List of marine bony fishes of South Africa

Map of the Southern African coastline showing some of the landmarks referred to in species range statements

This is a sublist of the List of marine fishes of South Africa for bony fishes recorded from the oceans bordering South Africa. This list comprises locally used common names, scientific names with author citation and recorded ranges. Ranges specified may not be the entire known range for the species, but should include the known range within the waters surrounding the Republic of South Africa.

List ordering and taxonomy complies where possible with the current usage in World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), and may differ from the cited source, as listed citations are primarily for range or existence of records for the region. Sub-taxa within any given taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule. Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links. Synonyms should be listed where relevant.

Osteichthyes (/ˌɒstiːˈɪkθi.iːz/), commonly referred to as the bony fish but in the 21st century also treated as a clade that includes the tetrapods, is a diverse superclass of vertebrate animals that have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. They can be contrasted with the Chondrichthyes, which have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. The vast majority of extant fish are members of Osteichthyes, an extremely diverse and abundant group consisting of 45 orders, over 435 families and 28,000 species. It is the largest class of vertebrates in existence today. (Full article...)


Parvphylum Osteichthyes – Bony fishes

All entries in this list are included in this parvphylum of Gnathostomata. There are two gigaclasses represented: Actinopterygii and Sarcopterygii.[1]

Gigaclass Actinopterygii – Ray-finned fishes

Class Teleostei

Order: Acanthuriformes

Family: Acanthuridae – Surgeonfishes and unicornfishes.[2]

Family: Antigoniidae – Boarfishes

Family: Chaetodontidae – Butterflyfishes

Family: Drepaneidae – Sicklefishes

  • Concertina-fish Drepane longimana (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Tropical Indo-West Pacific south to East London)

Family: Ephippidae – Batfishes[6]

Family: Leiognathidae – Soapies

  • Slender soapy, Deveximentum insidiator (Bloch, 1787), recorded as syn. Secutor insidiator (Bloch, 1787), (Indo-West Pacific south to East London)[3][4][7]
  • Toothed soapy Gazza minuta (Bloch, 1797) (Indo-Pacific south to Port Alfred)[3]
  • Slimy Leiognathus equula (Forsskål, 1775) (Indo-Pacific south to East London)[3][4]
  • Pugnose soapy, Leiognathus ruconius (Hamilton, 1822), recorded as syn. Secutor ruconius (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822), (Indo-West Pacific south to Transkei)[3][8]

Family: Lobotidae – Tripletails

Family: Luvaridae – Louvar

  • Louvar, Luvarus imperialis Rafinesque, 1810 (All oceans and Mediterranean sea, Not reported in polar seas or near equator)[3]

Family: Pomacanthidae – Angelfishes

Family: Scatophagidae – Scatties

Family: Siganidae – Rabbitfishes

Family: Zanclidae – Moorish idol

Order Acropomatiformes

Family: Acropomatidae – Lanternbellies

  • Lanternbelly Acropoma japonicum Günther, 1859 (off Natal)[3]
  • Sombre splitfin, Silver splitfin, Verilus cynodon (Regan, 1921), reported as syn. Neoscombrops annectens Gilchrist, 1922 (off Natal and southern Mozambique)[3] and as syn. Neoscombrops cynodon (Regan, 1921) (Known from 2 specimens off Natal)[3][10]
  • Japanese splitfin Synagrops japonicus (Doderlein, 1884) (off Natal)[3]

Family: Bathyclupeidae – Bathyclupeids

  • Neobathyclupea elongata (Trunov, 1975), recorded as syn. Bathyclupea elongata Trunov, 1975 (Known only from holotype taken off Western Cape)[3][11]

Family: Champsodontidae – Gapers

Family: Creediidae – Sand burrowers

Family: Epigonidae – Cardinal fishes

Family: Howellidae

Family: Pempheridae – Sweepers

Family: Pentacerotidae – Armourheads

Family: Polyprionidae – Wreckfishes

Family: Scombropidae – Gnomefishes

Order Albuliformes – Bonefishes

Family: Albulidae

Order Anguilliformes – Eels

Family: Anguillidae – Freshwater eels

Family: Chlopsidae – False morays

Family: Moringuidae – Spaghetti eels

Family: Muraenidae – Moray eels

Family: Congridae – Conger eels

Family: Derichthyidae – Longneck eels

Family: Muraenesocidae – Pike congers

Family: Nettastomatidae – Witch eels

Family: Ophichthidae – Snake-eels and worm-eels

Family: Nemichthyidae – Snipe eels

Family: Serrivomeridae – Sawtooth eels

Family: Synaphobranchidae – Cutthroat eels

Order Alepocephaliformes

Family: Alepocephalidae – Slickheads

Order Argentiniformes

Family: Argentinidae – Argentines

Family: Opisthoproctidae – Barreleyes

Family: Microstomatidae

Subfamily: Bathylaginae – Deep sea smelts

  • Melanolagus bericoides (Borodin, 1929), recorded as syn. Bathylagus bericoides (Borodin, 1929) (off Cape Town; Throughout tropical and subtropical seas)[3][19]

Order Ateleopodiformes

Family: Ateleopodidae – Tadpole fishes

Order: Atheriniformes

Family: Atherinidae – Silversides

Family: Notocheiridae – Surf sprites

  • Surf sprite Iso natalensis Regan, 1919 (Indian ocean south to Cape Agulgas)[3]

Order Aulopiformes

Family: Alepisauridae – Lancetfishes

Family: Evermannellidae – Sabretooth fishes

  • Coccorella atlantica (Parr, 1928) (central water areas of all 3 major oceans; off western and south-western Cape coast, 1 specimen from 31°34'S, 30°09'E)[3]
  • Balbo sabretooth, Evermannella balbo (Risso, 1820) (4 specimens from off southern Natal, presumed to be circumglobal in transition region of southern oceans)[3]

Family Omosudidae

  • Hammerjaw, Omosudis lowii Günther, 1887 (1 specimen from not far off east coast at about 25°S; otherwise known from all oceans between 40°S and 40°N)[3][20]

Family: Paralepididae – Barracudinas (incl. Anotopteridae – Daggertooths)

  • Anotopterus pharao Zugmeyer, 1911 (off west coast; south of Cape Agulhas; off Transkei and in Mozambique channel; worldwide between 25°N and 65°S)[3]
  • Lestidiops jayakari (Boulenger, 1889) (worldwide in tropical to temperate waters)[3]
  • Lestidiops similis (Ege, 1933) (Tropical and temperate Atlantic between 45°N and 45°S)[3]
  • Lestidium atlanticum (Borodin, 1928) (Tropical to subtropical all oceans)[3]
  • Lestrolepis intermedia (Poey, 1868) (Tropical in all oceans; off South Africa only in Agulhas current)[3]
  • Macroparalepis affinis Ege, 1933 (anti-tropical in Atlantic Ocean)[3]
  • Macroparalepis macrogeneion Post, 1973 (South Atlantic sub-tropical convergence area from South Africa to continental slope off South America)[3]
  • Magnisudis prionosa (Rofen, 1963) (Circumglobal in southern oceans from 20°S to Antarctic)[3]
  • Spotted barracudina, Arctozenus risso (Bonaparte, 1840), recorded as syn. Notolepis rissoi (Bonaparte, 1840) (worldwide in temperate and tropical waters)[3][21]
  • Paralepis elongata (Brauer, 1906) (One specimen from Natal, now missing)[3]
  • Stemonosudis elegans (Ege, 1933) (tropical Indo-Pacific, off South Africa only in Agulhas current)[3]
  • Stemonosudis gracilis (Ege, 1933) (Tropical waters of Indian and Pacific oceans; Off South Africa only in Agulhas current)[3]
  • Sudis hyalina Rafinesque, 1810 (Atlantic Ocean from 50°N to South Africa)[3]

Family: Scopelarchidae – Pearleyes

Family: Ipnopidae

Family: Chlorophthalmidae – Greeneyes

  • Chlorophthalmus punctatus Gilchrist, 1904 (both coasts of South Africa)[3] (possibly a synonym of C.agassizii Bonaparte, 1840)

Family: Ipnopidae

Family: Notosudidae – Notosudids

Family: Bathysauridae

  • Bathysaurus ferox Günther, 1878 (off Cape Province; Both sides of Atlantic; off New Zealand)[3]

Family: Giganturidae – Telescopefish

  • Gigantura indica Brauer, 1901, recorded as syn. Rosaura indica (Brauer, 1901) (Tropical/subtropical in all 3 major oceans; Indian Ocean from 35°49'S, 23°09'E northwards)[3][24]

Family: Synodontidae – Lizardfishes

  • Blotchy lizardfish Saurida gracilis (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) (Indo-West Pacific to Algoa Bay)[3]
  • Largescale lizardfish Saurida undosquamis (Richardson, 1848) (Indo-West Pacific to Knysna)[3]
  • Spotnose lizardfish Synodus binotatus Schultz, 1953 (Indo-West Pacific, south to Natal)[3]
  • Variegated lizardfish Synodus dermatogenys Fowler, 1912 (Indo-West Pacific south to Algoa Bay)[3]
  • Indian lizardfish Synodus indicus (Day, 1873) (Mossel Bay to Red Sea and Sri Lanka)[3]
  • Blacktail lizardfish Synodus jaculum Russell and Cressey, 1979 (Indo-West Pacific south to Natal)[3]
  • Redband lizardfish Synodus variegatus (Lacepède, 1803) (Central KwaZulu-Natal to Red Sea)[3][4]
  • Painted lizardfish Trachinocephalus myops (Forster, 1801) (Tropical and warm temperate waters of all oceans, east coast south to Knysna)[3]

Order Batrachoidiformes

Family: Batrachoididae – Toadfishes

  • Puzzled toadfish Austrobatrachus foedus (Smith, 1947) (Algoa Bay to Coffee Bay, Transkei)[3]
  • White-ribbed toadfish Batrichthys albofasciatus Smith, 1934 (1 specimen, Great Fish Point)[3]
  • Snakehead toadfish Batrichthys apiatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (Saldanha Bay to Umtata River, Transkei)[4]
  • Pleated toadfish Batrichthys felinus Smith, 1952 (Cape to Port Alfred)[3]
  • Chocolate toadfish Chatrabus hendersoni Smith, 1952 (Port Alfred to Storms River Mouth)[3]
  • Broadbodied toadfish Riekertia ellisi Smith, 1952 (Durban to Port St. Johns)[3]

Order Beloniformes

Family: Belonidae – Needlefishes

Family: Exocoetidae – Flyingfishes

  • Blackwing flyingfish Cheilopogon cyanopterus (Valenciennes, 1846) (Tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. One juvenile from Port Alfred, another from Natal)[3]
  • Spotfin flyingfish Cheilopogon furcatus (Mitchill, 1815) (offshore in all tropical seas. Off South African coast from the Cape eastwards)[3]
  • Blackfin flyingfish Cheilopogon nigricans (Bennett, 1840) (Tropical eastern Atlantic to Indo-West Pacific. One specimen known from South African waters)[3]
  • Smallhead flyingfish Cheilopogon pinnatibarbatus altipinnis (Valenciennes, 1846) (Cape to Kosi Bay)[3]
  • Two-wing flyingfish Exocoetus monocirrhus (Richardson, 1846) (Indo-West Pacific south to Durban)[3]
  • Tropical two-wing flyingfish Exocoetus volitans (Linnaeus, 1758) (worldwide in tropical waters, occasionally seen in South African waters)[3]
  • Subtropical flyingfish Hirundichthys rondeletii (Valenciennes, 1846) (widely distributed in subtropical waters of all oceans, common off the Cape)[3]
  • Mirrorwing flyingfish, Hirundichthys speculiger (Valenciennes, 1846) (worldwide in tropical waters, one juvenile from Mbibi, Zululand, another from False Bay)[3]
  • Sailfin flying fish, Parexocoetus brachypterus (Richardson, 1846) (Tropical Indo-Pacific, south to Natal)[3]
  • Shortfin flyingfish Prognichthys brevipinnis (Valenciennes, 1846) (Tropical Indo-West Pacific, recorded from Lake St. Lucia and Indian Ocean off South Africa)[3]
  • Shortnose flyingfish Prognichthys sealei (Abe, 1955) (Tropical Indo-West Pacific; one adolescent off Cape St. Lucia and a small juvenile from Port Elizabeth)[3]

Family: Hemiramphidae – Halfbeaks

  • Ribbon halfbeak Euleptorhamphus viridis (van Hasselt, 1823) (reported from Table Bay, also known from Algoa bay and Kei river Mouth. Tropical and temperate waters of Indo-Pacific)[3]
  • Spotted halfbeak Hemiramphus far (Forsskål, 1775) (Knysna to Delagoa Bay. a few records west to False Bay)[3][4]
  • Tropical halfbeak Hyporhamphus affinis (Günther, 1866) (Sodwana Bay to tropical west Indo-Pacific)[3][4]
  • Cape halfbeak Hyporhamphus capensis (Thominot, 1886) (False Bay to southern Mozambique)[3][4]

Family: Scomberesocidae – Sauries

  • Dwarf saury Nanichthys simulans Hubbs and Wisner, 1980 (Warm temperate waters of the Atlantic and southern Indian oceans; Off the Cape up the west coast)[3]

Order Beryciformes

Family: Barbourisiidae – Red whalefish

Family: Berycidae – Berycids

Family: Cetomimidae – Whalefishes

  • Cetichthys indagator (Rofen, 1959), recorded as syn. Cetomimus indagator Rofen, 1959 (1 specimen off Port St Johns, former Transkei)[3][26]
  • Cetomimus picklei (Gilchrist, 1922) (1 specimen off Cape Town)[3]

Family: Melamphaidae – Bigscale fishes

  • Melamphaes eulepis Ebeling, 1962 (Atlantic south of 13°S, around Africa, in Indian Ocean, throughout Indonesia and in central equatorial Pacific)[3]
  • Melamphaes microps (Günther, 1878) (off South Africa and New Zealand)[3]
  • Melamphaes simus Ebeling, 1962 (Tropical/subtropical regions of Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans)[3]
  • Poromitra crassiceps (Günther, 1878) (All oceans except Arctic and Mediterranean)[3]
  • Poromitra megalops (Lütken, 1877) (Eastern Atlantic, Indo-Pacific and eastern equatorial Pacific)[3]
  • Scopeloberyx robustus (Günther, 1887) (Tropical/subtropical regions of Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans)[3]
  • Scopelogadus beanii (Günther, 1887) (Atlantic, southern Indian and western south Pacific oceans)[3]
  • Sio nordenskjoldii (Lönnberg, 1905) (South Atlantic and Indian oceans south of 30°S; several records off South Africa)[3]

Family: Rondeletiidae – Redmouth whalefish

  • Rondeletia loricata Abe and Hotta, 1963 (3 specimens taken off Southern Cape coast of South Africa)[3]

Family: Stephanoberycidae – Pricklefishes

Order: Blenniiformes

Family: Blenniidae – Blennies

Family: Clinidae – Klipfishes

Family: Tripterygiidae – Threefin blennies or Triplefins

Order: Callionymiformes

Family: Callionymidae – Dragonets

Order Carangaria incertae sedis

Family: Menidae – Moonfish

Family: Polynemidae – Threadfins

Family: Sphyraenidae – Barracudas

Order Carangiformes

Family: Carangidae – Kingfishes

Family: Coryphaenidae – Dolphinfish or Dorades

  • Dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 (all tropical and subtropical waters to 35°S)[3]

Family: Echeneidae – Remoras

  • Shark remora Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 (Namibia to Mozambique)[4] (all warm waters except eastern Pacific)[3]
  • Slender remora Phtheirichthys lineatus (Menzies, 1791) (Worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters)[3]
  • White remora Remora albescens (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) (Worldwide, prefers Manta rays)[40]
  • Whale remora Remora australis (Bennett, 1840) (Worldwide, pelagic: found only on cetaceans)[3]
  • Spearfish remora Remora brachyptera (Lowe, 1839) (Worldwide, prefers billfishes)[3]
  • Remora Remora remora (Linnaeus, 1758) (Worldwide, prefers sharks)[3]

Family: Istiophoridae – Sailfish, spearfishes and marlins

Family: Rachycentridae – Cobia

Family: Xiphiidae – Swordfishes

Order Centrarchiformes

Family: Cheilodactylidae – Fingerfins[44]

Family: Cirrhitidae – Hawkfishes[46]

Family: Dichistiidae – Galjoens

Family: Kuhliidae – Flagtails

Family: Kyphosidae – Sea chubs

Family: Oplegnathidae – Knifejaws

Family: Parascorpididae – Jutjaw

  • Jutjaw (Parascorpis typus) Bleeker, 1875 (Known only from False Bay to Maputo)[3]

Family: Terapontidae – Thornfishes

Order Cichliformes

Family: Cichlidae – Cichlids

Order Clupeiformes

Family: Alosidae

  • Pilchard or Sardine Sardinops sagax (Jenyns, 1842) (Namibia to Mozambique)[3][4][49]

Family: Chirocentridae – Wolfherrings

Family: Dorosomatidae

  • Blueline herring, bluestripe herring, Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus (Rüppell, 1837) (Algoa Bay to Indo-Pacific)[3][50]
  • Razorbelly or Kelee shad, Hilsa kelee (Cuvier, 1829) (Transkei to Mozambique and Indo-Pacific)[3][4][51]
  • Gizzard shad Nematalosa nasus (Bloch, 1795) (off Durban Bay; Gulf of Aden to Hong Kong)[3][52]

Family: Dussumieriidae – Round herrings

Family: Ehiravidae

  • Estuarine round herring, Gilchrist's round-herring, Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist, 1913) (Knysna to Kosi bay, Saldanha Bay and possibly north to Orange River mouth)[3][4][54]

Family: Engraulidae – Anchovies

Family: Spratelloididae

Order Dactylopteriformes

Family: Dactylopteridae – Helmet gurnards

Family: Pegasidae – Seamoths

Order Elopiformes

Family: Elopidae – Ladyfishes

Family: Megalopidae – Tarpons

Order Eupercaria incertae sedis

Family: Callanthiidae – Goldies

Family: Caesionidae – Fusiliers

Family: Cepolidae – Bandfishes

Family: Dinopercidae

Family: Emmelichthyidae – Rovers

Family: Gerreidae – Pursemouths

Family: Haemulidae – Rubberlips and grunters

Family: Labridae – Wrasses

Family: Lethrinidae – Emperors

Family: Lutjanidae – Snappers

Family: Malacanthidae – Tilefishes

Family: Monodactylidae – Moonies

Family: Nemipteridae – Butterfly breams, spinecheeks

Family: Priacanthidae – Bigeyes

Family: Scaridae – Parrotfishes

Family: Sciaenidae – Kobs

Family: Sillaginidae – Sillagos

Family: Sparidae – Seabreams

Order Gadiformes

Family: Bregmacerotidae – Codlets

Family: Lotidae – Lings and rocklings

Family: Macrouridae – Grenadiers

Family: Melanonidae – Melanonids

Family: Merlucciidae – Hakes

Family: Moridae – Deepsea cods

Order: Gobiesociformes

Family: Gobiesocidae – Clingfishes

Order: Gobiiformes

Family: Eleotridae – Sleepers

Family: Gobiidae – Gobies

Subfamily: Amblyopinae

Subfamily: Gobiinae

Subfamily: Gobionellinae

Subfamily: Oxudercinae

Family: Microdesmidae – Gobies

Subfamily: Ptereleotrinae

Family: Trichonotidae – Sand divers

Order Gonorynchiformes

Family: Chanidae

Family: Gonorynchidae – Beaked sandfish

Order: Holocentriformes

Family: Holocentridae – Squirrelfishes and Soldierfishes

Subfamily: Holocentrinae – Squirrelfishes

  • Spotfin squirrelfish Neoniphon sammara (Forsskål, 1775) (Tropical Indo-Pacific south to Durban)[3]
  • Tailspot squirrelfish Sargocentron caudimaculatum (Rüppell, 1838) (Red sea and Indo-Pacific south to Xora river mouth, Transkei)[3]
  • Crown squirrelfish Sargocentron diadema (Lacepède, 1802) (Durban to Mozambique)[4] (Indo-Pacific south to East London)[3]
  • Dark-striped squirrelfish Sargocentron praslin (Lacepède, 1802) (Indo-West Pacific reported by Smith to reach Durban, but no specimens available from south of Mozambique)[3]
  • Speckled squirrelfish Sargocentron punctatissimum (Cuvier, 1829) (Indo-Pacific south to Algoa Bay)[3]
  • Sabre squirrelfish Sargocentron spiniferum (Forsskål, 1775) (Red sea and east coast of Africa south to Natal)[3]

Subfamily: Myripristinae – Soldierfishes

  • Shadowfin soldier Myripristis adusta Bleeker, 1853 (Indo-Pacific south to Natal)[3]
  • Bigscale soldier, Blotcheye soldierfish, Myripristis berndti Jordan and Evermann, 1903 (Indo-Pacific south to Natal)[3]
  • Pale soldier, Myripristis botche Cuvier, 1829, recorded as sym. Myripristis melanosticta Bleeker, 1863, (Indian ocean (Sri Lanka, Maldives and Sodwana Bay) to Japan and New Hebrides)[3][100]
  • Yellowfin soldier, Myripristis chryseres Jordan and Evermann, 1903 (Aliwal shoal)[3]
  • Epaulette soldier, Myripristis kuntee (Cuvier, 1831) (Indo-Pacific south to Natal)[3]
  • Blotcheye soldier, Myripristis murdjan (Forsskål, 1775) (Transkei to Mozambique)[4](Red Sea and Ind-Pacific south to Natal)[3]
  • Lattice soldier Myripristis violacea Bleeker, 1851, (Indo-Pacific south to Natal)[3]
  • Shy soldier Plectrypops lima (Valenciennes, 1831) (Indo-West Pacific south to Natal)[3]

Order Kurtiformes

Family: Apogonidae – Cardinal fishes (see also Epigonidae)

Subfamily: Apogoninae

Subfamily: Pseudaminae

Order Lampriformes

Family: Lamprididae – Opahs (Lampridae in Smiths)

  • Spotted opah Lampris guttatus (Brünnich, 1788) (all oceans but not in polar waters, occurs throughout South African waters, usually well offshore)[3]
  • Southern opah Lampris immaculatus Gilchrist, 1904 (Circumglobal south of 30°S)[3]

Family: Lophotidae – Crestfishes

  • Unicorn crestfish Eumecichthys fiski (Günther, 1890) (1 specimen, Kalk Bay in False Bay)[3]
  • Crestfish Lophotus lacepede Giorna, 1809 (Cape to Plettenberg Bay, rare but widely distributed in all oceans)[3]

Family: Radiicephalidae – Tapertail

Family: Regalecidae – Oarfishes

Family: Trachipteridae – Ribbonfishes

  • Polka-dot ribbonfish Desmodema polystictum (Ogilby, 1898) (1 juvenile washed ashore at Xora river and 1 found at Simon's Town, False Bay)[3]
  • Blacktail ribbonfish Trachipterus jacksonensis (Ramsay, 1881) (East London and off Cape Town)[3]
  • Peregrine ribbonfish Trachipterus trachypterus (Gmelin, 1789) (off Table Bay)[3]
  • Scalloped ribbonfish Zu cristatus (Bonelli, 1819), (prejuveniles collected at Luderitz, Algoa bay and Durban)[3]
  • Taper tail ribbonfish Zu elongatus (Heemstra and Kannemeyer, 1984) (4 specimens trawled off the western Cape coast)[3]

Order Lophiiformes – Anglerfishes

Family: Antennariidae – Anglers

  • Big angler Antennarius commersoni (Latreille, 1804) (Natal, Red Sea and tropical Indo-West Pacific to Hawaiian islands)[3]
  • Shaggy angler, shaggy frogfish, Antennarius hispidus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Indo-West Pacific, south to Knysna)[3]
  • Painted angler, painted frogfish, Antennarius pictus (Shaw and Nodder, 1794) (Durban to Zanzibar and tropical Indo-West Pacific to Hawaii)[3][4]
  • Striped angler,striated frogfish, Antennarius striatus (Shaw and Nodder, 1794) (Algoa Bay through Indo-West Pacific to Hawaiian islands)[3]
  • Freckled angler Antennatus coccineus (Lesson, 1831), recorded as syn. Antennarius coccineus (Lesson, 1831), (Natal; throughout Indian Ocean, Red Sea and tropical Pacific to Hawaiian islands; Tropical and eastern Pacific off Costa Rica and Cocos and Galapagos islands)[3][118]
  • Pygmy angler, Antennatus tuberosus (Cuvier, 1817), recorded as syn. Antennarius tuberosus (Cuvier, 1817) (Natal, Maputo, Madagascar, Aldabra islands, and throughout Indo-West Pacific including Hawaiian and Line islands, and Taumotu Archipelago to Pitcairn island)[3][4][119]
  • Sargassum fish, Histrio histrio (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cape Point to Mozambique)[3][4]

Family: Ceratiidae – Seadevils

  • Ceratias holboelli Krøyer, 1845 (single specimen off Cape Town at 34°12'S, 16°35'E; Nearly cosmopolitan in the world's oceans)[3]
  • Ceratias tentaculatus (Norman, 1930) (Specimens from off Dealagoa bay, off southern Natal, off Saldanha bay. Throughout southern oceans)[3]
  • Cryptopsaras couesii Gill, 1883 (off Cape of Good Hope, all major oceans)[3]

Family: Chaunacidae – Coffinfishes

  • Chaunax penicillatus McCulloch, 1915 (Natal and Southern Mozambique)[3]
  • Chaunax pictus Lowe, 1846 (Knysna to Natal)[3]

Family: Himantolophidae – Footballfish

Family: Linophrynidae – Dwarf anglers

  • Linophryne parini Bertelsen, 1980 (1 specimen off Port Alfred)[3]
  • Linophryne lucifer Collett, 1886, recorded as syn. Linophryne digitopogon Balushkin and Trunov, 1988, (1 specimen off Hondeklipbaai on west coast)[3][120]

Family: Lophiidae – Monks

  • Natal monk Lophiodes insidiator (Regan, 1921) (Natal to northern Madagascar)[3]
  • Lophiodes mutilus (Alcock, 1893) (Indo-West Pacific south to Natal)[3]
  • Lophiomus setigerus (Vahl, 1797) (Indo-West Pacific south to False Bay)[3]
  • Monk, Lophius vomerinus (Valenciennes, 1837), also recorded as syn. Lophius upsicephalus Smith, 1841 [121](off Cape of Good Hope; Eastern South Atlantic and South western Indian Ocean off South Africa; Bay of Bengal off Burma)[3]

Family: Melanocetidae – Devil-anglers

Family: Ogcocephalidae – Seabats

  • Coelophrys micropus (Alcock, 1891), recorded as Halieutopsis micropus (Alcock, 1891) (off Durban; South Africa to Philippines)[3][122]
  • Circular seabat, Halieutaea fitzsimonsi (Gilchrist and Thompson, 1916) (Plettenberg bay to Tugela river, Natal)[3]
  • Hairy seabat, Halieutaea hancocki Regan, 1908 (Tropical Indian Ocean; off Natal)[3]
  • Spiny seabat, Halieutaea indica Annandale & Jenkins, 1910, recorded as syn. Halieutaea spicata Smith, 1965 (1 specimen, Isipingo, Natal)[3][123]
  • Longnose seabat, Malthopsis lutea Alcock, 1891 (off Knysna; Eastern Indian Ocean and Japan)[3]
  • Malthopsis mitrigera Gilbert and Cramer, 1897 (Natal to the Philippines, Japan and Hawaii)[3]
  • Spearnose seabat Malthopsis tiarella Jordan, 1902 (Natal and Japan)[3]
  • Solocisquama stellulata (Gilbert, 1905), recorded as syn. Dibranchus stellulatus Gilbert, 1905 (Off Natal; Hawaii)[3][124]

Order Mugiliformes

Family: Mugilidae – Mullets

  • Groovy mullet, Chelon dumerili (Steindachner, 1870), recorded as syn. Liza dumerili (Steindachner, 1870) (Breede River to Bazaruto)[3][4][125]
  • Southern mullet, Chelon richardsonii (Smith, 1846), recorded as syn. Liza richardsonii (Smith, 1846) (Kunene River to St. Lucia Estuary)[3][4][126]
  • Striped mullet, Chelon tricuspidens (Smith, 1935), recorded as syn. Liza tricuspidens (Smith, 1935) (Mossel Bay to northern Kosi estuary)[3][4][127]
  • Bluetail mullet, Crenimugil buchanani (Bleeker, 1853), recorded as syn. Valamugil buchanani (Bleeker, 1854) (Knysna to Indo-West Pacific)[3][4][128]
  • Bluespot mullet, Crenimugil seheli (Fabricius, 1775), recorded as syn. Valamugil seheli (Forsskål, 1775) (Indo-West Pacific south to Transkei)[3][129]
  • Squaretail mullet, Ellochelon vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825), recorded as syn. Liza vaigiensis (Quoy and Gaimard, 1825) (Indo-West Pacific, south to Durban)[3][130]
  • Flathead mullet Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 (All warm and temperate seas, estuaries and rivers)[3][4]
  • Longarm mullet, Osteomugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836), recorded as syn. Valamugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) (Indo-West Pacific, occasionally reaches Natal)[3][131]
  • Diamond mullet, Planiliza alata (Steindachner, 1892), recorded as syn. Liza alata (Steindachner, 1892), (Indo-West Pacific to Algoa Bay)[3][132]
  • Large-scale mullet, Planiliza macrolepis (Smith, 1846), recorded as syn. Liza macrolepis (Smith, 1846) (Indo-West Pacific to Port Alfred)[3]
  • St. Lucia mullet, giantscale mullet, otomebora mullet, Planiliza melinoptera (Valenciennes, 1836) recorded as syn. Liza luciae (Penrith & Penrith, 1967), and as syn. Liza melinoptera (Valenciennes, 1836) (Northern Transkei to southern Mozambique, Indo-West Pacific,)[3][133][134]
  • Freshwater mullet, Pseudomyxus capensis (Valenciennes, 1836), recorded as syn. Myxus capensis (Valenciennes, 1836) (Knysna to KwaZulu-Natal)[3][4][135]

Order Mulliformes

Family: Mullidae – Goatfishes

Order Myctophiformes

Family: Myctophidae – Lanternfishes

  • Benthosema fibulatum (Gilbert and Cramer, 1897) (Indian Ocean (18°N - 20°S), to 42°S in Agulhas current)[3]
  • Benthosema suborbitale (Gilbert, 1913) (tropical distribution in 3 major oceans, extensions to 50°S and 50°N in western boundary currents)[3]
  • Bolinichthys indicus (Nafpaktitis and Nafpaktitis, 1969) (Indian Ocean (20° - 45°S); Atlantic (20° - 50°N and 20° - 40°S))[3]
  • Stubby lanternfish, Bolinichthys supralateralis (Parr, 1928) (off Cape Peninsula and in Agulgas current; Atlantic (40°N - 02°S and 32° to 40°S); Indian Ocean (21° - 30°S); west coast of Australia and near Hawaii)[3]
  • Roundnose lanternfish, Centrobranchus nigroocellatus (Günther, 1873) (Atlantic (40°N - 36°S); Indian Ocean (08° - 34°S) and off Chile and New Zealand)[3]
  • Warming's lantern fish, Ceratoscopelus warmingii (Lütken, 1892) (Atlantic(42°N - 40°S); Indian Ocean (20°N - 45°S);tropical/subtropical Pacific)[3]
  • Bright lanternfish, Ctenoscopelus phengodes (Lütken, 1892), recorded as syn. Myctophum phengodes (Lütken, 1892) (Off all South African coasts)[3][138]
  • Dasyscopelus asper, (Richardson, 1845), recorded as syn. Myctophum asperum Richardson, 1845, (off east coast and in Agulhas water pockets off west coast.)[3][139]
  • Dasyscopelus obtusirostris (Tåning, 1928), recorded as syn. Myctophum obtusirostre Tåning, 1928 (In Agulhas current and off west coast in pockets of Agulhas water)[3][140]
  • Wisner's lanternfish, Dasyscopelus selenops (Tåning, 1928), recorded as syn. Myctophum selenops Tåning, 1928 (West of Cape Peninsula in Agulhas water pockets)[3][141]
  • Spiny lanternfish, Dasyscopelus spinosus (Steindachner, 1867), recorded as syn. Myctophum spinosum (Steindachner, 1867) (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets)[3][142]
  • Short-headed lantern fish, Diaphus brachycephalus Tåning, 1928 (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets; broadly tropical in Atlantic and Indo-Pacific)[3]
  • Crown lanternfish. Diaphus diadematus Tåning, 1928 (in Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets and warmed upwelled central water northwards to 18°S; Indian Ocean (02°N - 38°S, and in Mozambique channel, but absent in central sector)[3]
  • Dumeril's lanternfish, Diaphus dumerilii (Bleeker, 1856) (off west coast as pseudoceanic pelagic species southward to 23°S)[3]
  • Headlight fish, Diaphus effulgens (Goode and Bean, 1896) (off all SA coasts)[3]
  • Garman's lanternfish, Diaphus garmani (Gilbert, 1906)(east coast continental shelf/slope southwards to about 26°S)[3]
  • Hudson's lanternfish, Diaphus hudsoni (Zubrigg and Scott, 1976) (From 18°S off west coast to 27°S off east coast)[3]
  • Jensen's lanternfish, Diaphus jenseni Tåning, 1932 (one record at 33°49'S, 27°48'E; Indo-Pacific)[3]
  • Spotlight lanternfish, Diaphus lucidus (Goode and Bean, 1896) (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Atlantic(40°N - 38°S, but absent in Benguela upwelling region); also Indo-Pacific)[3]
  • Luetken's lanternfish, Diaphus luetkeni (Brauer, 1904) (In Agulhas current to 37°S. Atlantic (42°N - 11°S) also Indo-Pacific)[3]
  • Mead's lanternfish, Diaphus meadi Nafpaktitis, 1978 (In upwelled waters off west coast northwards to at least 21°S. Circumglobal convergence species (32° - 41°S))[3]
  • Spothead lantern fish, Diaphus metopoclampus Cocco, 1829 South of 29°S off west coast and 27°S off east coast. Mediterranean, Atlantic, Indo-West Pacific)[3]
  • Soft lanternfish, Diaphus mollis Tåning, 1928 (off all SA coasts, Broadly tropical distribution in all major oceans)[3]
  • Diaphus nielseni Nafpaktitis, 1978 (taken once from Agulhas current (30°17'S, 31°25'E); off east coast of Madagascar, in Mozambique channel, and from southeast Asian seas to southern Japan)[3]
  • Ostenfeld's lanternfish, Diaphus ostenfeldi Tåning, 1932 (off west coast northwards to about 23°S; Circumglobal convergence species (35° - 45°S))[3]
  • Parr's lanternfish, Diaphus parri Tåning, 1932 (in Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets, Indian Ocean (10°N - 12°S with extension to 25°S in Mozambique channel), southeast Asian seas and Pacific (tropical waters west of 95°W))[3]
  • Transparent lanternfish, Diaphus perspicillatus (Ogilby,1898) (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Broadly tropical species in Atlantic (45°N - 36°S, but absent in southeastern sector); Indo-Pacific)[3]
  • Problematic lanternfish, Diaphus problematicus Parr, 1928 (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Atlantic(40°N - 39°S but absent south of 13°S in eastern sector); tropical Indo-Pacific with extensions into higher latitudes in western boundary currents)[3]
  • Diaphus richardsoni Tåning, 1932 (Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets)[3]
  • Horned lanternfish, Diaphus splendidus (Brauer, 1904) (in Agulhas current southward to 31°S; Atlantic (40°N to 28°S, but absent south of 10°S in eastern sector); Indo-Pacific)[3]
  • Slopewater lanternfish, Diaphus taaningi Norman, 1930 (over west coast continental shelf/slope southward to 24°S. Amphitropical species in Atlantic(western sector; tropical waters to 42°N; eastern sector: southward from Mauretanian upwelling region to South African region)[3]
  • Watases lanternfish, Diaphus watasei Jordan and Starks, 1904 (Over east coast continental shelf/slope southwards to about 30°S)[3]
  • Longfin lanternfish, Diogenichthys atlanticus (Tåning, 1928) (Atlantic (50°N - 48°S), Indian Ocean (22° - 45°S) and Pacific (35°N - 35°S, but absent in equatorial waters west of 130°W and near Hawaii)[3]
  • Diogenichthys panurgus Bolin, 1946 (In Agulhas current to about 38°S and in Indian Ocean (19°N - 05°S))[3]
  • Risso's lanternfish,Electrona risso (Cocco, 1829) (off east and west coasts of South Africa. Widespread in Atlantic (55°N - 40°S), Mediterranean, Indian Ocean (0° - 40°S), Tasman sea and Cook Strait, and eastern Pacific (42°N - 20°S))[3]
  • Barne's lanternfish, Gonichthys barnesi Whitley, 1943 (Off east and west coasts, south of 30°S. Convergence species in all 3 oceans (30° - 40°S))[3]
  • Gymnoscopelus braueri (Lönnberg, 1905) (Circumglobal between Subtropical convergence and Antarctica)[3]
  • Southern blacktip lanternfish, Gymnoscopelus piabilis (Whitley, 1931) (off west coast in Benguela upwelling region)[3]
  • Hansen's lanternfish, Hygophum hanseni (Tåning, 1932) (From 30°S on west coast to 33°S on east coast. Convergence species (30° to 43°S) in all 3 oceans)[3]
  • Bermuda lanternfish, Hygophum hygomii (Lütken, 1892) (West of Cape Peninsula and off east coast (25° - 37°S))[3]
  • Hygophum proximum Bekker, 1965) (South to about 37°S in Agulhas current; Indian Ocean (25°N - 10°S))[3]
  • Luminous lanternfish, Lampadena luminosa (Garman, 1899) (In Agulhas current. In all 3 oceans (20°N - 20°S) with extensions into higher latitudes in western boundary currents)[3]
  • Lampadena notialis Nafpaktitis and Paxton, 1968 (Off east coast and cape peninsula; convergence species in all 3 oceans)[3]
  • Mirror lanternfish, Lampadena speculigera Goode and Bean, 1896 (Off west and southeast coasts. Atlantic (66° - 35°N and 35° - 45°S), Indian Ocean (30° to 45°S) and Pacific Ocean (30° - 45°S))[3]
  • Onderbaadjie, Hector's lanternfish, Lampanyctodes hectoris (Common in Benguela uprising region)[3]
  • Lampanyctus achirus Andriashev, 1962 (Southern Benguela upwelling region, off south and east coasts, north to about 31°S)[3]
  • Lampanyctus alatus Goode and Bean, 1896 (Off all South African coasts; Atlantic (46°N - 38°S), Indian Ocean (0° - 39°S)[3]
  • Lampanyctus ater Tåning, 1928 (Off all South African coasts; Atlantic (58° - 17°N and 15° - 40°S) and Indian Ocean (12° - 44°S))[3]
  • Southern lanternfish, Lampanyctus australis Tåning, 1932 (Off all South African coasts; Circumglobal convergence species(33° - 43°S with northern extension to about 27°S in eastern boundary currents))[3]
  • Lampanyctus festivus Tåning, 1928 (off all South African coasts. Atlantic(53° - 18°N and 28° - 40°S with northern extension to 12°S in Benguela current and Indo-West Pacific.)[3]
  • Lampanyctus intricarius Tåning, 1928 (In southern Benguela upwelling region. Atlantic (65° - 32°N and region of subtropical convergence) and Indo-Pacific (region of subtropical convergence, with northern extension to 18°S in eastern boundary currents)[3]
  • Lampanyctus lepidolychnus Bekker, 1967 (off all South African coasts, circumglobal convergence species (23° - 48°S))[3]
  • Lampanyctus lineatus Tåning, 1928 (Taken once at 34°12'S, 16°35'E)[3]
  • Lampanyctus macdonaldi (Goode and Bean, 1896) (West of Cape Peninsula, Circumglobal between subtropical convergence and Antarctic polar front)[3]
  • Lampanyctus nobilis Tåning, 1928 (In agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Atlantic (40°N - 21°S), Indo-Pacific)[3]
  • Lampanyctus pusillus (Johnson, 1890) (Off all South African coasts. Bisubtropical species in all major oceans)[3]
  • Lampanyctus turneri (Fowler, 1934) (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets. Tropical and subtropical waters between south China sea and western Indian Ocean)[3]
  • Lampichthys procerus (Brauer, 1904) (Off Cape Peninsula, circumglobal convergence species (32° - 48°S) with extensions into lower latitudes in eastern boundary currents)[3]
  • Lobianchia dofleini (Zugmayer, 1911) (Off all South African coasts. Mediterranean, Atlantic (50°N - 40°S), Indian Ocean (23° - 38°S), Tasman sea and south Pacific(region of subtropical convergence))[3]
  • Cocco's lantern fish, Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838) (off all South African coasts. Worldwide in tropical/subtropical waters.)[3]
  • Flaccid lanternfish, Metelectrona ventralis (Bekker, 1063) (West of Cape Peninsula in Southern Benguela upwelling region; Curcumglobal subantarctic species (36°-51°S))[3]
  • Myctophum aurolaternatum Garman, 1899 (in Agulhas current south to about 31°S)[3]
  • Myctophum nitidulum Garman, 1809 (In Agulhas current and off west coast in Agulhas water pockets)[3]
  • Notolychnus valdiviae (Brauer, 1904) (off all South African coasts)[3]
  • Notoscopelus caudispinosus (Johnson, 1863) (in Agulhas current south to 34°S. Broadly tropical in Atlantic (42°N - 37°S) and Indian oceans)[3]
  • Notoscopelus resplendens (Richardson, 1845) (off all South African coasts)[3]
  • Protomyctophum subparallelum Tåning, 1932 (off west coast at Vema seamount, Circumglobal in region of subtropical convergence with northern extension to 30°S in eastern boundary currents)[3]
  • Protomyctophum normani Tåning, 1932 (once west of Slangkop lighthouse; Circumglobal convergence species (36° - 43°S))[3]
  • Scopelopsis multipunctatus Brauer, 1906 (off all South African coasts)[3]
  • Symbolophorus barnardi (Tåning, 1932) (occurs off all South African coasts)[3]
  • Symbolophorus boops (Richardson, 1845) (Southern Benguela upwelling region north to 25°S; circumglobal in and south of subtropical convergence)[3]
  • Symbolophorus evermanni (Gilbert, 1905) (Agilhas current south to about 33°S; tropical Indo-Pacific)[3]
  • Taaningichthys bathyphilus (Tåning, 1928) (off east coast (30° - 33°S); widespread in all three oceans)[3]
  • Taaningichthys minimus (Tåning, 1928) (taken at 34°15'S, 16°00'E; Atlantic (40° - 20°N and 08° - 38°S), Indian Ocean (20° - 30°S); central and eastern North Pacific)[3]
  • Triphoturus nigrescens (Brauer, 1904) (In Agulhas current south to about 40°S; Indian Ocean (08°N - 15°S) and Pacific Ocean (30°N - 30°S))[3]

Family: Neoscopelidae – Blackchins

Order Notacanthiformes

Family: Halosauridae – Halosaurs

Family: Notacanthidae – Spiny eels

Order Ophidiiformes

Family: Aphyonidae – Aphyonids

  • Aphyonus brevidorsalis Nielsen, 1969 (1 specimen 34°09'S, 30°45'E)[3]
  • Gelatinous blindfish, Aphyonus gelatinosus Günther, 1878 (1 specimen off Natal, all oceans)[3]
  • ?Barathronus bicolor Goode and Bean, 1886 (off Cape Point, specimen lost, identification dubious)[3]
  • Spotted gelatinous cusk, Barathronus maculatus Shcherbachev, 1976 (off Durban, northern Madagascar and Japan)[3]

Family: Bythitidae – Bythitids or Brotulas

Family: Carapidae – Pearlfishes

Family: Ophidiidae – Cuskeels

Family: Parabrotulidae – False brotulas

Order Osmeriformes

Family Leptochilichthyidae

  • Leptochilichthys pinguis (Vaillant, 1886) (one specimen from off South Africa 36°40'S, 20°10E)[3]

Order Ovalentaria incertae sedis

Family: Ambassidae – Glassies

  • Longspine glassy, Ambassis ambassis (Lacepède, 1802), recorded as syn. Ambassis productus Guichenot, 1866 (Madagascar and east African coast south to southern Natal)[3][144]
  • Glassy or Bald glassy Ambassis gymnocephalus (Lacepède, 1802) (Port Elizabeth to tropical Indian Ocean)[3][4]
  • Slender glassy Ambassis natalensis Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 (Natal south to Umtata River)[3]

Family: Opistognathidae – Jawfishes

  • Halfscaled jawfish Opistognathus margaretae Smith-Vaniz, 1983 (Natal to Shimoni, Kenya)[3]
  • Robust jawfish Opistognathus muscatensis Boulenger, 1887 (Durban to the Persian gulf)[3]
  • Bridled jawfish Opistognathus nigromarginatus Rüppell, 1830 (Natal to south China Sea)[3]

Family: Plesiopidae – Longfins Subfamily: Acanthoclininae – Spiny basslets

  • Scotty Acanthoplesiops indicus (Day, 1888) (Tropical Indian Ocean from India to Durban)[3]

Subfamily: Plesiopinae

  • Spotted longfin Plesiops multisquamata Inger, 1955 (Known only from Natal)[3]

Family: Pomacentridae – Damselfishes

Family: Pseudochromidae – Dottybacks

Subfamily: Congrogadinae – Snakelets

  • Snakelet Halidesmus scapularis Günther, 1872 (Cape Columbine to Transkei)[4](False Bay to Coffee Bay)[3]
  • Zulu snakelet Halimuraena shakai Winterbottom, 1978 (Sodwana Bay)[3]
  • Pencil snakelet Natalichthys leptus Winterbottom, 1980 (Natal, off Umhlangankulu River)[3]
  • Natal snakelet Natalichthys ori Winterbottom, 1980 (Natal, off Umhlangankulu River)[3]
  • Nail snakelet Natalichthys sam Winterbottom, 1980 (Natal, off Port Shepstone)[3]

Subfamily: Pseudochrominae

Subfamily: Pseudoplesiopinae

Order Perciformes

6 suborders and 20 families are represented:

Order Pleuronectiformes – Flatfishes

Family: Achiropsettidae

  • Neoachiropsetta milfordi (Penrith, 1965) (off Cape Town, Argentina, Falkland Islands and New Zealand)[3](syn. Mancopsetta milfordi Penrith, 1965)

Family: Bothidae – Lefteye flounders

Family: Citharidae – Largescale flounders

Family: Paralichthyidae

Family: Pleuronectidae – Righteye flounders

Family: Cynoglossidae – Tonguefishes

Family: Soleidae – Soles

Order Polymixiiformes

Family: Polymixiidae – Beardfishes

  • Pacific beardfish Polymixia berndti Gilbert, 1905 (Off Natal, Kenya, Philippines, Japan and Hawaii)[3]

Order Saccopharyngiformes

Family: Cyematidae – Arrow eels

  • Bobtail eel, snipe eel, scissorjaw eel, or arrow eel, Cyema atrum Günther, 1878 (Off southwest coast)[3]
  • Neocyema erythrosoma Castle, 1978 (west of Cape Town)[3]

Order: Scombriformes

Family: Ariommatidae

Family: Centrolophidae – Ruffs

  • Black ruff Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789) (Temperate waters of Australia, New Zealand, South America and South Africa, also North Atlantic and Mediterranean)[3]
  • Antarctic butterfish Hyperoglyphe antarctica (Carmichael, 1818) (Temperate waters; islands of south Atlantic and southern Indian oceans; New Zealand, southern Australia and South Africa)[3]
  • New Zealand ruffe, Schedophilus huttoni (Waite, 1910) (Circumglobal in southern ocean, taken off Cape Town, common off Namibia)[3]
  • Black butterfish or Peregrine driftfish, Schedophilus velaini (Sauvage, 1879) (Gulf of Guinea, to South Africa)[3](syn. Hyperoglypha moselii (Cunningham, 1910))
  • Flabby driftfish, Tasmanian ruffe, Tubbia tasmanica Whitley, 1943 (Temperate waters of Southern Ocean; New Zealand, Tasmania and South Africa off Natal)[3]

Family: Chiasmodontidae – Swallowers

Family: Gempylidae – Snake mackerels

Family: Nomeidae – Driftfishes

Family: Pomatomidae – Elf

Family: Scombridae – Tunas, mackerels and bonitos

Subfamily: Gasterochismatinae

Subfamily: Scombrinae

Family: Stromateidae

Family: Tetragonuridae – Squaretails

Family: Trichiuridae – Frostfishes

  • Aphanopus mikhailini Parin, 1983 (Walters shoal)[3]
  • Slender frostfish, Benthodesmus elongatus (Clarke, 1879), recorded as syn. Benthodesmus elongatus elongatus (Clarke, 1879) (New Zealand, Australia and South Africa, once found off Natal)[3][157]
  • Buttersnoek, silver scabbardfish, Lepidopus caudatus (Euphrasen, 1788) (Mediterranean, eastern Atlantic from Norway to South Africa, Australia and new Zealand)[3]
  • Cutlass fish Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758 (Cosmopolitan in tropical and temperate waters)[3]

Order Siluriformes – Catfishes

Family: Ariidae – Sea catfishes

Family: Plotosidae – Eel catfishes

  • Striped eel-catfish, Plotosus lineatus (Thunberg, 1787) (Port Elizabeth to Mozambique)[3][4]
  • Stinging eel-catfish, Plotosus nkunga Gomon & Taylor, 1982 (Knysna to Kosi Bay)[3][4]

Order Stomiiformes

Family: Gonostomatidae – Bristlemouths

  • Benttooth bristlemouth, Cyclothone acclinidens Garman, 1899 (off Cape Point; tropical/subtropical in all three major oceans)[3]
  • Bristlemouth, Cyclothone alba Brauer, 1906 (off Saldanha; all three major oceans)[3]
  • Veiled anglemouth, Cyclothone microdon (Günther, 1878) (inshore from Saldanha to Mossel Bay; All 3 major oceans)[3]
  • Tan bristlemouth, Cyclothone pallida Brauer, 1902 (all three major oceans)[3]
  • Slender bristlemouth, Cyclothone pseudopallida Mukhacheva, 1964 (Off Cape Agulhas; all three major oceans)[3]
  • Rebain's portholefish, Diplophos rebainsi Krefft and Parin, 1972 (off south western Cape coast; Southern Atlantic and south-eastern Pacific Oceans)[3]
  • Diplophos taenia Günther, 1873 (all three major oceans; all around SA coast)[3]
  • Gonostoma atlanticum Norman, 1930 ( 25°26'S, 38°11'E and 39°01'S, 20°04'E; tropical/subtropical all oceans)[3]
  • Gonostoma denudatum Rafinesque, 1810 (Temperate/subtropical Atlantic; off Southern Africa to ca. 37°S)[3]
  • Margrethia obtusirostra Jespersen & Tåning, 1919 (off Cape Agulhas and 25°26'S, 38°11'E; all three major oceans)[3]
  • Margrethia valentinae Parin, 1982 (off South Africa (c. 37°S, 20°;E -20°W; probably part of Circumglobal Subtropical Convergence fauna)[3]
  • Sigmops bathyphilus (Vaillant, 1884), recorded as syn. Gonostoma bathyphilum (Vaillant, 1884) (off Cape Point; temperate/subtropical Atlantic and Pacific oceans)[3][158]
  • Elongated bristlemouth fish, Sigmops elongatus (Günther, 1878), recorded as syn. Gonostoma elongatum Günther, 1878 (off Saldanha; all three major oceans)[3][159]

Family: Phosichthyidae – Lightfishes

Family: Sternoptychidae – Hatchetfishes

Subfamily: Maurolicinae

Subfamily: Sternoptychinae

Family: Stomiidae

Subfamily: Astronesthinae – Snaggletooths

  • Astronesthes boulengeri Gilchrist, 1902 (southeast of Cape Point, Circumpolar between 30° and 40°S)[3]
  • Astronesthes indicus Brauer, 1902 (Circumglobal in tropical waters, Taken between 33° and 35°S on Atlantic side)[3]
  • Astronesthes martensii Klunzinger, 1871 (Indonesia to Red Sea and south to Durban)[3]
  • Borostomias mononema (Regan and Trewavas, 1929) (mainly in tropical waters of Atlantic and Indian oceans, Reported from Atlantic side at about 28°S and from Indian Ocean to about 25°S)[3]
  • Neonesthes capensis (Gilchrist and von Bonde, 1924) (off South Africa, Subtropical/temperate waters of all oceans)[3]

Subfamily: Idiacanthinae – Sawtail-fishes

Subfamily: Malacosteinae – Loosejaws

  • Aristostomias polydactylus Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (Taken once on Atlantic side, once on Indian Ocean side of the area, occurs in all three major oceans)[3]
  • Malacosteus niger Ayres, 1848 (Tropical and subtropical in all three major oceans)[3]

Subfamily: Melanostomiinae – Scaleless dragonfishes

  • Bathophilus digitatus (Welsh, 1923) (single specimen from off Cape Town; North Atlantic, Indian and pacific oceans)[3]
  • Bathophilus longipinnis (Pappenheim, 1912) (off Cape Town; occurs widely in all three major oceans)[3]
  • Bathophilus nigerrimus Giglioli, 1884 (Off Cape Town and off Port Elizabeth to Mozambique channel)[3]
  • Echiostoma barbatum Lowe, 1843 (Southeast of Algoa Bay and off Cape Town; widespread in tropical/subtropical waters of all oceans)[3]
  • Eustomias bulbornatus Gibbs, 1960 (south and west of Cape of Good Hope; Tropical Indian and Pacific oceans)[3]
  • Eustomias filifer (Gilchrist, 1906) (off Cape Point; tropical and subtropical Atlantic)[3]
  • Eustomias grandibulbus Gibbs, Clarke and Gomon, 1983 (off Cape Town)[3]
  • Eustomias lipochirus Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (2 specimens from south west of Cape of Good Hope; Tropical/subtropical Atlantic)[3]
  • Eustomias schmidti Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (off Cape Town; occurs widely in all three major oceans)[3]
  • Eustomias trewavasae Norman, 1930 (circumglobal between about 33° and 40°S)[3]
  • Leptostomias gladiator (Zugmayer, 1911) (Tropical, subtropical and temperate Atlantic, also Indian and Pacific oceans)[3]
  • Melanostomias bartonbeani Parr, 1927 (once off Cape Columbine; widespread in Atlantic and southern Indian oceans)[3]
  • Melanostomias niger Gilchrist and von Bonde, 1924 (widespread in Atlantic between 20° and 50°S)[3]
  • Melanostomias valdiviae Brauer, 1902 (off Cape Town and northeast of Durban; all three major oceans)[3]
  • Opostomias micripnus (Günther, 1878) (northwest of Cape Town; occurs across the Atlantic, Pacific and possibly Indian Ocean south of about 33°S)[3] (syn. Opostomias gibsonpacei Barnard, 1948)
  • Pachystomias microdon (Günther, 1878) (off Western Cape coast; widespread in all three major oceans)(Günther, 1878)[3]
  • Photonectes braueri (Zugmayer, 1913) (off Cape Town; Atlantic and western Indian Ocean)[3]
  • Photonectes parvimanus Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (off west coast; north Atlantic and central Pacific)[3]
  • Trigonolampa miriceps Regan and Trewavas, 1930 (off west coast; apparently circumglobal in Southern Ocean south of 30°S)[3]

Subfamily: Stomiinae – Scaly dragonfishes

  • Stomias longibarbatus (Brauer, 1902), recorded as syn. Macrostomias longibarbatus Brauer, 1902 (Taken once off Cape of Good Hope, Widespread in subtropical and tropical Atlantic and tropical Indian and Pacific oceans)[3][160]
  • Stomias boa (Risso, 1810), recorded as syn. Stomias boa boa (Risso, 1810) (Taken offshore throughout the area)[3][161]
  • Sloane's viperfish, Chauliodus sloani Schneider, 1801 (Taken offshore throughout the area)[3]

Order: Stylephoriformes

Family: Stylephoridae – Tube-eye

  • Stylephorus chordatus Shaw, 1791 (Three specimens taken off the east coast between 31°51'S - 33°10'S, 28°17'E - 30°01'E)[3]

Order Syngnathiformes

Family: Aulostomidae – Trumpetfishes

Family: Centriscidae – Snipefishes and shrimpfishes

Family: Fistulariidae – Flutemouths

Family: Solenostomidae – Ghost pipefishes

Family: Syngnathidae – Seahorses and pipefishes

Order Tetraodontiformes

Family: Balistidae – Triggerfishes

Family: Diodontidae – Burrfishes and porcupinefishes

Family: Molidae – Ocean sunfishes

Family: Monacanthidae – Filefishes

Family: Ostraciidae – Boxfishes

Subfamily: Aracaninae

  • Chubby basketfish, Anoplocapros inermis (Fraser-Brunner, 1935), recorded as syn. Anoplocapros robustus (Fraser-Brunner, 1941) and syn. Strophiurichthys robustus Fraser-Brunner, 1941, (one specimen from Algoa Bay)[3][171]

Subfamily: Ostraciinae

Family: Tetraodontidae – Blaasops or Puffers

Family: Triacanthodidae – Spikefishes

Order: Trachichthyiformes

Family: Anoplogastridae – Fangtooth

  • Fangtooth Anoplogaster cornuta (Valenciennes, 1839) (In Agulhas current to about 29°S; north of 35°S off west coast. Worldwide between 46&degN and 46°S)[3]

Family: Diretmidae – Spinyfins

  • Diretmichthys parini (Post & Quéro, 1981), recorded as syn. Diretmoides parini Post and Quéro, 1981 (Tropical to temperate in Atlantic ocean with gap between 7°N -17°S; probably curcumglobal in southern oceans)[3][176]

Family: Monocentridae – Pineapple fishes

  • Pineapple fish Monocentris japonica (Houttuyn, 1782) (Indo-West Pacific and Red Sea south to Mossel Bay)[3](Recorded from False Bay on at least two occasions)[99]

Family: Trachichthyidae – Slimeheads

Order Zeiformes

Family: Grammicolepididae – Tinselfishes

Family: Oreosomatidae – Oreos

Family: Zeidae – Dories

  • Cyttopsis rosea (Lowe, 1843) (off Natal, Eastern Atlantic from France to Southern Angola, Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, Southwest coast of India, Maldives and Japan)[3]
  • King dory, Cyttus traversi Hutton, 1872 (Walvis ridge and off cape town to Algoa bay, south coast of Australia and New Zealand)[3]
  • Buckler dory Zenopsis conchifer (Lowe, 1850) (Walvis Bay to Natal and north to India)[3]
  • Cape dory, Zeus capensis Valenciennes, 1835 (St Helena Bay to Natal)[3]
  • John Dory Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758 (common along whole SA coast)[3]

Family: Zenionidae – Zeniontids

Gigaclass Sarcopterygii – Lobefin fishes

Class Coelacanthi

Order Coelacanthiformes – Coelacanths

Family: Latimeriidae

References

  1. ^ "Osteichthyes". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  2. ^ "Acanthuridae Bonaparte, 1835". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk pl pm pn po pp pq pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd qe qf qg qh qi qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs qt qu qv qw qx qy qz ra rb rc rd re rf rg rh ri rj rk rl rm rn ro rp rq rr rs rt ru rv rw rx ry rz sa sb sc sd se sf sg sh si sj sk sl sm sn so sp sq sr ss st su sv sw sx sy sz ta tb tc td te tf tg th ti tj tk tl tm tn to tp tq tr ts tt tu tv tw tx ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us ut uu uv uw ux uy uz va vb vc vd ve vf vg vh vi vj vk vl vm vn vo vp vq vr vs vt vu vv vw vx vy vz wa wb wc wd we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc xd xe xf xg xh xi xj xk xl xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt xu xv xw xx xy xz ya yb yc yd ye yf yg yh yi yj yk yl ym yn yo yp yq yr ys yt yu yv yw yx yy yz za zb zc zd ze zf zg zh zi zj zk zl zm zn zo zp zq zr zs zt zu zv zw zx zy zz aaa aab aac aad aae aaf aag aah aai aaj aak aal aam aan aao aap aaq aar aas aat aau aav aaw aax aay aaz aba abb abc abd abe abf abg abh abi abj abk abl abm abn abo abp abq abr abs abt abu abv abw abx aby abz aca acb acc acd ace acf acg ach aci acj ack acl acm acn aco acp acq acr acs act acu acv acw acx acy acz ada adb adc add ade adf adg adh adi adj adk adl adm adn ado adp adq adr ads adt adu adv adw adx ady adz aea aeb aec aed aee aef aeg aeh aei aej aek ael aem aen aeo aep aeq aer aes aet aeu aev aew aex aey aez afa afb afc afd afe aff afg afh afi afj afk afl afm afn afo afp afq afr afs aft afu afv afw afx afy afz aga agb agc agd age agf agg agh agi agj agk agl agm agn ago agp agq agr ags agt agu agv agw agx agy agz aha ahb ahc ahd ahe ahf ahg ahh ahi ahj ahk ahl ahm ahn aho ahp ahq ahr ahs aht ahu ahv ahw ahx ahy ahz aia aib aic aid aie aif aig aih aii aij aik ail aim ain aio aip aiq air ais ait aiu aiv aiw aix aiy aiz aja ajb ajc ajd aje ajf ajg ajh aji ajj ajk ajl ajm ajn ajo ajp ajq ajr ajs ajt aju ajv ajw ajx ajy ajz aka akb akc akd ake akf akg akh aki akj akk akl akm akn ako akp akq akr aks akt aku akv akw akx aky akz ala alb alc ald ale alf alg alh ali alj alk all alm aln alo alp alq alr als alt alu alv alw alx aly alz ama amb amc amd ame amf amg amh ami amj amk aml amm amn amo amp amq amr ams amt amu amv amw amx amy amz ana anb anc and ane anf ang anh ani anj ank anl anm ann ano anp anq anr ans ant anu anv anw anx any anz aoa aob aoc aod aoe aof aog aoh aoi aoj aok aol aom aon aoo aop aoq aor aos aot aou aov aow aox aoy aoz apa apb apc apd ape apf apg aph api apj apk apl apm apn apo app apq apr aps apt apu apv apw apx apy apz aqa aqb aqc aqd aqe aqf aqg aqh aqi aqj aqk aql aqm aqn aqo aqp aqq aqr aqs aqt aqu aqv aqw aqx aqy aqz ara arb arc ard are arf arg arh ari arj ark arl arm arn aro arp arq arr ars art aru arv arw arx ary arz asa asb asc asd ase asf asg ash asi asj ask asl asm asn aso asp asq asr ass ast asu asv asw asx asy asz ata atb atc atd ate atf atg ath ati atj atk atl atm atn ato atp atq atr ats att atu atv atw atx aty atz aua aub auc aud aue auf aug auh aui auj auk aul aum aun auo aup auq aur aus aut auu auv auw aux auy auz ava avb avc avd ave avf avg avh avi avj avk avl avm avn avo avp avq avr avs avt avu avv avw avx avy avz awa awb awc awd awe awf awg awh awi awj awk awl awm awn awo awp awq awr aws awt awu awv aww awx awy awz axa axb axc axd axe axf axg axh axi axj axk axl axm axn axo axp axq axr axs axt axu axv axw axx axy axz aya ayb ayc ayd aye ayf ayg ayh ayi ayj ayk ayl aym ayn ayo ayp ayq ayr ays ayt ayu ayv ayw ayx ayy ayz aza azb azc azd aze azf azg azh azi azj azk azl azm azn azo azp azq azr azs azt azu azv azw azx azy azz Ed. Smith, Margaret M, and Heemstra, P. Smith's sea fishes. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown. Struik publishers, Cape Town, 2003.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk Branch, G.M. Griffiths, C.L. Branch, M.L. Beckley, L.E. Two Oceans: A guide to the marine life of southern Africa. 5th impression, David Philip, Cape Town, 2000. ISBN 0-86486-250-4
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  7. ^ "Secutor insidiator (Bloch, 1787)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  8. ^ "Secutor ruconius (Hamilton, 1822)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  9. ^ Heemstra, Phil & Heemstra, Elaine. Coastal Fishes of Southern AfricaNISC/SAIAB Grahamstown, 2004. ISBN 1-920033-01-7
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  11. ^ "Bathyclupea elongata Trunov, 1975". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  12. ^ "Howella sherborni (Norman, 1930)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  13. ^ "Pseudopentaceros Bleeker, 1876". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
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  15. ^ "Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland, 1844". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
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  17. ^ "Rhechias wallacei (Castle, 1968)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  18. ^ "Ophichthus bennettai McCosker, 1986". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  19. ^ "Bathylagus bericoides (Borodin, 1929)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
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  22. ^ "Benthalbella macropinna Bussing & Bussing, 1966". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  23. ^ "Ipnopidae Gill, 1884". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
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  25. ^ "Barbourisia rufa Parr, 1945". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 November 2023.}
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  28. ^ "Istiblennius impudens Smith, 1959". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
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  32. ^ Gilchrist, J.D.F.; Thompson, W.W. (1908). "The Blenniidae of South Africa". Annals of the South African Museum. 6 (pt 2, no. 2): 97–143.
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  34. ^ a b c d Wouter Holleman; Sophie van der Heyden; Guido Zsilavecz (2012). "Delineating the fishes of the Clinus superciliosus species complex in southern African waters (Blennioidei: Clinidae: Clinini), with the validation of Clinus arborescens Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908 and Clinus ornatus Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908, and with descriptions of two new species". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 166 (4): 827–853. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2012.00865.x.
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  36. ^ a b c d Kock, Alison; Stanbridge, Debbie; Brink, Rene; Holness, Stephen; Harris, Linda; Gardner, Kathryn; van Wilgen-Bredenkamp, Nicola; Mayekiso, Sisanda; Jones, Georgina. Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area – State of Knowledge Report March 2022 (PDF). Internal Report 01 / 2022 (Report). Pretoria: Scientific Services, South African National Parks. Appendix II, Table 4: Fish.
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  38. ^ "Norfolkia brachylepis (Schultz, 1960)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  39. ^ "Polydactylus indicus (Shaw, 1804)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  40. ^ "Remorina albescens (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  41. ^ "Makaira indica (Cuvier, 1832)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  42. ^ "Tetrapturus albidus Poey, 1860". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  43. ^ "Tetrapturus audax (Philippi, 1887)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  44. ^ "Cheilodactylidae Bonaparte, 1850". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  45. ^ Jones, Georgina. A field guide to the marine animals of the Cape Peninsula. SURG, Cape Town, 2008. ISBN 978-0-620-41639-9
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  47. ^ "Cirrhitus punctatus Cuvier, 1829". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  48. ^ Retrieved [January 18, 2010], from the Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database, https://www.itis.gov
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  50. ^ "Herklotsichthys quadrimaculatus (Rüppell, 1837)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  51. ^ "Hilsa kelee (Cuvier, 1829)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  52. ^ "Nematalosa nasus (Bloch, 1795)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  53. ^ "Etrumeus teres (DeKay, 1842)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  54. ^ "Gilchristella aestuaria (Gilchrist, 1913)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
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  65. ^ "Cheilinus digrammus (Lacepède, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  66. ^ "Xyrichtys pavo Valenciennes, 1840". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  67. ^ "Xyrichtys pentadactylus (Linnaeus, 1758)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  68. ^ "Gymnocranius robinsoni (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1909)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
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  70. ^ "Lethrinus mahsenoides Valenciennes, 1830". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  71. ^ "Lethrinus ramak (Forsskål, 1775)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  72. ^ "Lethrinus sanguineus Smith, 1955". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  73. ^ "Cookeolus boops (Forster, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  74. ^ "Scarus atrilunula Randall & Bruce, 1983". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  75. ^ "Scarus sordidus Forsskål, 1775". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  76. ^ "Johnius dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1833)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  77. ^ "Sillago chondropus Bleeker, 1849". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  78. ^ "Diplodus cervinus hottentotus (Smith, 1844)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  79. ^ "Spicara australe (Regan, 1921)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
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  81. ^ "Coelorhynchus denticulatus Regan". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  82. ^ "Nezumia leonis (Barnard, 1925)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  83. ^ "Ventrifossa ori (Smith, 1968)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  84. ^ "Mesobius antipodum Hubbs & Iwamoto, 1977". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  85. ^ "Laemonema globiceps Gilchrist, 1906". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
  86. ^ "Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  87. ^ "Eleotris fusca (Forster, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  88. ^ "Eleotris mauritiana Bennett, 1832". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  89. ^ "Eleotris melanosoma Bleeker, 1853". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  90. ^ "Hypseleotris dayi Smith, 1950". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  91. ^ "Trypauchen microcephalus Bleeker, 1860". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  92. ^ "Yongeichthys nebulosus (Forsskål, 1775)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
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  94. ^ Smith, J.L.B. 1959. Gobioid fishes of the families Gobiidae, Periophthalmidae, Trypauchenidae, Taenioididae, and Kraemeriidae of the Western Indian Ocean. Ichthyological Bulletin; No. 13. Department of Ichthyology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
  95. ^ "Cryptocentrus pretoriusi Smith, 1958". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  96. ^ "Glossogobius biocellatus (Valenciennes, 1837)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  97. ^ "Mugilogobius inhacae (Smith, 1959)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  98. ^ "Oligolepis keiensis (Smith, 1938)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  99. ^ a b c Zsilavecz, Guido, Coastal fishes of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay: A divers' identification guide. SURG, Cape Town, 2005. ISBN 0-620-34230-7
  100. ^ "Myripristis melanosticta Bleeker, 1863". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  101. ^ "Apogon timorensis Bleeker, 1854". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  102. ^ "Cheilodipterus lineatus Lacepède, 1801". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  103. ^ "Apogon thermalis Cuvier, 1829". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  104. ^ "Apogon queketti Gilchrist, 1903". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  105. ^ "Apogon multitaeniatus Cuvier, 1828". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  106. ^ "Apogon angustatus (Smith & Radcliffe, 1911)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  107. ^ "Apogon apogonides (Bleeker, 1856)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  108. ^ "Apogon enigmaticus (Smith, 1961)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  109. ^ "Apogon aureus (Lacepède, 1802)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  110. ^ "Apogon cookii MacLeay, 1881". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  111. ^ "Apogon flagelliferus (Smith, 1961)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  112. ^ "Apogon nigripes Playfair, 1867". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  113. ^ "Apogon taeniophorus Regan, 1908". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  114. ^ "Apogon fraenatus Valenciennes, 1832". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  115. ^ "Apogon kallopterus Bleeker, 1856". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  116. ^ "Archamia lineolata (Cuvier, 1828)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  117. ^ "Archamia mozambiquensis Smith, 1961". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 20 November 2023.
  118. ^ "Antennarius coccineus (Lesson, 1831)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  119. ^ "Antennarius tuberosus (Cuvier, 1817)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  120. ^ "Linophryne digitopogon Balushkin & Trunov, 1988". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  121. ^ "Lophius upsicephalus Smith, 1841". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  122. ^ "Halieutopsis micropus (Alcock, 1891)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  123. ^ "Halieutaea spicata Smith, 1965". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  124. ^ "Dibranchus stellulatus Gilbert, 1905". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  125. ^ "Liza dumerili (Steindachner, 1870)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  126. ^ "Liza richardsonii (Smith, 1846)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  127. ^ "Liza tricuspidens (Smith, 1935)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  128. ^ "Valamugil buchanani (Bleeker, 1853)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  129. ^ "Valamugil seheli (Forsskål, 1775)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  130. ^ "Liza vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  131. ^ "Valamugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  132. ^ "Liza alata (Steindachner, 1892)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  133. ^ "Liza luciae (Penrith & Penrith, 1967)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  134. ^ "Liza melinoptera (Valenciennes, 1836)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  135. ^ "Myxus capensis (Valenciennes, 1836)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  136. ^ "Parupeneus cinnabarinus (Cuvier, 1829)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  137. ^ "Parupeneus bifasciatus (Lacepède, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  138. ^ "Myctophum phengodes (Lütken, 1892)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  139. ^ "Myctophum asperum Richardson, 1845". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  140. ^ "Myctophum obtusirostre Tåning, 1928". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  141. ^ "Myctophum selenops Tåning, 1928". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  142. ^ "Myctophum spinosum (Steindachner, 1867)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  143. ^ "Cataetyx niki Cohen, 1981". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  144. ^ "Ambassis productus Guichenot, 1866". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  145. ^ "Chromis lepidolepis Bleeker, 1877". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  146. ^ "Stegastes fasciolatus (Ogilby, 1889)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  147. ^ "Chromis dimidiata (Klunzinger, 1871)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  148. ^ "Chromis nigrura Smith, 1960". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  149. ^ "Plectroglyphidodon lacrymatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  150. ^ "Engyprosopon smithi Nielsen, 1964". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  151. ^ "Parachirus xenicus Matsubara & Ochiai, 1963". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  152. ^ "Solea fulvomarginata Gilchrist, 1904". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  153. ^ "Synaptura marginata Boulenger, 1900". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  154. ^ "Monochirus ocellatus (Linnaeus, 1758)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  155. ^ "Solea bleekeri Boulenger, 1898". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  156. ^ "Psenes whiteleggii Waite, 1894". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  157. ^ "Benthodesmus elongatus elongatus (Clarke, 1879)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
  158. ^ "Gonostoma bathyphilum (Vaillant, 1884)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  159. ^ "Gonostoma elongatum Günther, 1878". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  160. ^ "Macrostomias longibarbatus Brauer, 1902". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  161. ^ "Stomias boa boa (Risso, 1810)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  162. ^ "Centriscops obliquus Waite, 1911". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  163. ^ "Doryrhamphus excisus excisus Kaup, 1856". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  164. ^ "Doryrhamphus dactyliophorus (Bleeker, 1853)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  165. ^ "Doryrhamphus multiannulatus (Regan, 1903)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  166. ^ Kuiter, R.H. 2009. Seahorses and their Relatives ISBN 978-0-9775372-1-1
  167. ^ "Xenobalistes punctatus Heemstra & Smith, 1983". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  168. ^ "Mola ramsayi (Giglioli, 1883)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  169. ^ "Paramonacanthus barnardi Fraser-Brunner, 1941". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  170. ^ "Paramonacanthus cingalensis (Fraser-Brunner, 1941)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  171. ^ "Anoplocapros robustus (Fraser-Brunner, 1941)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  172. ^ "Arothron meleagris (Anonymous, 1798)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  173. ^ "Arothron stellatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  174. ^ "Chelonodon laticeps Smith, 1948". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  175. ^ "Chelonodon pleurospilus (Regan, 1919)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  176. ^ "Diretmoides parini Post & Quéro, 1981". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  177. ^ Ribbink, A.J. and Roberts, M. "African Coelacanth Ecosystem Programme: An overview of the conference contributions" in South African Journal of Science September/October 2006 - Volume 102 No. 9/10, Academy of Science of South Africa, ISSN 0038-2353
  178. ^ "Latimeriidae Berg, 1940". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
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