Patrick Fraser Tytler

Patrick Fraser Tytler, by Margaret Sarah Carpenter, exhibited 1845

Patrick Fraser Tytler FRSE FSA(Scot) (30 August 1791 – 24 December 1849) was a Scottish advocate and historian. He was described as the "Episcopalian historian of a Presbyterian country".[1]

Life

The Fraser Tytler family vault, Greyfriars Kirkyard

The son of Alexander Fraser Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee, he was born in a house on George Street in Edinburgh's New Town.[2] He was named after his paternal uncle, Col Patrick Tytler. He was educated at the Edinburgh High School.[3]

He was admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in Edinburgh in 1813; in 1816 he became King's counsel in the Exchequer, and practised as an advocate until 1832.[3] At this time he was living at 36 Melville Street, a large terraced townhouse in Edinburgh's west end.[4]

He then moved to London, and it was largely owing to his efforts that a scheme for publishing state papers was carried out. Tytler was one of the founders of the Bannatyne Club and of the English Historical Society.[3]

He died at Great Malvern on 24 December 1849.[5][6] His body was returned to Edinburgh for burial in the family vault, which lies within the sealed south-west section of Greyfriars Kirkyard known as the Covenanter's Prison.[5]

His biography (1859) was written by his friend John William Burgon.

Family

Tytler first married Rachel Elisabeth Hog (sister of James Maitland Hog FRSE) on 30 March 1826 at Newliston and together they had 3 children, including Mary Stewart Fraser Tytler (1827–1887) who is buried in Grange Cemetery rather than in the family vault. Rachel died on 15 April 1835.

He then married on either 12 or 22 August 1845, in Richmond, his cousin, Anastasia Bonar, daughter of Thomson Bonar (1780–1828) of Campden, Kent, by his spouse Anastasia Jessie Gascoigne, widow of Charles Gascoigne, daughter of Matthew Guthrie of Halkerton.[7]

Works

Tytler is most noted for his literary output. He contributed to Archibald Alison's Travels in France (1815); his first independent essays were papers in Blackwood's Magazine. His major work, the History of Scotland (1828–1843), covered the period between 1249 and 1603.[3] A second edition was published in 1841–1843.[8] The seventh volume deals with the reign of Mary, Queen of Scots after her marriage with Darnley.[9]

His other works include:[3]

  • contributions to George Thomson's Select Melodies of Scotland (1824)
  • Life of James Crichton of Cluny, commonly called the Admirable Crichton (1819; 2nd ed., 1823)
  • a Memoir of Sir Thomas Craig of Riccarton (1823)
  • an Essay on the Revival of Greek Literature in Italy, and The Life of John Wycliffe, published anonymously (1826)
  • Lives of Scottish Worthies, for Murray's Family Library (1831–1833)
  • Historical View of the Progress of Discovery in America (1832)
  • Life of Sir Walter Raleigh (1833)
  • Memoirs of the War Carried on in Scotland and Ireland in 1689–1691 (1833)
  • Life of Henry VIII. (1837)
  • England under the Reigns of Edward VI. and Mary, from original letters (1839)[10]
  • Notes on the Darnley Jewel (1843)
  • Portraits of Mary Queen of Scots (1845).

References

  1. ^ "The Episcopal Congregation of Charlotte Chapel, 1792-1818". Archived from the original on 7 September 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2019.
  2. ^ Edinburgh Post Office Directory 1790
  3. ^ a b c d e  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Tytler, William s.v. Patrick Fraser Tytler". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 552.
  4. ^ "Edinburgh Post Office annual directory, 1832-1833". National Library of Scotland. p. 195. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
  5. ^ a b "Former fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1783-2002" (PDF). royalsoced.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  6. ^ Burgon, John William (1859). The portrait of a Christian gentleman : a memoir of Patrick Fraser Tytler, author of the "History of Scotland". University of California Libraries. London : J. Murray. pp. 343.
  7. ^ Sweet, Jessie M. (1964). "Matthew Guthrie (1743–1807): An eighteenth-century gemmologist". Annals of Science. 20 (4): 245–302. doi:10.1080/00033796400203104. PMID 11615679.
  8. ^ Tytler, Patrick Fraser. History of Scotland (2nd ed.). London: W. Tait; 1841–1843{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  9. ^ "Review of History of Scotland by P. F. Tytler, Vol. VII". The Quarterly Review. 67: 303–344. March 1841.
  10. ^ "Review of England under the Reigns of Edward VI. and Mary ... by Patrick Fraser Tytler". The Quarterly Review. 65: 52–76. December 1839.
  • The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, with their Descendants, etc., by Messrs, John and John Bernard Burke, London, volume 1 (1848) pedigree CLXXIX.

External links

Wikisource has original works by or about:
Patrick Fraser Tytler
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Patrick Fraser Tytler.
  • Works by Patrick Fraser Tytler at Project Gutenberg
  • Works by or about Patrick Fraser Tytler at Internet Archive
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1840), "An Historical Inquiry into the Ancient State of Scotland", The History of Scotland (1346–1407), vol. II (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: William Tait (published 1845), pp. 107–320, retrieved 17 August 2008
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1828), The History of Scotland (1249–1346), vol. I (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: William Tait (published 1840)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1829), The History of Scotland (1346–1424), vol. II (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: William Tait (published 1845)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1831), The History of Scotland (1407–1497), vol. III (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: William Tait (published 1840)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1833), The History of Scotland (1497–1546), vol. IV (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: William Tait (published 1845)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1835), The History of Scotland (1546–1567), vol. V (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: William Tait
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1837), The History of Scotland (1567–1586), vol. VI (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: William Tait (published 1845)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1843), The History of Scotland (1586–1606), vol. VII (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: William Tait (published 1845)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1845), The History of Scotland (Index to the 3rd Edition) (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: William Tait (published 1850)

The contents of the missing Volume V above, from the 3rd Edition, are contained in a later edition, immediately following (which itself is from an incomplete edition of Tytler's History).

  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1843), The History of Scotland (1542–1573), vol. III, Edinburgh: William P. Nimmo (published 1864)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1845), Taylor, James; Reid, Alexander (eds.), The History of Scotland: From the Contribution of Patrick Fraser Tytler, Esq. to the Encyclopædia Britannica, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black

Several of his other works

  • Alison, Archibald; Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1815), Travels in France, During the Years 1814 – 1815, vol. I, Edinburgh: Macredie, Skelly, and Muckersey
  • Alison, Archibald; Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1815), Travels in France, During the Years 1814 – 1815, vol. II, Edinburgh: Macredie, Skelly, and Muckersey
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1819), Life of James Crichton of Cluny, Commonly Called the Admirable Crichton, Edinburgh: William and Charles Tait
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1823), An Account of the Life and Writings of Sir Thomas Craig of Riccarton, Edinburgh: W. & C. Tait
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1826), The Life of John Wickliff, Edinburgh: William Whyte and Co, and Maclachlan and Stewart (published 1842)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1832), Lives of Scottish Worthies, vol. I, London: John Murray
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1832), Lives of Scottish Worthies, vol. II, London: John Murray
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1832), Lives of Scottish Worthies, vol. III, London: John Murray (published 1833), retrieved 17 August 2008
  • Mackay, Hugh (1692), Hog, James M.; Tytler, Patrick Fraser; Urquhart, Adam (eds.), Memoirs of the War Carried on in Scotland and Ireland 1689 – 1691, Edinburgh: The Bannatyne Club (published 1833)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1833), Historical View of the Progress of Discovery on the More Northern Coasts of America, New York: Harper & Brothers (published 1842)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1836), Life of King Henry the Eighth, Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd (published 1837)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1839), England Under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, vol. I, London: Richard Bentley
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1839), England Under the Reigns of Edward VI and Mary, vol. II, London: Richard Bentley
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1848), Life of Sir Walter Raleigh, Founded on Authentic and Original Documents, London: T. Nelson and Sons (published 1853)
  • Tytler, Patrick Fraser (1896), Memorable Wars of Scotland, Edinburgh: W. P. Nimmo

Works about him and his publications

  • Burgon, John W. (1859), The Portrait of a Christian Gentleman. A Memoir of Patrick Fraser Tytler (2nd ed.), London: John Murray, retrieved 3 December 2013
  • Cecil, Richard (1800s), "Patrick Fraser Tytler", Favourite Passages in Modern Christian Biography, London: James Hogg & Sons, pp. 260–280, retrieved 17 August 2008
  • Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Tytler, William s.v. Patrick Fraser Tytler" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 552.
  • Fraser, Patrick (1845), Tytler's History of Scotland Examined: A Review, Edinburgh: W. P. Kennedy (published 1858) – a review taking Tytler to task on a number of points; first printed in the North British Review (May – August 1845).
  • "Tytler, Patrick Fraser" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  • Small, John (1844), Biographical Sketch of Patrick Fraser Tytler, Edinburgh: William P. Nimmo
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