the Potohar region near Rawalpindi, dating back to 500,000 BCE.

Middle Paleolithic

Year	Date	Event
300,000 BCE – 100,000 BCE		Flake tools, microliths and other chopping tools have been found in Soan Valley. Most of these tools were composed of the metamorphic quartzite rocks. The stone tool artifacts in this assemblage have been identified as a part of the second inter-pluvial period in Pakistan. Some of the Bhimbetka shelters were inhabited by Homo erectus more than 100,000 years ago.[8][9]

Upper Paleolithic

Year	Date	Event
43,000 BCE		The archaeological site of Riwat 55 dates back to this period. It is modern form of Early Riwat Site.[10] Riwat 55 contains a structure that includes a low wall footing, a pit, and a stone-lined niche, all associated with a freshly flaked stone assemblage that included blades.[10]

35th century BCE

Year	Date	Event
3500 BCE – 3300 BCE		Mature phases of the Indus Valley civilization begins. The civilization used an early form of the Indus signs, also called Indus script. Over the course of next 1000–1500 years, inhabitants of the civilization developed new techniques in handicraft (carnelian products and seal carving) and metallurgy (copper, bronze, lead, and tin) had elaborate urban planning, baked brick houses, efficient drainage systems, water supply systems, and clusters of large non-residential buildings.[11] The civilization depended significantly on trade, was the first civilization to use wheeled transport in form of bullock carts, and also used boats.[12]

27th century BCE

Year	Date	Event
2700 BCE – 2600 BCE		The cities of Harappa[13] and Mohenjo-daro[14] become large metropolises and the civilization expands to over 2,500 cities and settlements across the whole region of modern-day Pakistan and also some areas of Afghanistan and India,[15] covering a region of around one million square miles, which was larger than the land area of its contemporaries Egypt and Mesopotamia combined, and also had superior urban planning and sewage systems. The civilization began using the mature Indus script for its writing system.

25th century BCE

Year	Date	Event
2500 BCE – 2000 BCE		The culture, artichetere, technology and educational system of Indus Valley civilization reached at its zenith with Harappa and Kot Diji as main centres.[13] These fluctuations reflect complex and dynamic political, ideological, and economic processes that are an integral part of urban society.[13]

19th century BCE

Year	Date	Event
1900 BCE – 1300 BCE		Late Harappan Phase (Cemetery H Culture)

13th century BCE

Year	Date	Event
1300 BCE		Cemetery H culture comes to an end

10th century BCE

Date	Event
1000 BCE		Middle and Late Vedic period (to 500 BCE)
		Iron Age of Indian subcontinent (including today's Pakistan)

7th century BCE

Year	Date	Event
700 BCE		The Upanishads, a sacred text of Hinduism is written.

6th century BCE

Year	Date	Event
600 BCE		Sixteen Maha Janapadas ("Great Realms" or "Great Kingdoms") emerge.[16]
		Vedic period ends.
535 BCE – 518 BCE		Achaemenid Emperors launched Persian campaign of Indus Valley and in result parts of modern-day Pakistan became easternmost part of Achaemenid Empire[17]
500 BCE		Gandhara Civilization at first stage of its flourishness.[18]

5th century BCE

Year	Date	Event
500 BCE – 450 BCE		Persian rule is at its zenith.
500 BCE		Roruka as capital of Sauvira Kingdom become most important trading center of Indian subcontinent, also mentioned in early Buddhist literature.[19]
450 BCE		Ror Dynasty come to power and captured Sindh, Balochistan and North India with the capital of Rori, Sindh.[20]

4th century BCE

Year	Date	Event
333 BCE		Persian rule in the Pakistan ends after Darius III is defeated by Alexander the Great, who establishes the Macedonian Empire after inheriting the Persian Achaemenid Empire.[21]
326 BCE		Ambhi king of Takshila surrenders to Alexander.[22]
		Porus who ruled parts of the Punjab, fought Alexander at the Battle of the Hydaspes River.[23]
325 BCE		During the Mallian Campaign, Alexander was seriously wounded by an arrow in the chest and this became reason of his death.[24]
321 BCE		Mauryan Empire is founded by Chandragupta Maurya.[25]
305 BCE		Chandragupta Maurya defeats Seleucus Nicator of the Seleucid Empire.[26]
304 BCE		Seleucus gives up his territories (Balochistan) to Chandragupta in exchange for 500 elephants. Seleucus offers his daughter in marriage to Chandragupta to seal their friendship.[27]

2nd century BCE

Year	Date	Event
200 BCE – 150 BCE		Gandhara Civilization (present day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) flourished in new way by combination of Hellenistic culture and Ancient Indian culture. Taxila became centre of Gandhara Civilization and religion of Buddhism.

1st century BCE

Year	Date	Event
75 BCE		Arrival of Scythians (Sakas) from Central Asia.
58 BCE		Beginning of Vikram Era.

1st century

Year	Date	Event
20 AD – 35 AD		Indo-Parthian Kingdom was established and conquered present northern Pakistan.[28]
35 AD		Western Satraps formed.[29]
68 AD		Establishment of the Kushan empire by Kujula Kadphises.[30]

2nd century

Year	Date	Event
100 AD or after		Sugar was first produced from sugarcane plants in Punjab.[31]

3rd century

Year	Date	Event
240 AD		Sri Gupta starts the establishment of Gupta Empire in Indian subcontinent (including present Pakistan).[32]
260 AD		Kushans decline and are dominated by Indo-Sassanians.[33]

4th century

Date	Event
320 AD		Chandragupta I ascends the throne of Gupta Empire.[34]
		Kidarite Kingdom came to power in the region of modern-day Pakistan.[35]
335 AD		Samudragupta ascends the Gupta throne and expands the empire.[36]
380 AD		Chandragupta II, Samudragupta's son becomes the Gupta Emperor.[34]

5th century

Year	Date	Event
450 AD		White Huns (Hephthalites) attacked Gandhara, sacked its cities and burnt down its many monasteries and centres of learning.[37]
489 AD		Ror dynasty is disestablished.[38]

6th century

Year	Date	Event
524 AD		Rai dynasty come to power in the region of Sindh.[39]
554 AD		Collapse of Gupta Empire after the death of Skandagupta.[34]
565 AD		Sassanians and Turks overthrow Huns.

7th century

Year	Date	Event
601 AD		Rai dynasty reached at its zenith and covered whole of Pakistan and Afghanistan with the capital of Aror, Sindh.[40]
632 AD		Brahman dynasty come into power and Chach of Aror become Maharaja of Sindh.[41]
644 AD		Islam arrived in Indian subcontinent. Rashidun Caliphate defeated Rai dynasty in the Battle of Rasil and Balochistan become easternmost frontier of Rashidun Caliphate.[42]
665 AD		Turk Shahi gained control west of the Indus River, including Gandhara.[43]
671 AD		At the death of Chach of Alor, the Brahmin dynasty reached its zenith and he was succeeded by his brother Chandar of Sindh.[44]
679 AD		Chandar of Sindh died and succeeded by his nephew Raja Dahir, last Hindu Maharaja of Sindh.[45]

8th century

Year	Date	Event
700 AD		According to the Qissa-i Sanjan, the Parsi immigrants are granted permission to stay by the local ruler Jadi Rana.
712 AD		Muhammad Bin Qasim defeated Raja Dahir and established Ummayad Islamic rule on Sindh and South Punjab (Multan) on the orders of Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf.[46]
747 AD – 751 AD		Ummayad Era finished and Abbasid Era begins.[47] Mansur ibn Jumhur al-Kalbi revolted against Ummayad Dynasty during Abbasid Revolution and after Abbasid victory in revolution, he was confirmed as Abbasid Governor of Sindh.[48]

9th century

Year	Date	Event
841 AD		Dynastic rule of Habbaris over Sindh begin under suzerainty of Abbasid Caliphate.[49]
870 AD		Hindu Shahis captured Kingdom of Kabul Shahi and expanded their rule in Khyber Pukhtunkhwa and Punjab.[50]
875 AD		Habbari dynasty rule expanded over whole of Sindh, Balochistan and South Punjab (Multan).[51]

10th century

Year	Date	Event
977 AD – 997 AD		Sabuktigin of Ghaznavid dynasty defeated many times Hindu Shahi ruler Jayapala and became ruler of domains east of the Indus River.[52]

11th century

Year	Date	Event
1001		Mahmud Ghazni defeated Raja Jayapala of Hindu Shahi; after that Jayapala commits suicide.[53]
1021		Mahmud Ghazni defeats Raja Tarnochalpal and Punjab becomes part of Ghaznavid dynasty.[54] In this way whole of Pakistan comes under Muslim rule; Punjab and Khyber Pukhtunkhwa under Ghaznavid Empire, Sindh under Habbari dynasty while Makran (Balochistan) under Caliphate. This Muslim rule continued for next 8 centuries under different Muslim dynasties.
1030		Alberuni arrives in Indian subcontinent; death of Mahmud Ghazni.[55]
1058		Muslim Rajput Soomra Dynasty ends the rule of Habbari dynasty and starts to rule on the behave of Abbasid Caliph.[56][57]
1092		Reign of Zainab Tari begins; first absolute female ruler in the history of South Asia as well as only female who ruled Sindh.[58]

12th century

Year	Date	Event
1175		Muhammad of Ghurid dynasty defeats Qarmatians rulers of Multan in 1175.[59][60]
1186		Muhammad Ghori along with Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad ends the rule of Ghaznavid dynasty after having captured Lahore.[61][62][63]
1191		"Victory of Prithviraj Chauhan". First Battle of Tarain fought between Muhammad Ghori and Prithviraj III. Ghori is defeated by Prithivi Raj Chauhan III.[64]
1192		"Victory of Muhammad Ghori". Second Battle of Tarain fought between Muhammad Ghori and Prithivi Raj Chauhan III. Chauhan is defeated by Muhammad Ghori.[64]
1193		Qutb al-Din Aibak becomes deputy of Ghurid Empire in Indian subcontinent.[65]

13th century

Year	Date	Event
1206	15 March	Khukhrains kill Muhammad Ghori during a raid on his camp on the Jhelum River.[66]
1206	12 June	End of Ghurid Era.
1206	25 June	Qutb-ud-din Aibak establishes Delhi Sultanate by becoming first Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate from Mamluk dynasty.[67]
1210	November	Qutb-ud-din Aibak died while playing polo.[68]
1210	December	Aram Shah becomes new Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[69]
1211	June	Shams ud-Din Iltutmish defeats Aram Shah in the Battle of Delhi and become third Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[70]
1221		Genghis Khan invades Punjab during rule of Iltutmish.
1236	30 April	Iltutmish dies and Rukn ud din Firuz become fourth Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[71]
1236	10 October	Razia Sultana abolishes the rule of Rukn ud din Firuz and become fifth Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[72]
1240	17 May	Muiz ud din Bahram becomes sixth Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[73]
1240	14 October	Murder of Razia Sultan by nobles of Chalisa.[74]
1242	15 May	Murder of Muiz ud din Bahram by army. Ala ud din Masud becomes seventh Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[75]
1246	10 June	Nasiruddin Mahmud becomes eighth Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate with the support of Corps of Forty.[71] Balban rules on the behave of Nasiruddin Mahmud as a deputy of empire.
1266	18 February	Nasiruddin Mahmud dies without any hier. Ghiyas ud din Balban becomes ninth Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[71]
1285		Delhi Sultanate decisively defeats the army of Mongol Empire at the battle of Beas River.[76]
1287	March	Muiz ud din Qaiqabad becomes tenth Sultan of Delhi Sultanate after the death of his grandfather Ghiyas ud din Balban.[77]
1290	1 February	Murder of Muiz ud din Qaiqabad by Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji, an army commander.[78] Shamsuddin Kayumars becomes eleventh Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.
1290	13 June	Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji ends the Mamluk Dynasty by murdering Shamsuddin Kayumars. Establishment of Khalji dynasty. Jalaluddin becomes twelfth Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[79]
1296	19 July	Alauddin Khalji murders Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji and become thirteen Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[79]
1296	October	Allauddin Khalji conquers Multan and eliminates all surviving members of his predecessor Jalaluddin Firuz Khalji.[80]
1297-1298		Mongol Army invades Punjab and Sindh but Delhi Sultanate decisively defeats them and crushes away from Pakistan.[81]
1298		Mongols once again invades Sindh and occupies fort of Sivistan but Delhi Sultanate decisively defeats them.[82]

14th century

Year	Date	Event
1316	4 January	Alauddin Khalji died due to severe illness.[83]
1316	5 January	Shihabuddin Omar succeeded Alauddin Khalji with the help of Malik Kafur and becomes the 14th Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[80]
1316	14 April	After the assassination of Malik Kafur, Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah detroned his brother Shihabuddin Omar and himself becomes 15th Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.[80]

CE

• 1351: Samma Dynasty assumed rule over Sindh
• 1398: Tamerlane plunders Lahore
• 1472: Sher Shah Suri (original name Farid Khan born in Multan)
• 1526 – 1857: Mughal ascendancy (1526–1707), nominal rule by Mughals (1707–1857)
• 1541 – 1545: Sher Shah Suri built the Rohtas Fort
• 1586: Yusufzais defeat Akbar in the Karakar pass^[84]
• 1701: Kalhoro Dynasty establishes its rule over Sindh
• 1739: Nadir Shah of Persia invades Mughal Empire
• 1751–52: Ahmed Shah Abdali annexes Punjab to his kingdom
• 1758–59: Maratha conquest of North-west India
• 1782: The Baloch tribe of Talpur defeats the last Kalhora ruler Mian Abdul Nabi in the battle of Halani
• 12 April 1801— 27 June 1839: Sikhs become dominant force in Punjab, Ranjit Singh rules (1799–1839),
• 1843: British defeat Talpurs in the battle of Miani and annex Sindh^[85]
• 29 March 1849: British defeat Sikhs and annex Punjab
• 1 November 1857 The British control most present-day Pakistan region and incorporate it as part of the British Indian Empire.
• 30 December 1906: A new political party All-India Muslim League formed to protect rights of Muslims in British Indian Empire.
• 1909: Muhammad Ali Jinnah was elected to the Legislative Council in 1909
• 1913: Prominent Muslim leader Muhammad Ali Jinnah, acknowledging that Hindu dominant Indian Congress failing to protect Indian Muslim rights, joined the All India Muslim League (AIML). Now he was member of both the political parties, later became leader of the All-India Muslim League and instrumental in the creation of Pakistan.
• 1920: Having disagreement with Gandhi on the issue of Swaraj (self-rule), complete freedom from the British and on using extra-constitutional means, Jinnah resigned from the Congress in 1920
• 1921:
  • MAO College Aligarh upgraded to Aligrah Muslim University
• 29 December 1930: Dr. Muhammad Allama Iqbal, a great Muslim philosopher and poet suggested creation of separate Muslim state in Indian sub-continent to protect Muslim population dominated by Hindu majority.
• 31 May 1935: A strong earthquake with a magnitude of 7.7 jolted Quetta killing over 50,000 people
• 14 August 1947: Pakistan is created.

Post-Independence

1940s

• 3 June 1947: British Government decides to separate British India, into two sovereign Dominions of India and Pakistan.
• 8 July Constituent Assembly of Pakistan approves the design of Pakistan.
• 26 July: The Gazette of India publishes that the first Constituent Assembly of Pakistan was given shape with 69 members (later on the membership was increased to 79), including one female member.
• 14 August: Pakistan became independent. Quaid-a-Azam took oath as the first Governor General of Pakistan. Liaqat Ali Khan took oath as the first Prime minister of Pakistan.
• 30 September: Pakistan becomes a member of the UN by an unanimous vote of the Security Council.
• 27 October: Indian Air troops land in Kashmir as the Maharajah declares accession of Kashmir to India.
• 1 January: UNO cease-fire orders to operate in Kashmir. War stops accordingly.
• 1 May: Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, Pakistan enters war on behalf of Kashmir against India.
• 1 July: Quaid-e-Azam inaugurated the State Bank of Pakistan.
• 11 September 1948: Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the first governor general of Pakistan, passes away.
• 1 January: United Nations Cease-fire Line established between Pakistan Administered Kashmir (GB & AJ&K) and Indian Administered Kashmir
• 8 February: Azad Kashmir Government shifts its capital to Muzaffarabad.
• 12 March 1949 : Objectives Resolution passed by Liaquat Ali Khan.
• 14 September: Khwaja Nazimuddin becomes 2nd Governor-General of Pakistan.

1950s

• 11 July 1950 Pakistan joins the International Monetary Fund and World Bank.
• 16 October 1951: First Prime Minister Liaqat Ali Khan assassinated in Liaqat National Bagh, Rawalpindi.
• 17 October 1951: Finance Minister Malik Ghulam Mohammad (1895–1956) of Muslim League becomes the third Governor General. Governor-General Khawaja Nazimuddin of Muslim League becomes the second Prime Minister.
• 21 August 1951: Pakistan and India agree on the boundary pact between East Bengal and West Bengal.
• 22 August 1951: A 24-hour telegraph telephone service is established between East Pakistan and West Pakistan.
• 24 December 1951: UN Security Council adopts the Anglo-American Resolution on Kashmir urging immediate demilitarization talks between India, Pakistan.
• 17 April 1953: Muhammad Ali Bogra is sworn as prime minister.
• 7 August 1954: Government of Pakistan approves the National Anthem, written by Abu Al-Asar Hafeez Jalandhari and composed by Ahmed G. Chagla.
• 21 September 1954: Constituent Assembly unanimously passes the resolution in favour of Urdu and Bengali as national languages.
• 24 October: 1954 Malik Ghulam Muhammad dissolved first constitutional assembly.
• 1955: Constitutional crisis, Mohammad Ali Bogra removed, new assembly, new cabinet.
• 7 August 1955: PM Mohammad Ali Bogra resigns after the election of Chaudhri Mohammad Ali.
• 6 October 1955: Governor-General Ghulam Mohammad's resignation is succeeded by Iskander Mirza.
• 1956: The Constituent Assembly promulgates first indigenous constitution
• 1956: Constituent Assembly decides the country shall be a Federal Republic known as Islamic Republic of Pakistan
• 16 December 1957: Malik Firoz Khan Noon is sworn in as seventh Prime Minister of Pakistan.
• 7 October 1958: After a military coup dictorial Ayub Khan takes over.
• 18 April 1959: The government takes over dailies The Pakistan Times, Imroze and weekly Lail-o-Nihar.

1960s

• 1960: Ayub Khan becomes first elected president
• 1 August 1960: Islamabad is declared as the principal seat of the Government of Pakistan.
• 8 June 1962: 1962 Constitution is promulgated. National Assembly elected. Ayub Khan takes oath of first President of Pakistan under new constitution.
• 2 January 1964: Fatima Jinnah lost the presidential elections, Ayub completes the second term.
• 6 September 1965: Second war between Pakistan and India over Kashmir.
• 10 January 1966: Pakistan and India sign the Tashkent Declaration to end hostilities.
• 30 November 1967: Pakistan Peoples Party founded by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in Lahore.
• 25 March 1969: Ayub Khan resigns; Yahya Khan declares martial law and assumes presidency.

1970s

• 7 December 1970: 1970 Pakistani general election were held on 7 December 1970, although the polls in East Pakistan, originally scheduled for October, were delayed by disastrous floods and rescheduled for later in December and January 1971.
• 1971: East Pakistan attempts to secede, leading to civil war; India intervenes in support of East Pakistanis; Pakistan fights another war with India; East Pakistan breaks away to become Bangladesh;
• 20 December 1971: Yahya Khan resigns.
• 1972: Karachi labour unrest of 1972 and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto becomes president.
• 14 March 1972: New education policy enforced. Free education in all private and public schools.
• 21 April 1972: Martial Law lifted; constitutional rule is restored in the country. Hamoodur Rahman is sworn in as Chief Justice of Pakistan.
• 10 April 1973: 1973 Constitution of Pakistan enacted by the National Assembly.
• 11 August 1973: Chaudhry Fazal Ilahi is elected as president.
• 14 August 1973: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto becomes prime minister. Constitution of Pakistan 1973 promulgated.
• 7 March 1977: 1977 Pakistani general election
• 5 July 1977: General Muhammad Zia ul-Haq overthrows prime minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and declares martial law.
• 11 June 1978: Altaf Hussain founded the All Pakistan Muhajir Student Organization (APMSO) in Karachi University.
• 16 September 1978: General Muhammad Zia ul-Haq becomes Pakistan's sixth president.
• 1979: The military ruler Zia Ul-Haq enacts the Hudood Ordinances.
• 4 April 1979: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto hanged.

1980s

• 26 May 1980: Establishment of Federal Shariat Court is announced.
• 23 March 1981: Provisional constitutional order enforced, replacing the 1973 constitution.
• 18 March 1984: Azeem Ahmed Tariq & Altaf Hussain founded the MQM (Muhajir Qaumi Movement) in Karachi and Hyderabad.
• 28 February 1985: General elections held; Muhammad Khan Junejo becomes prime minister.
• 31 December 1985: Martial Law is lifted, amended 1973 Constitution revived.
• 20 January 1988: Prominent Pashtun leader Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan dies in Peshawar.
• 10 April 1988: Army ammunition blown up in Ojheri camp, Rawalpindi; more than 100 people die.
• 29 May 1988: Zia dismisses Junejo's government;
• 17 August 1988: General Zia-ul-Haq is killed in a plane crash near Bahawalpur.
• 16 November 1988: New elections held; Benazir Bhutto becomes prime minister
• 30 September 1988: 1988 Hyderabad massacre
• 16 November 1988: 1988 Pakistani general election

1990s

• 6 August 1990: President Ghulam Ishaq Khan dismisses Benazir Bhutto government; Mian Nawaz Sharif becomes the next prime minister
• 24 October 1990: 1990 Pakistani general election
• 1991: Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif begins economic liberalisation programme.
• 16 May 1991: Islamic Shariah law formally incorporated into legal code.
• 19 June 1992: Pakistan Army started Operation Clean-up
• 18 July 1993: President Ghulam Ishaq Khan and Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif both resign under pressure from military. Benazir Bhutto becomes prime minister for the second time.
• 5 November 1996: President Farooq Leghari dismisses Bhutto government.
• 3 February 1997: 1997 Pakistani general election, Nawaz Sharif becomes prime minister for the second time.
• 28 May 1998: Pakistan conducts nuclear tests.
• 26 July 1999: Kargil War ends between Pakistan and India.
• 12 October 1999: Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif overthrown in military coup led by General Pervez Musharraf.

2000s

• 12 May 2000: Supreme Court validated the October 1999 coup and granted General Pervez Musharraf executive and legislative authority for three years.^[86]

2001

• 20 June: General Pervez Musharraf dismissed the president and named himself to the post.
• 15 July: Agra Summit starts. President Pervez Musharraf and Indian Prime Minister Vajpayee holds talks over long-standing issues.
• 14 August: New Local Government system installed, after holding of elections in three phases.
• 16 September: US Secretary of State Powell told that Pakistan's President Musharraf had agreed to support the U.S. anti-terrorist campaign.
• 10 November: US President Bush meets President Musharraf in New York and assures additional aid of one billion dollars.

2002

• 5 January: Musharraf stunned Vajpayee by a hand-shake at the last 11th SAARC summit in Kathmandu.
• 1 February: Wall Street Journal reporter, Daniel Pearl killed in Karachi.
• 16 March: War in North-West Pakistan begins.
• 30 April: General Pervez Musharraf wins a referendum thus ensures 5 more years in office.
• 8 May: 2002 Karachi bus bombing, 15 killed.
• 24 August: President General Musharraf issues the Legal Framework Order 2002.
• 10 October: 2002 Pakistani general election, First general elections since the 1999 military coup held.
• 23 November: Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali sworn in as Prime Minister.

2003

• 24 February: Senate elections: Ruling party wins most seats in voting to the upper house.
• 23 March: AAJ TV, Pakistan's premier channel inaugurated.
• 24 June: President Pervez Musharraf meets US President G.W. Bush in Camp David. US announces $3-billion five-year economic assistance package for Pakistan.
• 4 July: 2003 Quetta mosque bombing, 44 killed.
• 11 July: Lahore-Delhi bus service resumed after suspension of 18 months.
• 14 December: General Musharraf survived an assassination attempt in Rawalpindi.

2004

• 1 January: General Musharraf won a vote of confidence in the Senate, National Assembly, and provincial assemblies.
• 5 January: Musharraf meets Vajpayee in Islamabad, discusses Kashmir dispute.
• 22 May: Pakistan readmitted to Commonwealth.
• 26 June: Prime Minister Zafarullah Khan Jamali steps down and nominates Ch. Shujaat Hussain as his interim successor.
• 28 August: Shaukat Aziz becomes Prime Minister.

2005

Year	Date	Event
2005	13 July	136 people killed and about 170 injured in a collision of three passenger trains near Ghotki.
	14 July	NWFP Assembly passes the Hasba bill with a majority vote.
	19 July	Government of Pakistan launches country-wide crackdown against extremist elements.
	8 October	The 7.6 Mw  Kashmir earthquake affects Azad Kashmir with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe), killing more than 79,000 people and displacing several million more.
	11 October	Renowned littérateur, linguist and poet, Shanul Haq Haqqee, passes away in Toronto. He was 88.
2006	2 January	Dr. Shamshad Akhtar assumes office of State Bank Governor having the first woman Governor of SBP.
	14 May	Charter of democracy (CoD) is signed by two former prime ministers of Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif and Benazir Bhutto in London.
	26 April	Pervez Musharraf lays foundation-stone of Diamir-Bhasha dam.
	8 July	Process to release over 1600 women prisoners from 55 jails across starts after Presidential Ordinance.
	10 July	Noted poet, writer and columnist, Ahmed Nadeem Qasmi, passes away in Lahore. He was 89.
	26 August	Prominent Baloch leader and politician Sirdar Akbar Bugti killed by military
2007	9 March	President Musharraf dismissed Chief Justice of Pakistan, Iftikhar.
	3 July	Pakistani security forces started operation Sunrise to liberate Lal Masjid from the fundamentalist Islamic militants
	20 July	Iftikhar restored as Chief Justice of Pakistan.
	18 October	Bhutto, Benazir returned to Pakistan, after exile of about 8 years.
	3 November	Pervez Musharraf imposed emergency, most of the senior judges of Supreme Court ousted.
	16 November	After completion of 5 years, National Assembly dissolved, Caretaker government of Muhammad Mian Soomro took oath.
	25 November	Nawaz Sharif returned Pakistan after 7 years of forced exile.
	15 December	Emergency lifted, civil rights and suspended constitution restored
	27 December	Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto assassinated in Rawalpindi
2008	2 January	The Election Commission announces elections will now be held on February 18.
	18 February	Elections are held amidst tight security. PPP, PML-N, PML-N and ANP win 124, 91, 54 and 13 seats respectively.
	24 March	Yusuf Raza Gilani is elected as the new Prime Minister.
	18 August	Pervaiz Musharraf steps down as President of Pakistan. Mohammadmian Soomro takes over as president.
	6 September	Asif Zardari wins presidential election with 481 votes.
	9 September	Asif Zardari takes oath as President of Pakistan.

2007

• 11 July: Siege of Lal Masjid ends, which started on 3 July.
• 19 October: 2007 Karsaz bombing, 180 killed.
• 4 September: September 2007 bombings in Rawalpindi, 25 killed.
• 3 November: Pervez Musharraf imposed emergency, most of the senior judges of Supreme Court ousted.
• 27 December: Benazir Bhutto assassinated, aged 54. (b. 1953)

2008

• 9 February: 2008 Charsadda bombing, 27 killed.
• 6 July: 2008 Lal Masjid bombing, 18 policeman killed and 1 civilian.^[87]
• 18 August: Pervez Musharraf resigns.
• 21 August: 2008 Wah bombing, 70 killed.

2009

• 16 February: Pakistan government announces a truce with Taliban, accepting a system of Islamic law in the Swat valley, conceding the area as a Taliban sanctuary.
• 9 March: Militants attack bus with the touring Sri Lankan cricket team. All international cricket matches in Pakistan are suspended. Pakistan also loses its status as hosts for the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
• 16 March: As the result of long march Lawyers' Movement succeeded. Iftikhar Mohammed Chaudhry was restored as Chief Justice of Pakistan and other judges dismissed by Musharraf.
• 27 March: 2009 Jamrud mosque bombing, 48–70 killed.
• 23 May: Pakistan Army launched Operation Rah-e-Rast and cleared Swat valley of all Taliban elements. It is regarded as one of the most successful counter-insurgency operations in modern age (to 15 July)
• 4 April: 2009 Islamabad Frontier Corps post bombing, 5 killed.
• 5 April: 2009 Chakwal mosque bombing, more than 30 killed.
• 9 June: Pearl Continental hotel bombing, 17 killed.
• 20 October: 2009 International Islamic University bombing, 4 killed.
• 2 November: November 2009 Rawalpindi bombing, 35 killed.
• 4 December: December 2009 Rawalpindi attack, 40 killed.

2010s

2010

• 10 January: January 2010 Bajaur bombing, 16 killed.
• 3 February: February 2010 Lower Dir bombing, 8 killed.
• 5 February: February 2010 Karachi bombings, 25 killed.
• 18 February: February 2010 Khyber mosque bombing, 30 killed.
• 12 March: Lahore church bombings, more than 72 killed.
• 5 April: April 2010 U.S consulate and ANP attack, 50 killed.
• 5 April: 2010 Timergarah bombings, 46 killed.
• 10 April: Pakistan adopts the 18th amendment to the Constitution, stripping President Asif Ali Zardari of key powers.
• 17 April: April 2010 Kohat bombings, 58 killed.
• 19 April: 19 April 2010 Peshawar bombing. 25 killed.
• 28 May: 2010 Ahmadiyya mosques massacre, 87 killed.
• 1 July: July 2010 Lahore bombings, 50 killed.
• 9 July: Mohmand Agency bombing, 104 killed.
• 1 September: September 2010 Lahore bombings, 38 killed.
• 3 September: September 2010 Quetta bombing, 73 killed.
• 5 November: 2010 Darra Adam Khel mosque bombing, 66 killed.
• 25 December: December 2010 Bajaur bombing, 47 killed.

2011

• 3 April: 2011 Dera Ghazi Khan bombings, more than 50 killed.
• 2 May: The US Navy Seals killed Osama bin Laden in the city of Abbottabad.^[88]
• 12 June: June 2011 Peshawar bombings, more than 34 were killed.
• July – August: Mass target killing occurred killing ~344 people throughout Karachi.^[89]
• 19 August: 2011 Khyber Agency bombing, more than 48 killed.

2012

• 22 June: Raja Pervaiz Ashraf is elected as Prime Minister of Pakistan, following the disqualification of Yousaf Raza Gillani over a contempt of court conviction by the Supreme Court of Pakistan.^[90]

2013

• 10 January: January 2013 Quetta bombings, 130 killed.
• 7 May: 7 May 2013 Syed Janan election rally bombing, 18–25 killed.
• 11 May: 2013 Pakistani general election held
• 5 June: Nawaz Sharif is elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, following the Pakistan Muslim League (N)'s victory in the 2013 general elections for the 3rd time.
• 15 June: June 2013 Quetta attacks, 26 killed.
• 18 June: 2013 Mardan funeral bombing, 28 killed.
• 21 June: 2013 Peshawar mosque bombing, 15 killed.
• 30 July: Mamnoon Hussain is elected as the 12th President of Pakistan in 2013 Presidential elections.
• 8 August: August 2013 Quetta bombing, 31 killed.
• 22 September: Peshawar church bombing, 127 killed.
• 29 September: Qissa Khawani Bazaar bombing, 41 killed.

2014

• 7 January: Aitzaz Hasan died between Preventing suicide bomber attack at his school in Hangu District, sacrificed his own life to save the lives of hundreds of his mates.
• 19 January: 2014 Bannu bombing, 26 killed.
• 19 January: 2014 Rawalpindi suicide bombing, 14 killed.
• 11 February: Second occurrence in Peshawar cinema bombings, 13 killed. First occurrence was on 2 February, which killed 5.
• 3 March: Islamabad court attack, 11 killed.
• 10 October: Activist Malala Yousafzai becomes the first Pakistani to win the Nobel Peace Prize for her struggle to voice girls' right to education.^[91]
• 2 November: 2014 Wagah border suicide attack, 60 killed.
• 16 December: 2014 Peshawar school massacre, 148 killed.

2015

• 13 February: 2015 Peshawar mosque attack, 19 killed.
• 15 March: Lahore church bombings, 19 killed.
• 23 October: 2015 Jacobabad bombing, 22 killed.

2016

• 20 January: Bacha Khan University attack, 20 killed.
• 28 February: Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy won her second Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Subject for A Girl in the River: The Price of Forgiveness
• 16 March: 2016 Peshawar bus bombing, 15 killed
• 27 March: 2016 Lahore suicide bombing, 75 killed.
• 16 September: 2016 September Pakistan mosque bombing, 36 killed.
• 24 October: 2016 Peshawar bus bombing, 62 killed.
• 12 November: 2016 Khuzdar bombing, 47 killed.

2017

• 21 January: A bombing at a vegetable market in Parachinar, Pakistan leads to the death of 25 people.
• 9 February: 2017 Pakistan Super League began.

2018

• 27 May: The twenty-fifth amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan was approved by the Parliament of Pakistan and the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), giving way to the merger of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas into the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
• 25 July: 2018 Pakistani general election are held and Imran khan became Prime Minister of Pakistan with majority .

2019

• 26 February: Officially spurns Indian claims of Balakot airstrike
• 27 February: Pakistan Air Force shoots down two Indian warplanes in a skirmish and captured Indian pilot wing commander Abhinandan Varthaman
• 2 March: Pakistan released Abhinandan Varthaman and returned him to India in a simple ceremony via Wagha border.
• 5 August: India revoked article 370 of the constitution and partitioned the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
• 14 December: Named the top holiday destination for travelers for the year 2020 by the United States-based luxury and lifestyle publication Conde Nast Traveler.^[92]

See also

• Timeline of Karachi
• Timeline of Lahore
• Timeline of Peshawar

References

Bibliography

• Wright, Rita P. (2009), The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy, and Society, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-57219-4

External links

• National Fund For Cultural Heritage
• History Of Pakistan