Menodora spinescens

Spiny menodora
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Lamiales
Family:	Oleaceae
Genus:	Menodora
Species:	M. spinescens
Binomial name
	Menodora spinescens; A.Gray

Menodora spinescens is a species of flowering plant in the olive family known by the common name spiny menodora. It is native to the southwestern United States, where it grows in varied mountain, canyon, and desert habitat in California, Nevada, Utah and Arizona.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Menodora spinescens is a shrub producing upright stems up to 90 centimeters tall, branching densely to form a thicket, the smallest branches tipped with spines. It is coated sparsely in short hairs. The fleshy green leaves are oblong or oval in shape, up to a centimeter long, and mostly borne in clusters. The inflorescence is a cluster of tube-throated flowers growing in axils, in splits between leaf clusters. The flowers are pink in bud and mostly white in bloom. The fruit is a capsule.^[4]^[5]^[6]

References

^ Jepson Manual Treatment
^ USDA Plants Profile
^ Biota of North America Program, Menodora spinescens
^ Gray, Asa. 1868. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 7: 388 Menodora spinescens
^ Hickman, J. C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley.
^ Cronquist, A.J., N. H. Holmgren & P. K. Holmgren. 1997. Vascular plants of the intermountain west, U.S.A., subclass Rosidae (except Fabales). 3A: 1–446. In A.J. Cronquist, A. H. Holmgren, N. H. Holmgren, J. L. Reveal & P. K. Holmgren (eds.) Intermountain Flora, Hafner Pub. Co., New York.

External links

Calphotos, University of California (Berkeley California USA) Photo gallery
Mojave National Preserve, Manbird Maps & Books (Kingman Arizona USA), Menodora spinescens
Bird and Hike, Jim Boone, Vegetation Around Las Vegas, Spiny menodora
Gardening Europe (Concesio, Lombardia, Italy), Orniello, Menodora spinescens

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[1] Jepson Manual Treatment

[2] USDA Plants Profile

[3] Biota of North America Program, Menodora spinescens

[4] Gray, Asa. 1868. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 7: 388 Menodora spinescens

[5] Hickman, J. C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley.

[6] Cronquist, A.J., N. H. Holmgren & P. K. Holmgren. 1997. Vascular plants of the intermountain west, U.S.A., subclass Rosidae (except Fabales). 3A: 1–446. In A.J. Cronquist, A. H. Holmgren, N. H. Holmgren, J. L. Reveal & P. K. Holmgren (eds.) Intermountain Flora, Hafner Pub. Co., New York.