Hurulu Forest Reserve

Hurulu Forest Reserve
Hurulu Forest Reserve
	Hurulu Forest Reserve
Location	North Central province, Sri Lanka
Nearest city	Anuradhapura
Coordinates	8°12′36″N 80°50′59″E / 8.21000°N 80.84972°E / 8.21000; 80.84972
Area	25.50 km2
Established	1977
Governing body	Department of Forest Conservation

Hurulu Forest Reserve of Sri Lanka was designated as a biosphere reserve in January 1977. The forest reserve is an important habitat of the Sri Lankan elephant.^[2] Hurulu forest reserve represents Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests.^[3] There are many other protected areas situated around Hurulu Forest Reserve viz. Ritigala strict nature reserve, Minneriya-Girithale and Mahaweli flood plains nature reserves, Wasgamuwa National Park and Kahalla-Pallekele sanctuary. Carved out at the edge of the Hurulu Forest Reserve is the Hurulu Eco Park ^[4] which offers jeep safaris.^[5]

Physical features

The annual mean temperature is 27.3 °C. and the area receives 1,600 mm of precipitation annually. A distinct dry season of three to six months persists during the months April/May to September.^[6] The elevation ranges from 90 m to 150 m above sea level.^[7]

Flora and fauna

Chloroxylon swietenia (Sinhalese "Burutha"), Manilkara hexandra ("Palu") and Diospyros ebenum ("Kaluwara") are the dominant tree species.^[7] The Indian star tortoise, Sri Lanka junglefowl, Sri Lankan elephant, Sri Lanka leopard and rusty-spotted cat are among the endangered species of the forest reserve.

Human impact

There is no record of the number of people who live in the forest reserve.^[7] Shifting cultivation is their main means of living. The Sri Lankan elephant is known for its migratory behavior and does so especially in the dry season between the forests situated around the area.^[2] Expansion of human settlements and forest clearance resulted in a human–elephant clash. Translocation is the conventional solution taken to solve the issue.^[8]

But translocation has not been a good solution as some of the translocated elephants are returning to their original habitat. Recently a distinguished one-tusked adult male individual walk past Hurulu Forest reserve to reach its home, traveling for a month and 243 km^[8] after being translocated in Somawathiya National Park, 93 km away in a straight line. Its wanderings were tracked by a radio collar. Elephants' strong attachment to their home range is being credited for such returnings.

Endangered animals of Hurulu Forest Reserve

References

^ "UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB)". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 2009-12-26. Retrieved 2009-05-26.
^ a b "Minneriya - where the pachyderms roam now". lakdiva.com. The Island. Archived from the original on 2008-01-03. Retrieved 2009-05-26.
^ "Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 2009-05-26.
^ Biosphere Reserves and Conservation Forests Archived 2018-03-23 at the Wayback Machine, Forest Department Sri Lanka
^ An eco paradise in Habarana, The Sunday Times, April 25, 2010
^ "Monsoon Forests". The Sunday Times. Wijeya Newspapers Ltd. 2003-07-20. Retrieved 2009-05-26.
^ a b c "Hurulu". unesco.org. UNESCO. 2002-02-08. Retrieved 2009-05-26.
^ a b Hettiarachchi, Kumudini (April 5, 2009). "Why do elephants come back home?". The Sunday Times. Wijeya Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved 2009-05-26.

[unesco.org-1] "UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB)". unesco.org. UNESCO. Archived from the original on 2009-12-26. Retrieved 2009-05-26.

[lakdiva-2] "Minneriya - where the pachyderms roam now". lakdiva.com. The Island. Archived from the original on 2008-01-03. Retrieved 2009-05-26.

[Wikramanayake-3] "Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 2009-05-26.

[4] Biosphere Reserves and Conservation Forests Archived 2018-03-23 at the Wayback Machine, Forest Department Sri Lanka

[5] An eco paradise in Habarana, The Sunday Times, April 25, 2010

[Sunday_Times-6] "Monsoon Forests". The Sunday Times. Wijeya Newspapers Ltd. 2003-07-20. Retrieved 2009-05-26.

[Information-7] "Hurulu". unesco.org. UNESCO. 2002-02-08. Retrieved 2009-05-26.

[sundaytimes-8] Hettiarachchi, Kumudini (April 5, 2009). "Why do elephants come back home?". The Sunday Times. Wijeya Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved 2009-05-26.