Siege of Varna

Siege of Varna
	Part of the Russo–Turkish War, 1828–1829
	; Painting by Alexander Sauerweid (1836)
Date	July 13–September 29, 1828
Location	Varna, Ottoman Bulgaria43°12′28.01″N 27°55′0.98″E / 43.2077806°N 27.9169389°E / 43.2077806; 27.9169389
Result	Russian victory
Belligerents
Russian Empire Imperial Russian Navy;	Ottoman Empire
Commanders and leaders
Nicholas I; Pavel Sukhtelen; Pavel Ushakov; Alexander Menshikov (WIA); Vasily Perovsky; Mikhail Vorontsov; Vasily Shenshin; Yevgeny Golovin; Eugen of Württemberg; Aleksey Greig; Faddey Bellingshausen	Izzet Mehmed; Omer Vrioni
Strength
40,519 men,; 170 cannons	Garrison:; 12,000; Omer Vrioni:; >20,000;
	class=notpageimage\| Location within Bulgaria Siege of Varna (Black Sea)

The siege of Varna (July 13–September 29, 1828) was a battle during the Russo-Turkish War, 1828–1829.

History

Varna was held by the Ottoman army. An approach to Varna by Russian forces was first attempted on June 28, but the Russian avantgarde was met by significant Turkish forces, and the siege was postponed.

By the end of July, the Black Sea Fleet under the command of Aleksey Greig approached Varna and delivered the landing forces. In mid-August the Guards Corps arrived at Varna, with Emperor Nicholas I. The siege was put under the command of Adjutant General Menshikov, with total forces of 23,000 personnel and 170 artillery pieces against the 12,000 garrison of Varna. When Menshikov was wounded the siege was entrusted to General Field Marshal Mikhail Semyonovich Vorontsov.

In an attempt to relieve the siege of Varna, Omer Vrioni brought an army of 20,000 but was successfully held off. At the battle of Kurtepe the Russians under Prince Eugen of Württemberg attacked but they were defeated and retreated.^[2] However the Turks did not follow up this victory and waited 11 days at the place.^[2] In the meantime Varna capitulated.^[2] Eventually Varna was taken with 6,900 prisoners and 140 artillery pieces. The town was surrendered by Yusuf Pasha.^[2] However, the Russians suffered big losses during the summer-autumn campaign and withdrew from Varna and the Danube to resume the campaign in the following spring. The Russians had lost 6,000 men in the siege from battles and disease.^[2]

References

^ a b c Velichko et al. 1911.
^ a b c d e Rawdon Chesney, Francis (1854). The Russo-Turkish campaigns of 1828 and 1829. Redfield. pp. 121/122/123/124/125/126/127/128/129.

Kersnovsky, Anton, History of the Russian Army, Belgrade, 1933–1936, reprinted by Golos, 1992-1994 [1].
Velichko, Konstantin I.; Novitsky, Vasily F.; Schwarz, Alexey V. von; Apushkin, Vladimir A.; Schoultz, Gustav K. von (1911). Военная энциклопедия [Military Encyclopedia] (in Russian). Vol. V: Бомбарда – Верещагин. Moscow: Типография Т-ва И. Д. Сытина. pp. 239–241. Retrieved 4 November 2023.

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[FOOTNOTEVelichkoNovitskySchwarzApushkin1911-1] Velichko et al. 1911.

[The_Russo-Turkish_campaigns-2] Rawdon Chesney, Francis (1854). The Russo-Turkish campaigns of 1828 and 1829. Redfield. pp. 121/122/123/124/125/126/127/128/129.