List of British units in the American Revolutionary War

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This is a list of British units in American Revolutionary War which took part in the conflict, fighting against the American rebels and their French, Spanish and Dutch allies in the Americas, Europe and Asia. In addition to the British Army, the list includes German auxiliary units along with provincial and irregular units formed raised in North America and the West Indies. No battle honours were ever awarded to British regiments who fought in America as it was seen by the British to be a civil war. Four battle honours were, however, awarded for actions against the French and Spanish in the West Indies and other theatres.

Of the British Army regiments raised during the war, primarily for military service in North America or the Caribbean, only three, the 23rd Light Dragoons and the 73rd and 78th Foot, survived the post-war reductions in the Army. The 23rd Light Dragoons (later the 19th Light Dragoons) served in India until 1806; the 73rd (renumbered 71st in 1786) later became part of the Highland Light Infantry while the 78th (renumbered 72nd in 1786) became part of the Seaforth Highlanders (Ross-shire Buffs) in 1881. The newly raised 85th Foot, 86th Foot, 87th Foot, 88th Foot, 89th Foot, 90th Foot, 91st Foot, 92nd Foot, 93rd Foot, 94th Foot and 99th Foot were stationed on garrison duty in the West Indies. All were disbanded at the end of the war.

Infantry units which remained in the British Isles during the war included the 2nd Foot (Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)), the 11th Foot (Devonshires), the 12th Foot (Suffolk), the 25th Foot (King's Own Scottish Borderers) at Sussex, the 32nd Foot at Cornwall, the 36th Foot at Herefordshire, the 39th Foot at East Middlesex, the 41st Foot, the 51st Foot and the 81st Foot. The 78th Foot, the 83rd Foot and the 95th Foot were stationed in Jersey, where they defeated a French invasion of the island in 1781 (the Battle of Jersey). Other regiments were in service in India or Gibraltar.

British Army units

Cavalry

Infantry

Foot guards

Regular infantry

American establishment

His Majesty's Marine Forces

  • 1st Battalion
  • 2nd Battalion

Loyalist units

Provincial Corps

Local Volunteer Corps

  • Adams Company of Rangers (also, known as Adams' Rangers) (1777–1780)
  • Bay Fusiliers (also, known as Mosquito Shore Volunteers and Black River Volunteers) (1779–?)
  • Bucks County Volunteers (1778–1783)
  • Detroit Volunteers (1778–1783)
  • Dunlop's Corps (1780–1781)
  • East Florida Rangers (1776–1779)
  • East Florida Volunteers (1777–1780)
  • Ethiopian Regiment (1775–1776)
  • Georgia Light Dragoons (there was also, a Provincial Corps unit, of the same name) (1781–1782)
  • Georgia Rangers (1773–1776)
  • Georgia Rifle Dragoons (1779)
  • King's Dock Yard Volunteers (1780)
  • King's Loyal Americans (1776–1781)
  • Loyal Volunteers of the City of New York, under the command of Mayor David Mathews
  • Mackay's Corps (also, known as Mackay’s Corps of Royalists, Pfister's Corps of Royalists, and Leake's Corps of Royalists) (1777–1781)
  • Mayor's Independent Company of Volunteers of New York City under the command of Loyalist Mayor David Mathews
  • McAlpin's Corps of Royalists (also, known as McAlpin's Corps and American Volunteers) (1777–1781)
  • Mosquito Shore Volunteers (also, known as Bay Fusiliers and Black River Volunteers) (1779–?)
  • Natchez Volunteers (1781)
  • Negro Volunteers (1779)
  • Newfoundland Volunteers (1779–1980)
  • North Carolina Volunteers (1776)
  • Queen's Loyal Rangers (1777–1781)
  • Queen's Loyal Virginia Regiment (absorbed by Queen's Rangers in 1776) (1776–1783)
  • Queen's Royal Rangers (1775–1776)
  • Rattan and Black River Volunteers (1780–1781)
  • Royal Bateaux Volunteers (bateau|batteux) (1779–1781)
  • Royal Ethiopian Regiment (disbanded) (1775–1776)
  • Virginia Light Horse (1776)
  • Virginia Volunteers (1781)
  • Volunteers of Augusta (1781–1782)
  • West Florida Provincials (1778–1781)
  • West Florida Refugees (1777–1781)

Associator and Refugee units

  • Associated Loyalists (1780–1782)
  • Black Brigade[3][4][5] (Black Loyalists) (1779–1783)
  • Brant's Volunteers (1777–1779)
  • De Lancey's Refugees (1776–1783)
  • Hatfield's Company of Partisans (partisan irregulars) (1779–1782)
  • Hazard's Corps of Refugees (1780–1782)
  • James Stewart's Company of Refugees[6] (1780–1781)
  • King's Militia Volunteers (1779–1780)
  • Loyal American Association (1775–1776)
  • Loyal Associated Refugees (1779)
  • Loyal Irish Volunteers (1775–1776)
  • Loyal Newport Associators (1777–1779)
  • Loyal Refugee Volunteers (1779–1782)
  • Maryland Royal Retaliators (1780–1781)
  • Pepperell's Corps (1779–?)
  • Robins Company of Partisans[6] (partisan irregulars) (1780–1782?)
  • Royal North British Volunteers (1775–1776)
  • Sharp's Refugee Marines[6] (marines - naval-based infantry force) (1779)
  • Uzal Ward's Company of Refugees[6] (1780–1783)

Militia units

  • Charleston Militia (1780–1782)
  • Charleston Volunteer Battalion (1780–1782)
  • Detroit Militia (1775–1784)
  • East Florida Militia (1776–1783)
  • Georgia Artillery (1781–1782)
  • Georgia Militia (1779–1782)
  • German Independent Company, (part of New York City Militia) (1776–?)
  • Independent Troop of Black Dragoons (also, known as Black Pioneer Troop) (1782)
  • Loyal Commissariat Volunteers (1779–1782)
  • Loyal Ordnance Volunteers (1780)
  • Loyal Volunteers of the City of New York (also, known as New York City Militia) (1776–1783)
  • Massachusetts Militia (1775–1783)
  • Massachusetts Volunteers (1777–1783)
  • McDonald's Company of Volunteers (1778)
  • Minorca Volunteer Company (part of East Florida Militia) (1777–?)
  • New Jersey Militia (1776–1777)
  • New York City Militia (1776–1783)
  • New York Independent Highland Volunteers (1776–1783)
  • New York Marine Artillery Company (1780–1783)
  • New York Militia (1776–1783)
  • New York Rangers (1776–1783)
  • North Carolina Militia (1781–1782)
  • Nova Scotia Militia (1775–1784)
  • Nova Scotia Volunteer Militia Regiment (1776–1781)
  • Quebec City Militia (1775–1783)
  • Quebec Militia (1775–1783)
  • Saint Johns County Volunteers (1781)
  • South Carolina Militia (1775–1782)
  • South Carolina Volunteers (1781–1782)
  • Westchester Chasseurs (chasseurs (light cavalry) (1777)
  • West Florida Militia (1778–1781)

West Indian units

  • Barbados Militia
  • Barbadian Rangers (1781–1783)
  • Black Carolina Corps
  • Grenada Militia (1775–1779)
  • Jamaica Corps of Foot (also, known as the Jamaica Corps and Amherst’s Corps) (1781–1783)
  • Independent Companies (Jamaica)
  • Jamaica Legion (absorbed by Jamaica Volunteers in 1780) (1780)
  • Jamaica Light Dragoons (1780–1781)
  • Jamaica Militia (1780–1781)
  • Jamaica Rangers (1779–1783)
  • Jamaica Volunteers (absorbed the Jamaica Legion, after 1780) (1779–1781)
  • Turks Island Company (1781–1783)

German auxiliary units

Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst

  • Rauschenplatt's Princess of Anhalt-Zerbst's Regiment (2 battalions, 1 infantry in Quebec (1778), and 1 "Pandour" in New York (1780))
  • Nuppenau's Jäger Company
  • Company of Artillery

Margrave of Ansbach and Bayreuth

  • 1st Regiment Anspach (later Regiment von Volt; 1st Anspach Battalion)
  • 2nd Regiment Bayreuth (later Regiment Seybothen; 2nd Anspach Battalion)
  • Anspach Jäger Company

Duchy of Brunswick

  • Dragoon Regiment Prinz Lüdwig Ernst
  • Grenadier Battalion Breymann
  • Light Infantry Battalion von Barner
  • Musketeer Regiment Riedesel
  • Musketeer Regiment Specht
  • Regiment Prinz Friedrich
  • Regiment von Rhetz
  • von Geyso's Jäger Company

Electorate of Hanover

  • 1st Battalion von Reden
  • 1st Battalion von Hardenberg
  • 1st Battalion la Motte
  • 2nd Battalion Prinz Ernst von Mecklenburg
  • 2nd Battalion von Goldacker
  • 14th Regiment
  • 15th Regiment

Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel)

  • Combined Regiment von Loos
  • Fusilier Regiment von Dittfurth
  • Fusilier Regiment Erbprinz (later Musketeer Regiment (1780))
  • Fusilier Regiment von Knyphausen
  • Fusilier Regiment von Lossburg
  • Grenadier Regiment von Rall (later von Woellwarth (1777); von Trümbach (1779); d'Angelelli (1781))
    • 1st Battalion Grenadiers von Linsing
    • 2nd Battalion Grenadiers von Block (later von Lengerke)
    • 3rd Battalion Grenadiers von Minnigerode (later von Loewenstein)
    • 4th Battalion Grenadiers von Koehler (later von Graff; von Platte)
  • Garrison Regiment von Bünau
  • Garrison Regiment von Huyne (later von Benning)
  • Garrison Regiment von Stein (later von Seitz; von Porbeck)
  • Garrison Regiment von Wissenbach (later von Knoblauch)
  • Jäger Corps
  • Leib Infantry Regiment
  • Musketeer Regiment von Donop
  • Musketeer Regiment von Trümbach (later Von Bose (1779))
  • Musketeer Regiment von Mirbach (later Jung von Lossburg (1780))
  • Musketeer Regiment Prinz Carl
  • Musketeer Regiment von Wutginau (later Landgraf (1777))

County of Hesse-Hanau

Principality of Waldeck

  • 3rd Waldeck Regiment

See also

References

  • Baer, Friederike. Hessians: German Soldiers in the American Revolutionary War (Oxford University Press, 2022). Website. ISBN 9780190249632.
  • Katcher, Philip, Encyclopaedia of British, Provincial and German Army Units 1775–1783, 1973, ISBN 0-8117-0542-0
  • History of Hanoverian troops in Gibraltar: Minorca and the East Indies (in German)
  • List of British Loyalist Regiments - The On-Line Institute for Advanced Loyalist Studies
  • Regiments.org
  • Revwar75 - Crown Forces
  • the King's Own Patriots
  • The Hessians in the Revolution
Specific
  1. ^ Mary Beacock Fryer (1980). King's Men: The Soldier Founders of Ontario. Toronto: Dundurn. pp. 32, 77, 85, 94, 101, 105, 131, 135, 143, 348, 361. ISBN 9780919670518.
  2. ^ Charles Oscar Paullin and Frederic Logan Paxson (1914). "Guide to the Materials in London Archives for the History of the United States Since 1783, Issue 90, Part 2". Washington DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington. p. 538.
  3. ^ Newland, Samuel J. The Pennsylvania Militia:Defending the Commonwealth and the nation, 1669–1870 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Dept. of Military and Veterans Affairs (2002)pp36-45
  4. ^ Jonathan D. Sutherland (2003). African Americans at War. ABC-CLIO. pp. 420–421. ISBN 9781576077467. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
  5. ^ Black Loyalists:Our History, Our People. Canada's Digital Collection. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28.
  6. ^ a b c d "List of British Loyalist Associators - The On-Line Institute for Advanced Loyalist Studies".

External links

  • Select Bibliography of British Participation in the American Revolutionary War compiled by the United States Army Center of Military History
  • The Brigade of the American Revolution (BAR), Recreated British and Allied military units (Living History)
  • The Northwest Territory Alliance (NWTA), Recreated British and Allied military units (Living History)
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