Timeline of Cambridge

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cambridge, England.

Prior to 16th century

• 973 – Market active^[1]
• c. 1000–50 – St Bene't's Church built
• 1068 – Cambridge Castle erected
• 1101 – Town incorporated^[2]
• c. 1130 – Holy Sepulchre church built
• 1144 – Cambridge is sacked by Geoffrey de Mandeville^{[3]: 75 [4]}
• 1154 – Cambridge fair active^[1]
• 1200 – Charter granted^[5]
• 1209 – University of Cambridge established by scholars from Oxford^[6]
• 1211 – Stourbridge fair first recorded
• 1213 – Hervey FitzEustace, first recorded mayor^[7]
• c. 1215 – Richard of Wetheringsett, first Chancellor of the University of Cambridge^[8]
• 1231 – The University is recognised by a writ of authority over its townspeople from Henry III^[9]
• 1233 – A letter from Pope Gregory IX grants privileges to the University's scholars^[10]
• 1261 – Cambridge academics attempt to set up a university of Northampton, suppressed by the Crown in 1265^[11]
• 1266 – Raided by Barons who had been disinherited after the Battle of Evesham, and the murder of the Jews in the town^[3]: 75
• 1275 – Expulsion of the town's Jews by Queen Dowager Eleanor of Provence^[3]: 82
• 1284 – University's Peterhouse college founded^[12]
• 1326 – Clare College founded^[13]
• 1347 – Pembroke College founded^[12]
• 1348 – Gonville & Caius College founded^[13]
• 1350 – Trinity Hall college founded^[13]
• 1352 – Corpus Christi College founded^[13]
• 1381 – Disorder during the Peasants' Revolt^[3]: 75
• 1416 – University Library exists by this date
• 1441 – King's College founded^[13]
• 1446 – Foundation stone of King's College Chapel laid
• 1448 – Queens' College founded^[13]
• 1473 – St. Catherine College founded^[13]
• 1496 – Jesus College founded^[13]

16th-18th centuries

• 1505 – Christ's College founded^[13]
• 1511 – St John's College established^[12]
• 1515 – King's College Chapel fan vault completed
• 1521 – John Siberch is active as a printer, the earliest known here^[14]
• 1525 – Robert Barnes gives probably the first openly evangelical sermon in an English church, at St Edward King and Martyr
• 1534 – University Press granted a royal charter
• 1542 – Magdalene College founded
• 1546 – Trinity College founded^[12]
• 1556 – John Hullier burned as a Protestant on Jesus Green
• 1584 – Emmanuel College founded^[13]
• 1595 – Sidney Sussex College founded^[13]
• 1615 – Perse School founded
• 1638 – Cambridge, Massachusetts named^[15]
• 1640 – Oliver Cromwell elected Member of Parliament for Cambridge^[16]
• 1667 – Eagle and Child pub in business
• 1695 – Wren Library at Trinity College completed
• 1730 – University's Senate House completed
• 1744 – Cambridge Journal and Weekly Flying Post begins publication^[17]
• 1747 – Shire-hall built^[2]
• 1749 – Mathematical Bridge built at Queens' College
• 1762 – Cambridge Chronicle newspaper begins publication^[18]
• 1766 – Addenbrooke's Hospital founded
• 1784 – Society for Promoting Useful Knowledge established^[19]
• 1793
  • Cambridge Intelligencer newspaper begins publication^[17]
  • Cambridge Quarters composed for new clock of the Church of St Mary the Great

19th century

• 1800 – Downing College founded^[13]
• 1816 – Fitzwilliam Museum founded
• 1817 – Cambridge Town Club (cricket club) formed^{[citation needed]}
• 1828
  • Bull Hotel in business
  • Cambridge University Boat Club founded
• 1829 – The Boat Race, rowed against Oxford, begins^[12] (annual from 1856)
• 1831 – Bridge of Sighs built over the Cam at St John's College
• 1833 – The Pitt Building built in honour of William Pitt the Younger, an undergraduate of Pembroke College and Prime Minister, to house the printing and publishing offices of Cambridge University Press
• 1833 – Anatomy theatre attacked by a mob^[20]
• 1839 – Cambridge Advertiser newspaper begins publication^[21]
• 1840 – Cambridge Antiquarian Society founded
• 1841 – Cambridge's first post-reformation Roman Catholic church opens as St Andrew's Church
• 1845 – Eastern Counties Railway begins operating to Cambridge railway station^[5]
• 1848 – Mill Road Cemetery established
• 1858 – Cambridge School of Art founded
• 1854 – Deighton, Bell & Co. booksellers in business^[22]
• 1869 – Girton College for women founded^[12]
• 1871 – Newnham College for women founded
• 1874 – Cavendish Laboratory completed
• 1876 – W. Heffer bookseller begins business as a stationer
• 1880
  • Cambridge Street Tramways begin operation
  • St Radegund pub built on part of the site of the Garrick Hotel
• 1881 – Ridley Hall and Westcott House theological colleges founded
• 1883 – Footlights student amateur dramatic club founded
• 1884 – Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology founded
• 1888 – Cambridge Daily News begins publication^[23]
• 1890
  • Our Lady and the English Martyrs Church consecrated
  • Victoria Avenue Bridge built
• 1894 – Homerton College, a Congregationalist teacher training college, moves to Cambridge
• 1896 – Pye Ltd established as scientific instrument makers by W. G. Pye
• 1897 – Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria^[24]
• 1899 – Westminster College, a Presbyterian theological college, moves to Cambridge

20th century

• 1901 – Population: 38,379^[25]
• 1908 – Cambridge Town F.C. formed^[26]
• 1912
  • Cambridge United F.C. established as Abbey United
  • University's Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences opens
• 1914 – Cambridge Street Tramways cease operation
• 1918 – First Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols held at King's College^[27]
• c 1921 – Fitzbillies bakery opened by Ernest and Arthur Mason in Trumpington Street
• 1922 – War Memorial unveiled^[28]
• 1923 – Jesus Green Swimming Pool opens
• 1928 – Cambridge Preservation Society founded^[29]
• 1934 – New University Library completed
• 1938 – Cambridge Airport opens
• 1939 – London educational institutions evacuated to Cambridge: Queen Mary College to King's College (until 1945); London Hospital Medical College (until 1943) and The Bartlett (until 1945) to St Catharine's College; SOAS to Christ's College; London School of Economics to Peterhouse (until 1945); Bedford College to Newnham College (until 1944); and Barts to Queens' College (until 1946)^[30]
• 1948 – First women admitted to study for full academic degrees in the University but have no associated privileges^[31]
• 1949
  • University's Cambridge Bibliographical Society founded^[32]
  • University of Cambridge's Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator begins operating
• 1951 – City charter granted^[33]
• 1954 – Murray Edwards College for women founded as New Hall
• 1956 – Kettle's Yard established by Jim Ede
• 1957 – Twinned with Heidelberg
• 1958 – Churchill College established
• 1960 – Cambridge Consultants founded
• 1964
  • Darwin College for graduates founded
  • Cambridge Folk Festival begins
• 1965
  • Lucy Cavendish College for mature women founded
  • Wolfson College for mature students founded as University College
• 1966
  • Clare Hall for graduates established
  • Fitzwilliam College chartered as a college
• 1970
  • February: Garden House riot
  • Heffer's open a flagship bookshop in Trinity Street
• 1972
  • Three previously all-male colleges of the University admit women undergraduates
  • Cambridge Theological Federation formed^[34]
• 1974
  • First Strawberry Fair held^[35]
  • First Cambridge Beer Festival held
• 1975 – University's Cambridge Science Park founded^[12]
• 1976
  • Sancton Wood School founded
  • First Andy's Records store opened in Mill Road
• 1977 – Robinson College founded
• 1989 – Cambridge Fun Run (footrace) begins
• 1990
  • Royal Greenwich Observatory relocated to Cambridge from Herstmonceux Castle
  • ARM Holdings established as Advanced RISC Machines Ltd
• 1992 – Anglia Ruskin University is established as a public university
• 1998 – Abcam established

21st century

• 2003 – University's Centre for Mathematical Sciences completed in West Cambridge
• 2006
  • Local Plan 2006 (town planning) adopted^[36][37]
  • Cambridge International School established
• 2007 – The Centre for Computing History is established
• 2009 – Anne Jarvis becomes first woman University Librarian of the University of Cambridge
• 2010 – Homerton College chartered as a full college of the University of Cambridge
• 2011 – Phase One of the Cambridgeshire Guided Busway opens^[38]
• 2013 – North West Cambridge development planned
• 2016 – New global headquarters for AstraZeneca projected for completion
• 2017 – Cambridge North railway station opens^[39]
• 2019 – Sonita Alleyne becomes the first black woman elected as head of an Oxbridge college, Master of Jesus

See also

• History of Cambridge
• History of University of Cambridge
• History of Cambridgeshire

References

Further reading

• Cambridge by M.A.R. Tuker in multiple formats at gutenberg.org
• Cantabrigia depicta. A concise and accurate description of the university and town of Cambridge, and its environs. Cambridge: W. Thurlbourn & J. Woodyer. 1763.

Published in the 19th century

1800s-1840s

• Robert Watt (1824). "Cambridge". Bibliotheca Britannica. Vol. 3. Edinburgh: A. Constable. hdl:2027/nyp.33433089888832. OCLC 961753.
• David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Cambridge". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
• Cambridge Guide. Cambridge: J. & J.J. Deighton. 1837.
• Charles Henry Cooper (1842–1908), Annals of Cambridge, Cambridge: University Press, OL 7034095M
  • v.2
  • v.3
  • v.5, 1850-1856
• John Le Keux; Thomas Wright; Harry Longueville Jones (1847), Memorials of Cambridge, London: David Bogue, OL 7020615M + v.2
• Samuel Lewis (1848), "Cambridge", Topographical Dictionary of England (7th ed.), London: S. Lewis and Co.

1850s-1890s

• "Cambridge". Slater's Royal National and Commercial Directory and Topography of the Counties of Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Norfolk, Oxfordshire, and Suffolk. London: Isaac Slater. 1850.
• Pictorial Guide to Cambridge. Cambridge: John Hatt. 1853.
• George Measom (1865), "Cambridge", Official Illustrated Guide to the Great Eastern Railway, London: C. Griffin and Co.
• New Cambridge guide. Cambridge: W. Metcalfe. 1868.
• "Cambridge", Handbook for Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk, and Cambridgeshire (2nd ed.), London: J. Murray, 1875
• Spalding's street and general directory of Cambridge, 1878
• John Parker Anderson (1881), "Cambridgeshire: Cambridge", Book of British Topography: a Classified Catalogue of the Topographical Works in the Library of the British Museum Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, London: W. Satchell
• George Murray Humphry (1890). Guide to Cambridge: the town, university and colleges. Cambridge: Spalding.
• Thomas Dinham Atkinson (1897), Cambridge described and illustrated, London: Macmillan, OL 7049287M
• Charles Gross (1897). "Cambridge". Bibliography of British Municipal History. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co.

Published in the 20th century

1900s-1940s

• Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cambridge (England)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 90–96.
• Robert Donald, ed. (1907). "Cambridge". Municipal Year Book of the United Kingdom for 1907. London: Edward Lloyd.
• Arthur Gray (1908), The dual origin of the town of Cambridge, Cambridge: Cambridge Antiquarian Society, OCLC 14031217, OL 14005338M
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Cambridge", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
• John Willis Clark (1916), Concise Guide to the Town and University of Cambridge (5th ed.), Cambridge: Bowes and Bowes, OL 23290297M
• Mildred Anna Rosalie Tuker (1922), Cambridge, London: A. and C. Black, OL 7159514M
• Edward Godfrey Cox (1949). "Cambridge and Oxford". Reference Guide to the Literature of Travel. Vol. 3: Great Britain. Seattle: University of Washington. hdl:2027/mdp.39015049531448 – via Hathi Trust.

1950s-1990s

• J.P.C. Roach, ed. (1959), "City and University of Cambridge", History of the County of Cambridgeshire, Victoria County History, vol. 3, University of London, Institute of Historical Research
• Jeremy C. Mitchell & James Cornford (1977). "The Political Demography of Cambridge 1832–1868". Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies. 9 (3): 242–272. doi:10.2307/4048348. JSTOR 4048348.
• Nigel Goose (1980). "Household Size and Structure in Early-Stuart Cambridge". Social History. 5 (3): 347–385. doi:10.1080/03071028008567485. JSTOR 4285009.
• James E. Bradley (1984). "Religion and Reform at the Polls: Nonconformity in Cambridge Politics, 1774–1784". Journal of British Studies. 23 (2): 55–78. doi:10.1086/385818. JSTOR 175427. S2CID 144581227.
• R.B. Dobson (1990–1992). "The Jews of Medieval Cambridge". Jewish Historical Studies. 32: 1–24. JSTOR 29779882.
• Nick Mansfield (1993). "Grads and Snobs: John Brown, Town and Gown in Early Nineteenth-Century Cambridge". History Workshop (35): 184–198. JSTOR 4289213.
• "Daytrips from London: Cambridge". London. Let's Go. 1993. p. 225+. ISBN 9780312082420.
• Nicola Morrison (1998). "The compact city: theory versus practice – the case of Cambridge". Netherlands Journal of Housing and the Built Environment. 13 (2): 157–179. doi:10.1007/BF02497227. JSTOR 41107742. S2CID 154424423.
• Wilkinson, Patrick, (1981) Le Keux's Engravings of Victorian Cambridge (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) ISBN 9780521303507

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Cambridge.

• "Cambridgeshire", Historical Directories, UK: University of Leicester. Includes digitized directories of Cambridge, various dates
• Digital Public Library of America. Works related to Cambridge, various dates

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