List of Portuguese inventions and discoveries

Arts and entertainment

• Manueline, an art style of the early 16th century
• Neo-Manueline, a revival art style from the mid-19th century
• Soft Portuguese style, is an architectural model adopted mainly by public buildings
• Pombaline style, an architectural style of the 18th century
• Portuguese colonial architecture, a collection of styles of architecture that the Portuguese built across the Portuguese Empire
• Visigothic art and architecture, architecture and art styles of the Iberian Visigoths in the 5th century
• Azulejo, a form of painted tin-glazed ceramic tilework
• Portuguese pavement, a traditional-style pavement used in pedestrian areas
• Adufe, a square tambourine
• Ukulele, string instrumental developed by Portuguese immigrants in Hawaii
• Gaita transmontana, a type of Portuguese bagpipe
• Galician gaita, a type of Portuguese and Galician bagpipe.
• Portuguese guitar, a plucked string instrument with twelve steel strings
• Rabeca chuleira, a three-string fiddle
• Cavaquinho, a small string instrument that originated the Ukulele
• Machete, a small string instrument from Madeira
• Viola braguesa, a ten-string instrument
• Viola campaniça, a ten steel string guitar
• Viola amarantina, a ten string guitar with two heart-shaped frontal openings
• Viola toeira, a twelve string guitar

Food and cooking

• Presunto ibérico, a type of cured ham
• Enchidos, a variety of cured, dry sausages
• Alheira, a type of sausage made with meats other than pork (usually veal, duck, chicken, quail or rabbit) and bread
• São Jorge cheese, a type of semi-hard to hard cheese
• Castelo Branco cheese, type of goat cheese
• Serra da Estrela cheese, a type of ewes cheese
• Port wine, a type of fortified wine
• Moscatel, a type of fortified wine
• Madeira wine, a type of fortified wine
• Jeropiga, a type of fortified white wine
• Vinho Verde, a type of white wine fermented using young grapes
• Pastel de nata, an egg tart pastry
• Tempura, a Japanese dish introduced to Japan by Portuguese Jesuit missionaries
• Marmalade, a type of fruit preserve
• Churros, a type of fried-dough pastry brought by the Portuguese from China

Nautical science

• Carrack, a three- or four-masted sailing ship
• Galleon, a large sailing warship
• Caravel, a small, highly maneuverable sailing ship
• Square-rigged caravel, a sailing ship
• Man-of-war, a powerful warship armed with cannons and propelled by sails
• Gun port, an opening on the side of a ship's hull that allows artillery pieces to fire outside
• Nonius, a system for taking fine measurements on the astrolabe
• Mariner's astrolabe, an inclinometer used to determine the latitude of a ship
• Portuguese nautical cartography, a compendium of navigational and geographic maps
• Cantino planisphere, the earliest extant nautical chart where places are depicted according to their astronomically observed latitudes
• School of Sagres, first court of navigation founded in Sagres
• Chip log, a navigation tool mariners use to estimate the speed of a vessel through water
• Volta do mar, a navigation technique that exploits trade winds to move across the sea

Weaponry

• Carracks black sword, a type of sword designed to be used by soldiers and sailors in ships and caravels
• Dilagrama m/65, a grenade adapter that fits the barrel of the G3
• FBP submachine gun, a 9 mm submachine gun
• Mauser–Vergueiro, a bolt-action rifle
• Lusa submachine gun, a compact 9×19mm Parabellum submachine gun
• Bravia Chaimite, an armored vehicle with all wheel drive axles
• M1940 helmet, a combat helmet

Science and technology

• Familial amyloidotic neuropathy, a group of autosomal dominant diseases of the nervous system first described by Corino Andrade
• Circulatory system, Amato Lusitano discovered the circulation of the blood and the function of valves
• Cerebral angiography, developed by António Egas Moniz
• Lobotomy, pioneered by António Egas Moniz
• Tropical medicine, pioneered by Garcia de Orta
• Pyreliophorus, solar oven
• Prepaid Mobile Phone, a mobile phone for which credit is purchased in advance of service use
• Multibanco, an interbank network with a wide range of services that can be utilised through its machines
• All-on-4, a dental technique for total rehabilitation of the edentulous patient
• Via Verde, an electronic toll collection system
• Coloradd, a sign code for aiding colour blind people to recognise colours
• Passarola, a type of lighter-than-air airship, the predecessor of air balloon
• Artificial horizon sextant, an airship device to measure the distance between the horizon line and celestial bodies
• Microphone Windshield^[1]
• Electric wheelchair elevator^[2]
• Electronic cane for the blind^[3]
• Electrovisor, a tactile system for the blind to perceive images^[4]
• BASIL, vibratory system for deaf people to perceive sounds^[5]
• COPASI, software application for creating and solving mathematical models of biological processes
• Eslicarbazepine acetate, anticonvulsant medication
• Deaf-mute language, pioneered by Jacob Rodrigues Pereira
• ENER 1000, an early personal computer

Literature

• Heteronym, a literary concept in which one or several imaginary character(s) are created by a writer to write in different styles
• Ultra-Romanticism, a literary movement derived from the Romanticism that took place in the second half of the 19th century

References