Stanley G. Payne

Stanley G. Payne
Born (1934-09-09) September 9, 1934 (age 89)
Denton, Texas, United States
OccupationHistorian
TitleProfessor Emeritus
Academic background
Education
Websitehttps://history.wisc.edu/people/payne-stanley/

Stanley George Payne (born September 9, 1934) is an American historian of modern Spain and European fascism at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He retired from full-time teaching in 2004 and is currently Professor Emeritus at its Department of History.[1]

Work

Known for his typological description of fascism, Payne is a specialist in the Spanish fascist movement and has also produced comparative analyses of Western European fascism. He asserts that there were some specific ways in which Nazism paralleled Russian communism to a much greater degree than Fascism was capable of doing. Payne does not propound the theory of "red fascism" or the notion that communism and Nazism are essentially the same. He states that Nazism more nearly paralleled Russian communism than any other noncommunist system has.[2][3]

In the 1960s, his books were published in Spanish by Éditions Ruedo ibérico (ERi), a publishing company set up by Spanish Republican exiles in Paris, France, to publish works forbidden in Spain by the Francoist regime ruling the country at the time. He has been referred to by some historians as a revisionist due to his views.[4] One of his more famous books is Spanish Civil War, The Soviet Union and Communism, which analyzes Joseph Stalin and the Soviet government's intervention in Spain. He also wrote The Franco Regime, The Spanish Civil War and A History of Fascism 1914–1945.

Payne uses a lengthy itemized list of characteristics to identify fascism, including the creation of an authoritarian state; a regulated, state-integrated economic sector; fascist symbolism; anti-liberalism; anti-communism, and anti-conservatism.[5] He sees elimination of the autonomy or, in some cases, complete existence of large-scale capitalism as the common aim of all fascist movements.[6]

After a long shift towards Neo-Francoism,[7] in 2014 he ended up publishing the hagiography Franco. A Personal and Political Biography with Jesús Palacios, a former member of the now-banned Neo-Nazi group CEDADE.[8] Since then, he has been considered an iconic figure in Francoist revisionism,[9][10][11] a stance exacerbated by several more books whitewashing Francoism and the Spanish Empire, as well as his continued support for the far-right[12][13][14] party Vox.[15]

Education

Payne received his bachelor's degree from Pacific Union College in 1955. He went on to earn a masters from Claremont Graduate School and University Center in 1957 and a doctorate (Ph.D.) from Columbia University in 1960.

Books

References

  1. ^ Curriculum vitae and photo at Department of History, University of Wisconsin–Madison
  2. ^ The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. Routledge. 2002. p. 67
  3. ^ Stanley G. Payne. Fascism: Comparison and Definition. University of Wisconsin Press. 1983. ISBN 978-0299080648. pp. 102–104
  4. ^ Ángel Viñas (ed.), Sin respeto por la historia [extraordinary issue of Hispania Nova] 2015
  5. ^ Payne, Stanley (1980). Fascism: Comparison and Definition. University of Wisconsin Press, p. 7
  6. ^ Payne, Stanley G. (1995). A history of fascism, 1914–1945. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-0299148706. Retrieved 7 February 2022. What fascist movements had in common was the aim of a new functional relationship for the social and economic systems, eliminating the autonomy (or, in some proposals, the existence) of large-scale capitalism and major industry ...
  7. ^ Rodríguez Jiménez, Francisco J. (2015). "Stanley G. Payne: ¿Una trayectoria académica ejemplar?". Hispania Nova (1). Getafe: Universidad Carlos III de Madrid: 24–54. ISSN 1138-7319.
  8. ^ Reig Tapia, Alberto (2015). "La sombra de Franco es alargada". Hispania Nova. Revista de Historia Contemporánea. 1 (Extraordinario). Getafe: Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. ISSN 1138-7319.
  9. ^ "Aguirre y González subvencionaron con 300.000 euros a la fundación de Abascal" (in Spanish). Servimedia. 27 January 2019. Retrieved December 4, 2023.
  10. ^ Gil Pecharromán, Julio (11 November 2014). "Revisionismo amable". Revista de Libros (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 5 May 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  11. ^ Robledo, Ricardo (2015-01-31). "De leyenda rosa e historia científica: notas sobre el último revisionismo de la Segunda República". Cahiers de civilisation espagnole contemporaine. De 1808 au temps présent (in Spanish) (2/2015). doi:10.4000/ccec.5444. ISSN 1957-7761. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  12. ^ "Factbox: The rise of Spain's far-right - Vox becomes third-biggest party". Reuters. 10 November 2019.
  13. ^ "Far-right claims first victories in Spain since Franco era". Axios. 5 December 2018.
  14. ^
    • Arroyo Menéndez 2020: "To the extent that VOX fits with the concepts and theoretical explanations about radical right-wing parties and authoritarian populists, we would have a prior set of variables and factors that could explain the vote for this party."
    • Cabezas, Marta (1 January 2022). "Silencing Feminism? Gender and the Rise of the Nationalist Far Right in Spain". Signs. 47 (2). Chicago: 319–345. doi:10.1086/716858. hdl:10486/705756. S2CID 244923080. the nationalist far-right party Vox
    • García Rada, Aser (15 January 2021). "Spain will become the sixth country worldwide to allow euthanasia and assisted suicide". British Medical Journal. 372. the far right Vox opposed the law
    • Wheeler, Duncan (2020). "Vox in the Age of COVID-19: The Populist Protest Turn in Spanish Politics". Journal of International Affairs. 73 (2). New York City: 173–184. This provided an opportunity for Vox, a far-right populist party
    • Mudde, Cas (2019). The Far Right Today. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 40, 41, 174. ISBN 978-1-5095-3685-6.
    • Ferreira 2019, p. 73
    • Mudde, Cas (12 November 2019). "Nativism is driving the far-right surge in Europe – and it is here to stay". The Guardian.
    • Gould, Robert (2019). "Vox España and Alternative für Deutschland: Propagating the Crisis of National Identity". Genealogy. 3 (4): 64. doi:10.3390/genealogy3040064.
    • Ribera Payá, Pablo; Díaz Martínez, José Ignacio (16 July 2020). "The end of the Spanish exception: the far right in the Spanish Parliament". European Politics and Society. 22 (3): 410–434. doi:10.1080/23745118.2020.1793513. S2CID 225618005.
  15. ^ "'Memoria Histórica, amenaza para la paz en Europa'" (in Spanish). Fundación Nacional Francisco Franco. Retrieved December 4, 2023.

Bibliography

  • Arroyo Menéndez, Millán (2020). "Las causas del apoyo electoral a VOX en españa". Política y Sociedad. 57 (3). Madrid: 693–717. doi:10.5209/poso.69206. S2CID 241063503.
  • Ferreira, Carles (2019). "Vox como representante de la derecha radical en España: un estudio sobre su ideología" [Vox as Representative of the Radical Right in Spain: A study of its Ideology]. Revista Española de Ciencia Política (in Spanish). 51 (51): 73–98. doi:10.21308/recp.51.03. ISSN 2173-9870.

External links

Wikiquote has quotations related to Stanley G. Payne.
  • "Payne's CV" (PDF). (109 KB)
  • Bunk, Brian D.; Pack, Sasha D.; Scott, Carl-Gustaf (2008). Nation and conflict in modern Spain: essays in honor of Stanley G. Payne. Madison, Wisconsin: Parallel Press. ISBN 978-1-893311-76-3. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
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