The Golden Coach
| The Golden Coach | |
|---|---|
 Film poster for The Golden Coach | |
| Directed by | Jean Renoir |
| Screenplay by |
|
| Based on | Le Carrosse du Saint-Sacrement 1829 play by Prosper Mérimée |
| Produced by | Francesco Alliata |
| Starring | |
| Cinematography | Claude Renoir |
| Edited by | David Hawkins Mario Serandrei |
| Music by | Antonio Vivaldi |
| Distributed by | Les Films Corona |
Release dates |
|
Running time | 103 min |
| Countries |
|
| Language | English |
| Budget | $500,000[1] |
The Golden Coach (French: Le Carrosse d'or; Italian: La carrozza d'oro) is a 1952 film directed by Jean Renoir that tells the story of a commedia dell'arte troupe in 18th-century Peru. The screenplay was written by Renoir, Jack Kirkland, Renzo Avanzo and Giulio Macchi, and is based on the 1829 play Le Carrosse du Saint-Sacrement (The Coach of the Blessed Sacrament), by Prosper Mérimée. It stars Anna Magnani, Odoardo Spadaro and Duncan Lamont.
Plot
The Viceroy of a remote 18th-century Peruvian town has purchased a magnificent golden coach from Europe. The Viceroy hints of his intention to give the coach to his mistress, the Marquise, but has decided to pay for it with public funds, since he plans to use it to overawe the populace and flatter the local nobility, who enthusiastically look forward to taking turns parading in it. By coincidence, the coach arrives on the same ship that carries an Italian commedia dell'arte troupe composed of men, women and children who perform as singers, actors, acrobats and comics. The troupe is led by Don Antonio, who also portrays the stock character of Pantalone on stage, and features Camilla, who plays the stock role of Columbina.
Once members of the troupe refurbish the town's dilapidated theater, their performances meet with success only after local hero, Ramon, a toreador, becomes smitten with Camilla and starts leading the applause. Similarly, after a command performance at the Viceroy's palace, the gentry withhold their favor until the Viceroy signals his approval and asks to meet the women of the company. He, too, is taken with Camilla, who is the only person who makes him feel comfortable and light-hearted. He gives her a splendid necklace, which enrages her jealous suitor, Felipe, who has been accompanying the troupe on their travels. Felipe attacks Camilla and causes a riotous backstage brawl, after which he runs off to join the army.
The Viceroy has become infatuated with Camilla and announces that he has decided to pay for the coach with his own money, in order to give it to her as a love gift. This outrages the Marquise along with the rest of the nobility, who are already smarting over the Viceroy's demands for money to finance military defenses against an insurgency. Led by the Duc de Castro, they threaten to strip the Viceroy of his post, an action that can only succeed if endorsed by the country's Bishop. When the Viceroy vacillates in the face of this intimidation, Camilla spurns him in disgust.
After watching a triumphant performance by Ramon in the bullring, Camilla impetuously gives him her necklace, which emboldens him to visit her lodging that night and propose that they become a celebrity couple in order to enhance their earning power as performers. There he encounters Felipe, who has returned from extended army service in order to reclaim Camilla and take her away with him to live a simple life among the natives. While the two men fight each other with swords, the Viceroy arrives to tell Camilla that he has defied the nobility and is giving her the coach, which she can claim from him immediately. Upon questioning, he admits to her that he expects the Bishop, who arrives on the morrow, to approve the nobles' plan to depose him. Felipe and Ramon are arrested for dueling in public.
All is resolved the next morning when Camilla gives the coach to the Bishop as a gesture of piety. The Bishop announces his plan to use the coach to transport the sacraments to sick and dying peasants and calls for peace and reconciliation among all the disputing parties. As the curtain falls, Don Antonio reminds Camilla that, as an actress, she is only able to realize her true self when she is performing on the stage.
Cast
- Anna Magnani as Camilla
- Odoardo Spadaro as Don Antonio
- Nada Fiorelli as Isabella
- Dante (Harry August Jensen) as Arlequin
- Duncan Lamont as Ferdinand, The Viceroy
- George Higgins as Martinez
- Ralph Truman as Duc de Castro
- Gisella Mathews as Marquise Irene Altamirano
- Raf De La Torre as The Chief Justice
- Elena Altieri as Duchesse de Castro
- Paul Campbell as Felipe
- Riccardo Rioli as Ramon, the Toreador
- William Tubbs as Aubergiste, the Innkeeper
- Jean Debucourt as The Bishop
Production
The film was shot at Cinecittà in Rome, with cinematography by Claude Renoir and music by Antonio Vivaldi.[2] It was the first Italian film shot in Technicolor.[3] A French-Italian co-production, it was filmed in English. A shoot in French was planned as well, but it had to be abandoned due to financial problems.[4] Renoir let his assistant director Marc Maurette direct the dubbing in French. The French version was the first to appear in theaters. An Italian version was also made.
Renoir repeatedly preferred the English version:[5] it was the only one to be restored in 2012. François Truffaut reportedly referred to The Golden Coach as "the noblest and most refined film ever made".[2]
"In its own time, The Golden Coach was an international failure in all three language versions with both the critics and the public."[5] "Seen today by the international community of cinephiles as a truly 'beauteous' and 'ravishing' comic fantasy from Jean Renoir's late period, The Golden Coach can best be appreciated as an illustrious filmmaker's elegant tribute to the theater. The 'comedy'... is based... on a clear-eyed vision of art's denial of 'normal' life. Instead of seeking the nonexistent 'psychology' of the characters, one must follow the flowing images as a mobile painting driven by Magnani and Vivaldi across the canvas of an Italianate spectacle. Éric Rohmer has described The Golden Coach as 'the open sesame' of all Renoir's work. The two customary poles of his work—art and nature, acting and life—take shape in two facing mirrors, which reflect each other's images back and forth until it is impossible to tell where one ends and the other begins."[5]
Tony Richardson was scathing about elements of the film, criticizing its construction, narrative, presentation, dialogue and acting ("it ranges, with one exception, from the inadequate to the atrocious"). However, he went on, "the creative personality revealed by the film, for all its flaws, is so utterly charming. Visually the film (photographed by Claude Renoir) is breath-taking". He also cited one scene as "miraculous", where the comedians convert the inn courtyard into a theatre. "It is an old man's vision smoothing away all difficulties of the wonder of artistic creation itself".[6]
References
- ^ "Foreign Made 'Coach' Tests Plan on Pix Prod Aiming for US Release". Variety. 17 September 1952. p. 7.
- ^ a b Schneider, Steven Jay (1 October 2012). 1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die 2012. Octopus Publishing Group. p. 275. ISBN 978-1-84403-733-9.
- ^ "Four Major Italo Pix Acquired For IFE Skeds". Variety. August 26, 1953. p. 7. Retrieved March 14, 2024 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Mérigeau, Pascal (2012). Jean Renoir. Grandes biographies. Flammarion. ISBN 9782081210554.
- ^ a b c Sarris, Andrew (2 August 2004). "The Golden Coach". Criterion.com. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
- ^ Tony Richardson. The Golden Coach, review. Sight and Sound, April - June 1954, Vol.23 No.4, p198.
External links
- The Golden Coach at IMDb
- The Golden Coach at AllMovie
- The Golden Coach at the TCM Movie Database
- The Golden Coach an essay by Andrew Sarris at the Criterion Collection