List of African American newspapers in Washington (state)

Front page of Horace R. Cayton's The Republican from August 22, 1896.
Headquarters of The Facts in Seattle.

This is a list of African American newspapers that have been published in the state of Washington. It includes both current and historical newspapers. The first such newspaper in Washington was the Seattle Standard, established in 1890.[1] Notable current newspapers in Washington include The Facts and the Seattle Medium.

Newspapers

City Title Beginning End Frequency Call numbers Remarks


Tacoma Kitsap County Dispatch 1989?[2] 1998[2] Weekly[2]
  • Published by Virginia Taylor.[2]
Everett Rising Sun 1910s[3] ? [3] Weekly[3]

[OCLC 18267600] [LOCCN

Sn88085811]
  • Published by Thomas L. Cate.[4]
Seattle The Advertiser’s Weekly Messenger 1964[5] ?[5] Weekly[5]
  • LCCN sn88085824
  • OCLC 18272432
Seattle Afro-American Journal /
The Afro-American Journal[7]		 1967[8] 1972[6] Weekly[8]
Seattle Bee 1890s[9] 1900[9] Weekly[9]
  • Edited by Daniel Webster Griffin.[9]
Seattle Bee 1906[10] ? Weekly[10]
  • Edited by Walter Griffin.[10]
Seattle Builder ? 1954[11] Weekly[11]
Seattle[3] Cayton's Weekly (1916-1921) /
Cayton's Monthly (1921)[12]		 1916[13] 1921[12] Weekly, then monthly[12]
  • Cayton's Weekly:
    • ISSN 2158-4699
    • LCCN sn87093353, sn91025171
    • OCLC 17248379, 23074613
  • Cayton's Monthly:
    • ISSN 2159-5569
    • LCCN sn87093354, sn91025172
    • OCLC 17248383, 23074624
  • Available online (Cayton's Weekly)
  • Available online (Cayton's Monthly)
  • Published by Horace R. Cayton Sr.[14]
Seattle Seattle Dispatch /
The Seattle Dispatch[16]		 1946[15] or 1947[16] 1948[15] Weekly[15]
  • LCCN sn87093419, sn87093420
  • OCLC 9744722, 17285562, 17285563
  • Formerly The Pacific Dispatch of Portland, Oregon.[16]
  • Absorbed the Northwest Clarion of Portland.[15]
Seattle Northwest Enterprise[18] /
The Northwest Enterprise[17] /
The Seattle Enterprise (1920–)[19] /
The Enterprise (–1930)[20]		 1920[19] or 1921[18] 1952[17] or 1962[18] Weekly[18]
  • The Northwest Enterprise:
  • The Seattle Enterprise:
  • The Enterprise:
    • LCCN sn87093375, 2007252514
    • OCLC 17273968, 144552980
  • Available online
Seattle The Facts /
The NW Facts[21]		 1961[21] or 1962[22] current Weekly[22]
  • ISSN 0427-8879
  • LCCN sn94092734, sn83025152
  • OCLC 32785451, 9287142
  • Official site
Seattle K-Zam Kazette 1962[24] 1975[23] Weekly[24]
  • LCCN sn88085972
  • OCLC 18454106, 10353400
Seattle Seattle Medium /
The Medium (1970–1983)[25]		 1970[26] current Weekly[26]
  • The Medium:
  • Seattle Medium:
  • Official site
Seattle Messenger 1964[27] 1960s[27] Weekly[27]
  • LCCN 2008253303, sn88085824
  • OCLC 264057973, 18272432
Seattle News Forum 1960s[28] ?[28] Biweekly[28]
  • Extant as of 1967.[28]
Seattle The Northwest Bulletin 1937[29] 1940[29] Twice-monthly newspaper[29]
Seattle The Northwest Herald 1943[30] 1946[30] Weekly[30]
  • LCCN sn94081619, 2003252191, sn88085785
  • OCLC 32229787, 51754613, 18236862
Seattle Northwest Illuminator 1897[31] or 1898[32] 1898 Weekly[32] or monthly[31]
  • Edited by George E. Watkins.[32]
  • Regarded by competitor Horace R. Cayton Sr. as a front for the Populists.[33]
Seattle Seattle Observer 1964[34] 1964?[34] Weekly[34]
Seattle Pacific Leader 1952[35] 1956[35] Weekly[35] or twice monthly[36]
  • LCCN 2007252511, sn88085826
  • OCLC 144531109, 18276864
Seattle Pacific Northwest Bulletin /
Pacific Northwest Review[38] /
Pacific Northwest Review Bulletin[38] /
Bulletin[38]		 1936?[37] 1949[37] Twice-monthly newspaper[38]
  • Published by George M. Francis.[37]
Seattle Progressive Herald /
The Progressive Herald[39]		 1933[40] 1930s[39] Weekly and monthly[41]
  • LCCN 2007252512, sn88085790
  • OCLC 144528900, 18237024
Seattle Puget Sound Observer (1957–1959, 1960–)[43][44] /
Puget Sound and Inland Empire Observer (1959–1960)[45]		 1954?[46] or 1957[42] 1961[42] Variable: weekly, twice-monthly and bimonthly[42]
  • Puget Sound Observer (1957–):
  • Puget Sound and Inland Empire Observer:
  • Puget Sound Observer (1959–):
  • Published by Robert Albert.[42]
Seattle Renaissance Courier 1969[47] ?[47] Weekly[47]
  • LCCN 2008253304, sn88087006
  • OCLC 264079037, 18489300
  • Edited by H. A. Monroe Jr.[47]
Seattle The Seattle Republican /
The Republican (1894–)[49]		 1894[48] 1915[48] Weekly[48]
  • The Republican:
  • The Seattle Republican:
    • ISSN 2157-3271
    • LCCN 2014254300, sn84025811
    • OCLC 701514970, 10328970
  • Available online (The Republican)
  • Described by the Washington State Library as "Seattle's first truly successful African American newspaper."[49]
  • Published by Horace R. Cayton Sr.[49]
Seattle Searchlight 1903[1] or 1905[50] 1925[50]
  • Founded by Rev. S.S. Freeman.[1]
Seattle The Skanner 1990[51] current Weekly[51]
  • LCCN 2001252276
  • OCLC 45893245, 27858413
  • Published in Seattle and in Portland, Oregon.[52]
Seattle Seattle Standard /
Seattle Washington Standard[53]		 1890[54] or 1891[53] 1892?[1] or 1902[53] Weekly[53]
  • First African American newspaper in Seattle.[1]
  • Founded by former North Carolina legislator Brittain Oxendine.[54] Taken over by Horace R. Cayton Sr. in 1892.[1] Also edited by I. Israel Walker.[53]
Seattle Trumpet[55] /
The Trumpet[56]		 1966[57] or 1967[55] 1970?[55] Monthly newspaper[55]
  • LCCN sn88087005
  • OCLC 18489253, 10367187
  • Official publication of the Central Area Motivation Program.[56]
Seattle Western Sun 1898[58] 1900[58] Weekly[58]
  • Edited by Daniel Webster Griffin.[59]
  • Regarded by competitor Horace R. Cayton Sr. as the successor to the Northwest Illuminator as a Populist/Fusion front.[33]
Seattle The World 1898[61] 1903[60] or 1914[61] Weekly[61]
  • LCCN 2013254380, sn84025812
  • OCLC 850980391, 10328976
  • Edited by Daniel Webster Griffin.[60]
Spokane The Citizen 1908[62] 1913[62] Weekly[62]
  • Published by Charles Parker and Charles Barrow.[63]
  • Billed as “[t]he only weekly paper devoted to promoting Race interests in the Industrial and Agricultural development of the Pacific Southwest.”[62]
Spokane Washington Exponent 1900[64] 1900[64]
Spokane Forum 1908[65] or 1909[64] 1912[65] Monthly newspaper[65]
  • Founded by Rev. J. Gordon McPherson,[64] who previously founded the Salt Lake City Democratic Headlight in 1899.
Spokane Northwest Echo 1896?[66] 1896?[1] Weekly[66]
Spokane Northwest Review-Bulletin 1936[68] Biweekly[68]
Spokane Star 1946[69] Weekly[69]
Spokane Voice of the West 1913?[70] 1915[70] Weekly[70]
Spokane Black Lens 2015 Current Monthly
  • Founded by Sandra Williams
Tacoma Sunday Morning Echo 1907[71] 1912[71] Weekly[71]
  • Edited by attorney Gustave B. Aldrich.[70]
  • Focused on Roman Catholics and Catholicism.[72]
Tacoma The Tacoma Facts 1971?[73] ?[73] Weekly[73]
  • LCCN sn90099775
  • OCLC 22261904, 22293331
  • Extant through at least 1980.[74]
Tacoma The Northwest Tacoma Facts 1970[76] 1970s[75] Weekly[76]
  • LCCN sn88085964
  • OCLC 1845964, 18452750
  • Published and edited by Fitzgerald Beaver.[76]
Tacoma The Forum 1903[77] 1918[77] or 1920[78] Weekly[77]
  • LCCN sn88085157, sn89044144
  • OCLC 17337015, 19714372
  • Founded by John Ryan.[79] Published by Ella Ryan after 1906.[80]
  • Known for its activism against racism in the Seattle area.[79]
Tacoma The Northwest Dispatch 1982[81] or 1984[82] 5 days a week[82]
  • Published by Virginia Taylor (1938–2001).[83]
Tacoma Reporter (1966–1967)[85] /
Journal Reporter (1967)[84]		 1966[85] 1967[84] Weekly[85]
Tacoma Northwest Journal Reporter 1970[87] 1970s[86] Weekly[87]
Tacoma Progress Messenger 1971[88] 1970s[88] Weekly[88]
Tacoma Tacoma True Citizen 1972?[89] ?[89] Weekly[89]
  • Published by W. Larry Williams[90]
  • Extant through at least 1976.[90]
Tacoma The Weekly 1903[80] 1903[80] Weekly
  • First African American-owned newspaper in Tacoma.[80]
  • Founded by John Ryan and Ella Ryan.[80]
Vancouver Portland Medium 1979?[91] ?[91] Weekly[91]
  • Successor to the Soul Town Review.[91]
  • Published by Christopher H. Bennett.[91]

See also

Works cited

  • Abajian, James De Tarr (1974). Blacks and Their Contributions to the American West: A Bibliography and Union List of Library Holdings Through 1970. G. K. Hall. ISBN 9780816111398.
  • Danky, James Philip; Hady, Maureen E., eds. (1998). African-American newspapers and periodicals : a national bibliography. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674007888.
  • Mumford, Esther Hall (1980). Seattle's black Victorians, 1852-1901. Ananse Press. ISBN 9780960567003.
  • Mumford, Esther (1985). Black Heritage Survey of Washington State (PDF). Retrieved 2020-01-15.
  • Work, Monroe N. (1912). Negro Year Book and Annual Encyclopedia of the Negro, Volume 1.
  • "The Negro in the State of Washington, 1788–1967: A Bibliography". Washington State Library. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Mumford 1985, p. 49.
  2. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 328, ¶ 3429.
  3. ^ a b c d Abajian 1974, p. 393, ¶ 4269.
  4. ^ Work 1912, p. 198.
  5. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 9, ¶ 91.
  6. ^ Blair, Doug (2005). "Afro American Journal: Black Power and Education, 1968-1969". Retrieved 2020-01-14.
  7. ^ "About The Afro-American journal. (Seattle [Wash.]) 1967-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  8. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 25, ¶ 248.
  9. ^ a b c d Abajian 1974, p. 393, ¶ 4271.
  10. ^ a b c Abajian 1974, p. 393, ¶ 4272.
  11. ^ a b Abajian 1974, p. 394, ¶ 4273.
  12. ^ a b c "About Cayton's monthly. (Seattle, Wash.) 1921-1921". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  13. ^ "About Cayton's weekly. (Seattle, Wash.) 1916-1921". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  14. ^ Danky & Hady 1998, p. 139, ¶ 1441.
  15. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 507, ¶ 5288.
  16. ^ a b c "About The Seattle dispatch. (Seattle, Wash.) 1947-1948". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  17. ^ a b "About The Northwest enterprise. (Seattle, Wash.) 1931-1952". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  18. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 432, ¶ 4491.
  19. ^ a b "About The Seattle enterprise. (Seattle, Wash.) 1920-192?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  20. ^ "About The Enterprise. (Seattle, Wash.) 192?-1930". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  21. ^ a b "About Us". The NW Facts Newspaper. Retrieved 2020-01-14.
  22. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 220, ¶ 2295.
  23. ^ "About K-ZAM kazette. (Seattle, Wash.) 1962-196?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  24. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 330, ¶ 3453.
  25. ^ "About The medium. (Seattle) 1970-1983". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  26. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 507, ¶ 5289.
  27. ^ a b c "About Messenger. [microfilm reel] (Seattle, Wash.) 1964-196?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  28. ^ a b c d "About News forum : informative, progessive. [volume] (Seattle, Washington) 196?-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  29. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 431, ¶ 4489.
  30. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 432, ¶ 4493.
  31. ^ a b "A New Monthly Paper". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. 1897-10-07. p. 5. Retrieved 2020-01-15. The Northwest Illuminator, a monthly journal devoted to the interests of the colored race, has made its appearance in Seattle, the initial number promising much for the paper's future success. The editor and manager, George E. Watkins, is one of the best known Afro-American journalists on the Pacific coast.
  32. ^ a b c Abajian 1974, p. 394, ¶ 4278.
  33. ^ a b Mumford 1980, p. 197.
  34. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 507, ¶ 5290.
  35. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 450, ¶ 4690.
  36. ^ "About Pacific leader. [microfilm reel] (Seattle, Wash.) 1952-1956". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  37. ^ a b c Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4300.
  38. ^ a b c d "About Pacific Northwest bulletin. (Seattle, Wash.) 19??-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  39. ^ a b "About The progressive herald. [microfilm reel] (Seattle, Wash.) 1933-193?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  40. ^ Danky & Hady 1998, p. 475, ¶ 4956.
  41. ^ Abajian 1974, p. 394, ¶ 4281.
  42. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 477, ¶ 4978.
  43. ^ "About Puget Sound observer. (Seattle, Wash.) 1957-1959". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  44. ^ "About Puget Sound observer. (Seattle, Wash.) 1960-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  45. ^ "About The Puget Sound and Inland Empire observer. (Seattle, Wash.) 1959-1960". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  46. ^ Abajian 1974, p. 394, ¶ 4282, noting that Washington University has issues from September and October 1954
  47. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 488, ¶ 5094.
  48. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 507, ¶ 5291.
  49. ^ a b c "About The Republican. (Seattle, Wash.) 1894-1???". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  50. ^ a b Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4286.
  51. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 518, ¶ 5415.
  52. ^ "About Us". The Skanner News. 2013-08-30. Retrieved 2020-01-15.
  53. ^ a b c d e Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4287.
  54. ^ a b Taylor, Quintard (1994). The Forging of a Black Community. University of Washington Press. p. 21. ISBN 9780295973456.
  55. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 569, ¶ 5946.
  56. ^ a b "About The trumpet. (Seattle, Wash.) 196?-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  57. ^ Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4288.
  58. ^ a b c Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4289.
  59. ^ Mumford 1980, p. 92.
  60. ^ a b Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4290.
  61. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 621, ¶ 6491.
  62. ^ a b c d Danky & Hady 1998, p. 154, ¶ 1601.
  63. ^ Mumford 1985, pp. 49–50.
  64. ^ a b c d e f Mumford 1985, p. 50.
  65. ^ a b c Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4292.
  66. ^ a b Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4293.
  67. ^ Lee, Allen L. (2007-01-17). "Adolphus D. Griffin (1868-1916)". BlackPast.org. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  68. ^ a b Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4294.
  69. ^ a b Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4295.
  70. ^ a b c d Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4296.
  71. ^ a b c Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4297.
  72. ^ Mumford 1980, p. 50.
  73. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 551, ¶ 5755.
  74. ^ "About The Tacoma facts. (Tacoma, Wash.) 197?-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  75. ^ "About The North west Tacoma facts. (Tacoma, Wash.) 1970-197?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  76. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 432, ¶ 4498.
  77. ^ a b c "About The forum. (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1918". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  78. ^ Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4298.
  79. ^ a b Mumford 1985, p. 48.
  80. ^ a b c d e Lowe, Turkiya (2007-01-21). "Ella & John Ryan". BlackPast.org. Retrieved 2020-01-15.
  81. ^ "About The Northwest dispatch. (Tacoma, Wash.) 1982-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  82. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 431, ¶ 4490.
  83. ^ "Obituaries in the News". The Associated Press. 2001-02-05. Retrieved 2020-01-15.
  84. ^ a b Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4299.
  85. ^ a b c Abajian 1974, p. 395, ¶ 4301.
  86. ^ "About Northwest journal reporter. (Tacoma, Wash.) 1970-197?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  87. ^ a b Danky & Hady 1998, p. 432, ¶ 4496.
  88. ^ a b c "About Progress messenger. (Tacoma, Wash.) 1971-197?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  89. ^ a b c Danky & Hady 1998, p. 551, ¶ 5756.
  90. ^ a b "About Tacoma true citizen. (Tacoma, Wash.) 197?-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-01-12.
  91. ^ a b c d e Danky & Hady 1998, p. 468, ¶ 4871.
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