Miwa clan

Miwa
大神
Home provinceYamato Province
Parent houseKamo clan
FounderŌtataneko [ja](legendary)
Historically unknown

The Miwa clan (大神氏, Miwa-uji) is a Japanese shake and samurai family who have served the Miwa Shrine for generations.[1][2] The ancestor of the Miwa family is said to be Okuninushi no Mikoto,[2] via Ōtataneko [ja].[3] The Omiwa clan, also known as the Ogami clan, were a prominent family in ancient Japan known for their responsibility in performing state rituals for the Yamato Court. The clan rose to prominence in the period between the latter half of the 5th century and the 6th century, before the establishment of capital cities such as Heijo-kyo and Heian-kyo. The clan's main center of influence was the area around Mt. Miwa, which was considered a significant religious and political site. According to tradition, the ancestors of the Ogami clan were able to calm the first epidemic in Japan and this belief has been passed down through the generations to the present-day Ōmiwa Shrine. Recent research has shed light on the role and significance of the Ogami clan in ancient royal power and rituals.[4]

History

During an epidemic in Japan Emperor Sujin was given guidance in the form of a dream to seek out a man named Ōtataneko [ja] (太田田根子) and appoint him as head priest.[5] He eventually found him in Izumo Province.[6] When he was found and installed, the pestilence eventually subsided, allowing five cereal crops to ripen.[5] Out of an abundance of caution, the Emperor also appointed Ikagashikoo (伊香色雄) as kami-no-mono-akatsu-hito (神班物者), or one who sorts the offerings to the gods.[7] To this day the Miwa sept of the Kamo clan claim to be descents from Ōtataneko [ja], while Ikagashikoo was a claimed ancestor of the now extinct Mononobe clan.[7]

In the 8th year of the reign of Emperor Temmu, the Miwa clan was renamed Miwa-no-kun and given the surname Ogami-chosin.[clarification needed] The descendants of Koichi Maro's son Shinobito[clarification needed] served as the Ogami High Priestess. According to notes in the genealogy, the Daiminushi family[clarification needed] served the Southern Court during the period of the Nanboku-cho period. Many members of the family died in the civil wars between the Northern and Southern dynasties.[2]

After the Muromachi period, the legitimate lineage served as high priests, but some of the family members became warriors and served the Miyoshi and Kitabatake clans. After the Hobo break,[clarification needed] the Daikami family took the name Takamiya and served the Ogami Shrine, and their descendants continued to serve the shrine until the Meiji Restoration.[2]

One branch of the Miwa family, known as the Hiyoshi, served the Usa Jingū in ancient times. Their descendants served as the chief priest of the Usa Jingu for a long time until they were replaced by the Usa clan. From their descendants, medieval warriors such as Ogata, Ono, and Anan were born,[clarification needed] and during the Sengoku period, they played a part in the military power of the Otomo clan, the feudal lords in Kyushu.[2]

Ancestry

Ōyamatsumi[8][9][10] Susanoo[11][12][13]: 277 
Kamuo Ichihime[9][10][14][15]
Konohanachiru-hime[16][13]: 277 Ashinazuchi[17][18]Tenazuchi[18]Toshigami[15][14]Ukanomitama[9][10]
(Inari)[19]
Oyamakui[20]
Kushinadahime[18][21][13]: 277 
Yashimajinumi[16][13]: 277 
Kagutsuchi[22]
Kuraokami[23]
Hikawahime [ja][24][13]: 278 Fuha-no-Mojikunusunu [ja][13]: 278 
Fukabuchi-no-Mizuyarehana [ja][13]: 278 Ame-no-Tsudoechine [ja][13]: 278 Funozuno [ja][13]: 278 
Sashikuni Okami [ja][13]: 278 Omizunu[13]: 278 Futemimi [ja][13]: 278 
Sashikuni Wakahime [ja][13]: 278 Ame-no-Fuyukinu[25][26][13]: 278 Takamimusubi[27][28]
Futodama[27][28]
Nunakawahime[29] Ōkuninushi[30][13]: 278 
(Ōnamuchi)[31]		Kamotaketsunumi no Mikoto[32]
Kotoshironushi[33][34] Tamakushi-hime[32] Takeminakata[35][36] Susa Clan[37]

JAPANESE
EMPERORS
711–585 BC

Jimmu[38]
660–585 BC(1) 		Himetataraisuzu-hime[38]Kamo no Okimi[33][39]Mirahime [ja]
632–549 BC

Suizei[40][41][42]
581–549 BC(2)		 Isuzuyori-hime[39][43] Hikoyai[40][41][42] Kamuyaimimi[40][41][42]
d.577 BC		Miwa clan and Kamo clan Nunasokonakatsu-hime [ja][44][33]
Imperial House of JapanŌ clan[45][46] and Aso clan[47]
  • Pink is female.
  • Blue is male.
  • Grey means other or unknown.
  • Clans, families, people groups are in green.

Further reading

  • Clans and Religion in Ancient Japan The mythology of Mt. Miwa

References

  1. ^ "大神氏:大神氏是日本少有的與古代神明沾邊的姓氏之一，是大神神社的姓氏（為 -百科知識中文網". www.jendow.com.tw. Retrieved 2023-02-06.
  2. ^ a b c d e "社家の姓氏-大神氏-". www.harimaya.com. Retrieved 2023-01-26.
  3. ^ Suzuki, Masanobu (2016-05-12). "1.4". Clans and Religion in Ancient Japan. doi:10.4324/9781315617909. ISBN 9781315617909.
  4. ^ "ちくま新書 古代豪族 大神氏（おおみわし）―ヤマト王権と三輪山祭祀". 紀伊國屋書店ウェブストア｜オンライン書店｜本、雑誌の通販、電子書籍ストア (in Japanese). Retrieved 2023-01-26.
  5. ^ a b Aston, William George. (1896). Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697, Volume 2. The Japan Society London. pp. 150–164. ISBN 9780524053478.
  6. ^ Ellwood, Robert S. (1990). "The Sujin Religious Revolution". Japanese Journal of Religious Studies. 17 (2/3): 199–217. doi:10.18874/jjrs.17.2-3.1990.199-217. ISSN 0304-1042. JSTOR 30234018.
  7. ^ a b Chamberlain, Basil. [SECT. LXV.—EMPEROR SŪ-JIN (PART III: STORY OF OHO-TATA-NE-KO'S BIRTH)] (The Kojiki). Read before the Asiatic Society of Japan on April 12, May 10, and June 21, 1882, reprinted in 1919. p. 219. His Augustness Oho-tata-ne-ko ... was the ancestor of the Dukes of Miwa and of the Dukes of Kamo.
  8. ^ Kaoru, Nakayama (7 May 2005). "Ōyamatsumi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  9. ^ a b c Chamberlain (1882). Section XIX.—The Palace of Suga.
  10. ^ a b c Chamberlain (1882). Section XX.—The August Ancestors of the Deity-Master-of-the-Great-Land.
  11. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (10 May 2005). "Susanoo". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  12. ^ "Susanoo | Description & Mythology". Encyclopedia Britannica.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Herbert, J. (2010). Shinto: At the Fountainhead of Japan. Routledge Library Editions: Japan. Taylor & Francis. p. 402. ISBN 978-1-136-90376-2. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  14. ^ a b 大年神 [Ōtoshi-no-kami] (in Japanese). Kotobank. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  15. ^ a b 大年神 [Ōtoshi-no-kami] (in Japanese). Kokugakuin University. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  16. ^ a b Mori, Mizue. "Yashimajinumi". Kokugakuin University Encyclopedia of Shinto.
  17. ^ Frédéric, L.; Louis-Frédéric; Roth, K. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press reference library. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  18. ^ a b c "My Shinto: Personal Descriptions of Japanese Religion and Culture". www2.kokugakuin.ac.jp. Retrieved 2023-10-16.
  19. ^ “‘My Own Inari’: Personalization of the Deity in Inari Worship.” Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 23, no. 1/2 (1996): 87-88
  20. ^ "Ōtoshi | 國學院大學デジタルミュージアム". 2022-08-17. Archived from the original on 2022-08-17. Retrieved 2023-11-14.
  21. ^ "Encyclopedia of Shinto - Home : Kami in Classic Texts : Kushinadahime". eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp.
  22. ^ "Kagutsuchi". World History Encyclopedia.
  23. ^ Ashkenazi, M. (2003). Handbook of Japanese Mythology. Handbooks of world mythology. ABC-CLIO. p. 213. ISBN 978-1-57607-467-1. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  24. ^ Chamberlain, B.H. (2012). Kojiki: Records of Ancient Matters. Tuttle Classics. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4629-0511-9. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  25. ^ Philippi, Donald L. (2015). Kojiki. Princeton University Press. p. 92.
  26. ^ Chamberlain (1882). Section XX.—The August Ancestors of the Deity-Master-Of-The-Great Land.
  27. ^ a b Ponsonby-Fane, R. A. B. (2014-06-03). Studies In Shinto & Shrines. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-89294-3.
  28. ^ a b "Encyclopedia of Shinto - Home : Kami in Classic Texts : Futodama". eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  29. ^ Philippi, Donald L. (2015). Kojiki. Princeton University Press. pp. 104–112.
  30. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya; Tatsuya, Yumiyama (20 October 2005). "Ōkuninushi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  31. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (21 April 2005). "Ōnamuchi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  32. ^ a b The Emperor's Clans: The Way of the Descendants, Aogaki Publishing, 2018.
  33. ^ a b c Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns. Columbia University Press. p. 89. ISBN 9780231049405.
  34. ^ Atsushi, Kadoya (28 April 2005). "Kotoshironushi". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  35. ^ Sendai Kuji Hongi, Book 4 (先代舊事本紀 巻第四), in Keizai Zasshisha, ed. (1898). Kokushi-taikei, vol. 7 (国史大系 第7巻). Keizai Zasshisha. pp. 243–244.
  36. ^ Chamberlain (1882). Section XXIV.—The Wooing of the Deity-of-Eight-Thousand-Spears.
  37. ^ Tanigawa Ken'ichi [de] 『日本の神々 神社と聖地 7 山陰』（新装復刊） 2000年 白水社 ISBN 978-4-560-02507-9
  38. ^ a b Kazuhiko, Nishioka (26 April 2005). "Isukeyorihime". Encyclopedia of Shinto. Archived from the original on 2023-03-21. Retrieved 2010-09-29.
  39. ^ a b 『神話の中のヒメたち　もうひとつの古事記』p94-97「初代皇后は「神の御子」」
  40. ^ a b c 日本人名大辞典+Plus, デジタル版. "日子八井命とは". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  41. ^ a b c ANDASSOVA, Maral (2019). "Emperor Jinmu in the Kojiki". Japan Review (32): 5–16. ISSN 0915-0986. JSTOR 26652947.
  42. ^ a b c "Visit Kusakabeyoshimi Shrine on your trip to Takamori-machi or Japan". trips.klarna.com. Retrieved 2023-03-04.
  43. ^ 『図説　歴代天皇紀』p42-43「綏靖天皇」
  44. ^ Anston, p. 143 (Vol. 1)
  45. ^ Grapard, Allan G. (2023-04-28). The Protocol of the Gods: A Study of the Kasuga Cult in Japanese History. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-91036-2.
  46. ^ Tenri Journal of Religion. Tenri University Press. 1968.
  47. ^ Takano, Tomoaki; Uchimura, Hiroaki (2006). History and Festivals of the Aso Shrine. Aso Shrine, Ichinomiya, Aso City.: Aso Shrine.


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