Timeline of Gdańsk

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Gdańsk, Poland.

Middle Ages

Timeline of Gdańsk
Historical affiliations

Duchy of Poland 997–1025
Kingdom of Poland 1025–1227
Duchy of Pomerelia 1227–1282
Kingdom of Poland 1282–1308
Teutonic Order 1308–1410
Kingdom of Poland 1410–1411
Teutonic Order 1411–1454
Kingdom of Poland 1454–1569
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569–1793
Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1807
Free City of Danzig 1807–1814
Kingdom of Prussia 1814–1871
German Empire 1871–1918
Weimar Germany 1918–1920
Free City of Danzig 1920–1939
Nazi Germany 1939–1945
People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989
 Republic of Poland 1989–present

  • c. VII century - Settlement is established on the Motława river.
  • c. X century - Gdańsk becomes a defensive fort for Kashubian dukes.
  • 997 - Saint Adalbert baptises the citizens of urbs Gyddannyzc.
  • 1013 - Poland loses influence over the region.
  • 1047 - Casimir I takes back control over Gdańsk.
  • 1186 - Cistercians establish a monastery in Oliwa.
  • 1216 - Swiętopełk II takes control of Pomerania.
  • 1224 - Gdańsk granted city rights.[citation needed]
  • 1226 - Monastery in Oliwa is raided by pagan Old Prussians.[1]
  • 1227 - Dominican Monastery founded in Gdańsk.
  • 1253 - Oliwa is raided by the Teutonic Order.
  • 1260 - St. Dominic's Fair begins.
  • 1263 - The village of Wrzeszcz, today's borough of Gdańsk, mentioned for the first time.[2]
  • 1271 - First mention of Polanki and Przymorze.
  • 1294, 1295 - Visits of Polish King Przemysł II.[3]
  • 1308 - November 13: Teutonic takeover of Gdańsk.[4]
  • 1325 - Brzeźno is mentioned for the first time.
  • 1326 - St. Catherine's Church built.[5]
  • 1327 - Construction of the Gdańsk Town Hall begins.
  • 1343 - Casimir III the Great agrees to give Pomerelia to the Teutonic order.
  • 1346 - Gaol Tower built.[6]
  • 1350 - Artus Court built (approximate date).
  • 1360 - City joins Hanseatic League (approximate date).[5]
  • 1380 - First Scots settled in the city, founding what would eventually become a significant Scottish diaspora in Poland.[7]
  • 1391 - Foundation of the Marienbrunn Abbey.
  • 1410 - The city recognized Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło as rightful ruler.[8]
  • 1411 - The city came under Teutonic rule again.
  • 1416 - A revolt against the local government happens due to its weak management.
  • 1440 - City joins the anti-Teutonic Prussian Confederation.
  • 1454
    • 11 February: Townspeople captured the local castle.[9]
    • 6 March: City reincorporated to the Kingdom of Poland by King Casimir IV Jagiellon upon the request of the Prussian Confederation.[10]
    • March: City authorized by the Polish king to mint Polish coins.[11]
    • June: City solemnly pledged allegiance to the King in Elbląg, recognizing the Teutonic annexation and rule as unlawful.[12]
  • 1455 - Danzig law in effect (approximate date).
  • 1458 - Truce between Poland and Denmark signed, after Denmark initially sided with the Teutonic Knights in the Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466).[13]
  • 1463 - The fleets of Elbląg and Gdańsk defeat the Teutonics on the Vistula Lagoon.
  • 1465 - St. John's Church built.[5]
  • 1481 - Artus Court rebuilt.[6]
  • 1494 - Hall of the Brotherhood of St. George built.[6]
  • 16th to 18th centuries

    Battle of Oliwa (1627)

    19th century

    Siege by French-Polish-Italian-Saxon forces in 1807
    • 1807
    • 1813 - January–December 29: Siege of Danzig by Russian and Prussian forces.
    • 1814 - City becomes part of Prussia again.[4]
    • 1815 - City becomes administrative capital of Danzig (region).
    • 1831
      • October 18–19: 2nd and 4th Polish Cavalry Brigades of the November Uprising stopped near the city on their way to their final internment places.[19]
      • November 10: Several further cavalry units of the 1st and 2nd Polish Cavalry Brigades stopped near the city on their way to their final internment places.[20]
    • 1832
      • May: 52 Polish insurgents depart partitioned Poland on ship to Bordeaux, France (see Great Emigration).[21]
      • 23 June: Over 450 Polish insurgents depart partitioned Poland on ship to Bordeaux, France.[22][23]
      • Summer: Polish insurgents imprisoned by the Prussians at Biskupia Górka.[24]
      • Trade academy established.[25]
    • 1833, November - Over 500 Polish insurgents depart partitioned Poland on ships to France, the United Kingdom and the United States.[26]
    • 1852 - Königliche Werft Danzig in business.
    • 1871
      • City becomes part of German Empire.
      • Franciscan monastery building restored.[4]
    • 1880 - Westpreussische Provinzial-Museum opens.[27]
    • 1885 - Population: 114,805.[4]
    • 1887 - Great Synagogue built.[28]
    • 1896 - Old fortifications dismantled in north and west of city.[4]
    • 1899 - Harbor built at Neufahrwasser (Nowy Port).[4]
    • 1900 - Main railway station opens.
    Photochrome print from around 1900

    20th century

    1900–1939

    Aerial photo from circa 1920, showing St. Mary's Church

    World War II (1939–1945)

    German battleship SMS Schleswig-Holstein firing at the Polish Military Transit Depot during the battle of Westerplatte in September 1939
    • 1939
    • 1940
    • 1941
    • 1943–1944 - The local Polish resistance movement facilitated escapes of endangered Polish resistance members and British prisoners of war who fled from German POW camps via the city's port to neutral Sweden.[38]
    • 1944
      • August 26: The Germans established a subcamp of the Stutthof concentration camp at the main shipyard.[39]
      • August 27: AGSSt 32 and 33 assembly centers for Allied POWs established in the city by the Germans (later relocated).[40]
      • September 13: The Germans established a subcamp of the Stutthof concentration camp at the Schichau shipyard.[41]
      • October 16: The Germans established a subcamp of the Stutthof concentration camp on the Ostrów Island.[42]
      • October 18: Dulag 154 transit POW camp evacuated from Tapa in German-occupied Estonia to Gdańsk by the Germans.[43]
    • 1945
      • February: Most prisoners of the Schichau subcamp of the Stutthof concentration camp were evacuated towards Lębork, while some were sent back to Stutthof main camp; subcamp dissolved.[41]
      • March: The subcamps of the Stutthof concentration camp at the main shipyard and Ostrów Island were dissolved.[44]
      • March 27–30: City taken by forces of Soviet Union.
      • Gdańsk becomes part of Republic of Poland.

    1945–1990s

    Długi Targ and Main Town Hall in the 1950s
    Old Town with the Gdańsk Shipyard in the background in the 1990s

    21st century

    Ergo Arena
    Ulica Długa in 2015

    See also

    References

    1. ^ Labuda, Gerard (1993). "Chrystianizacja Pomorza (X–XIII stulecie)". Studia Gdańskie (in Polish). Vol. IX. Gdańsk-Oliwa. p. 54.
    2. ^ Kazimierz Małkowski, Stanisław Podgórczyk, Przewodnik po Trójmieście: Gdańsk – Sopot – Gdynia. Wyd. drugie poprawione i uzupełnione, Gdańsk, Wydawnictwo Morskie, 1979, p. 146 (in Polish)
    3. ^ Kodeks Dyplomatyczny Wielkopolski Vol. II, No. 726, 739
    4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Britannica 1910.
    5. ^ a b c d e f g "Dantsic", Northern Germany (5th ed.), Coblenz: Karl Baedeker, 1873, OCLC 5947482, OL 6935820M
    6. ^ a b c d e f Baedeker 1910.
    7. ^ Wijaczka, Jacek (2010). "Szkoci". In Kopczyński, Michał; Tygielski, Wojciech (eds.). Pod wspólnym niebem. Narody dawnej Rzeczypospolitej (in Polish). Warszawa: Muzeum Historii Polski, Bellona. p. 201. ISBN 978-83-11-11724-2.
    8. ^ Marian Biskup, Historia Gdańska t. I, p. 479–481 (in Polish)
    9. ^ "Kalendarz dat: 1454". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 July 2022.
    10. ^ Górski 1949, pp. 51, 56.
    11. ^ Górski 1949, p. 63.
    12. ^ Górski 1949, pp. 79–80.
    13. ^ "Kalendarz dat: 1458". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 16 July 2022.
    14. ^ a b c "Gdańsk". Szlak Kopernikowski (in Polish). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
    15. ^ "Ratusz Głównego Miasta". Muzeum Historyczne Miasta Gdańska (in Polish). Archived from the original on 14 March 2016.
    16. ^ a b "Historia" (in Polish). Wojewódzka i Miejska Biblioteka Publiczna w Gdansku. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
    17. ^ Jonasson, Gustav (1980). "Polska i Szwecja za czasów Jana III Sobieskiego". Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka (in Polish). XXXV (2). Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk: 240. ISSN 0037-7511.
    18. ^ Edmund Cieślak, Czesław Biernat, Dzieje Gdańska, Wydawn. Morskie, 1969, p. 370 (in Polish)
    19. ^ Kasparek, Norbert (2014). "Żołnierze polscy w Prusach po upadku powstania listopadowego. Powroty do kraju i wyjazdy na emigrację". In Katafiasz, Tomasz (ed.). Na tułaczym szlaku... Powstańcy Listopadowi na Pomorzu (in Polish). Koszalin: Muzeum w Koszalinie, Archiwum Państwowe w Koszalinie. p. 138.
    20. ^ Kasparek, p. 140
    21. ^ Kasparek, p. 176
    22. ^ Kasparek, p. 175
    23. ^ "Rozmaite wiadomości". Gazeta Wielkiego Xięstwa Poznańskiego (in Polish). No. 155. Poznań. 6 July 1832. p. 852.
    24. ^ Kasparek, p. 177
    25. ^ Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus (1865), "Danzig", Allgemeine Deutsche Real-Encyklopädie für die Gebildeten Stände (in German) (11th ed.), Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus
    26. ^ Kasparek, pp. 178–179
    27. ^ H. Conwentz (1905), Das Westpreussische Provinzial-Museum, 1880-1905 (in German), Danzig, OL 14002883M{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
    28. ^ "Gdansk". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Archived from the original on 2014-12-02.
    29. ^ "Dzieje Archiwum Panstwowego w Gdansku" (in Polish). Archiwum Panstwowe w Gdansku. Archived from the original on October 8, 2011. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
    30. ^ a b c Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 42.
    31. ^ Gliński, Mirosław. "Podobozy i większe komanda zewnętrzne obozu Stutthof (1939–1945)". Stutthof. Zeszyty Muzeum (in Polish). 3: 165. ISSN 0137-5377.
    32. ^ Wardzyńska, p. 86
    33. ^ "Zigeunerlager Danzig". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 19 September 2021.
    34. ^ a b Daniluk, Jan. "Stalag XX B Marienburg: geneza i znaczenie obozu jenieckiego w Malborku-Wielbarku w latach II wojny światowej". In Grudziecka, Beata (ed.). Stalag XX B: historia nieopowiedziana (in Polish). Malbork: Muzeum Miasta Malborka. p. 8. ISBN 978-83-950992-2-9.
    35. ^ Gliński, p. 167–168
    36. ^ Daniluk, pp. 8–9
    37. ^ Gliński, p. 166, 168
    38. ^ Chrzanowski, Bogdan. "Organizacja sieci przerzutów drogą morską z Polski do Szwecji w latach okupacji hitlerowskiej (1939–1945)". Stutthof. Zeszyty Muzeum (in Polish). 5: 30, 33–34. ISSN 0137-5377.
    39. ^ Gliński, p. 175
    40. ^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
    41. ^ a b Gliński, p. 176
    42. ^ Gliński, p. 179
    43. ^ Megargee; Overmans; Vogt, p. 91
    44. ^ Gliński, p. 175, 179
    45. ^ Piotr Czartoryski-Sziler. "You have waited a long time, Poland". Retrieved 11 June 2020.
    46. ^ a b "Inka Monument". Europe Remembers. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
    47. ^ Kubasiewicz, Izabela (2013). "Emigranci z Grecji w Polsce Ludowej. Wybrane aspekty z życia mniejszości". In Dworaczek, Kamil; Kamiński, Łukasz (eds.). Letnia Szkoła Historii Najnowszej 2012. Referaty (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 114.
    48. ^ "Na Politechnice Gdańskiej odsłonięto tablicę w hołdzie gdańszczanom popierającym Węgrów w 1956 roku. Wojewoda pomorski: "Będzie studentom przypominała o historii i walce o niepodległość"". Radio Gdańsk (in Polish). 26 October 2021. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
    49. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
    50. ^ Marek Adamkowicz. "Gdańsk. Pomnik Marii Konopnickiej na razie zostanie na skwerze". Dziennik Bałtycki. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
    51. ^ "FETA". Gdańsk. Archived from the original on November 14, 2011. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
    52. ^ "W Gdańsku otwarto Europejskie Centrum Solidarności" (in Polish). Onet.pl. 31 August 2014. Archived from the original on 13 December 2015.
    53. ^ Gentle, Peter (20 September 2014). "Bomb scare disrupts Gdansk Shakespeare theatre opening". thenews.pl. Polish Radio External Service.
    54. ^ "Otwarcie Konsulatu Honorowego Bułgarii w Gdańsku". Pomorski Urząd Wojewódzki w Gdańsku (in Polish). 14 December 2015. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
    55. ^ "Grave of Danuta Siedzikówna, alias 'Inka'". Liberation Route.com. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
    56. ^ "W Gdańsku odsłonięto Pomnik Żołnierzy Wyklętych". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). 10 May 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
    57. ^ "Ku pamięci Polaków zamordowanych w Ponarach pod Wilnem. Uroczystości na Cmentarzu Łostowickim". gdansk.pl (in Polish). 10 May 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
    58. ^ "Odsłonięcie pomnika rotmistrza Pileckiego w Gdańsku". gdansk.gosc.pl (in Polish). 17 September 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2022.
    59. ^ "Ołtarz Pietas Domini po 78 latach wrócił do Polski". Portal Gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 19 September 2021.
    60. ^ "Otwarcie Konsulata Generalnego Węgier w Gdańsku". Konsulat Generalny Węgier w Gdańsku (in Polish). Retrieved 16 July 2022.

    Bibliography

    In English

    • Thomas Bartlett (1841). "Dantzic". New Tablet of Memory; or, Chronicle of Remarkable Events. London: Thomas Kelly.
    • "Danzig", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 4, New York, 1907, hdl:2027/osu.32435029752912{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
    • "Danzig", Northern Germany (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 78390379
    • "Danzig" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 824–825.
    • Szymon Askenazy (1921), Dantzig & Poland, London: G. Allen & Unwin, Ltd., OCLC 2181707, OL 6638482M
    • "Historic Danzig: Last of the City-States", National Geographic Magazine, vol. 76, Washington DC, 1939
    • "Poland: Gdansk", Eastern and Central Europe (17th ed.), Fodor's, 1996, OL 7697674M
    • George Lerski (1996). "Gdansk". Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-03456-5.
    • Piotr Wróbel (1998). "Gdansk". Historical Dictionary of Poland 1945-1996. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-135-92694-6.

    In other languages

    • Johannes Bolte (1895), Das Danziger Theater im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert [Danzig Theatre in the 16th and 17th Centuries] (in German), Hamburg: L. Voss, OL 23292860M
    • Max Foltz (1912), Geschichte des Danziger Stadthaushalts [History of the Danzig City Budget] (in German), Danzig: A.W. Kafemann, OCLC 12495569, OL 6557575M
    • P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Danzig". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
    • Górski, Karol (1949). Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych (in Polish). Poznań: Instytut Zachodni.
    • Wolfgang Adam; Siegrid Westphal, eds. (2012). "Danzig". Handbuch kultureller Zentren der Frühen Neuzeit: Städte und Residenzen im alten deutschen Sprachraum (in German). De Gruyter. pp. 275+. ISBN 978-3-11-029555-9.

    External links

    • Links to fulltext city directories for Gdansk via Wikisource
    • Europeana. Items related to Gdansk, various dates.
    • Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Gdansk, various dates
    • "Danzig Collection". New York: Jewish Museum. Archived from the original on 2013-04-15.

    54°21′N 18°40′E / 54.350°N 18.667°E / 54.350; 18.667

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