Hebbariye

Habbariye
	Shown within Lebanon
Alternative name	Habbariya, Habbariyeh, Habariya
Location	116 kilometres (72 mi) east of Beirut
Region	Hasbaya
Coordinates	33°22′03″N 35°41′39″E / 33.3675°N 35.694167°E / 33.3675; 35.694167
History
Cultures	Roman
Site notes
Condition	Ruins
Public access	Yes

Hebbariye

هبّارية
Hebbariya, Hibbariyeh, Hebbariyeh, Hebariya
Hebbariye هبّارية Hebbariya, Hibbariyeh, Hebbariyeh, Hebariya
Village, Municipality
	Roman Temple, Hebbariye, ca 1851, by van de Velde
Country	Lebanon
Governorate	Nabatieh Governorate
District	Hasbaya District
Population (1970)
• Total	1,800

Hebbariye, Hebbariyeh, Hebbariya or Hebariya (Arabic: هبّارية) is a village and municipality situated in the Hasbaya District of the Nabatieh Governorate in Lebanon.^[2] It is located on the southwestern slopes of Mount Hermon near the Lebanon–Syria border, northeast of Rachaya Al Foukhar and is positioned amongst orchards of apricot trees.^[2] There it is a roman temple.

The village sits c. 750 metres (2,460 ft) above sea level and the small population is predominantly support the Lebanese Communist party

Roman temple

There is a Roman temple near to the village, opposite the Wadi Shib'a which is the most southern of the Temples of Mount Hermon, a group defined by George Taylor as being south of the main road to Damascus on the west of Mount Hermon, including the Wadi al-Taym area.^[4]^[5]^[6] It has been classified as an Antae temple with an eastern portal that faces Mount Hermon, aligned "as if to catch the first beams of the morning sun rising over Hermon."^[5]^[7] The temple has a large basement chamber underneath the cella floors that is thought to have been used for burial. The room is only accessible from the outside of the building.^[8] The temple was surveyed in the summer of 1852 by Edward Robinson who noted several large blocks with one measuring 2.75 feet (0.84 m) by 15 feet (4.6 m). He measured the dimensions of the temple to be 58 feet (18 m) long by 31 feet (9.4 m) wide with 6 feet (1.8 m) thick walls around 32 feet (9.8 m) high. The capitals appeared to be of an Ionic style.^[4]^[5] At the entrance doorway, there are two tiers of niches with some engraved writing beneath the upper set.^[7]

References

^ Nah- und Mittelost-Verein; Deutsches Orient-Institut (1970). Orient. Deutsches Orient-Institut. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^ a b Robert Boulanger (1955). Lebanon. Hachette. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^ Wilson, ca 1881, vol 2, p. 128
^ a b Robinson and Smith, 1856, pp. 416-418
^ a b c Wilson, ca 1881, vol 2, pp. 127-128
^ Daniel M. Krencker; Willy Zschietzschmann (1938). Römische Tempel in Syrien: nach Aufnahmen und Untersuchungen von Mitgliedern der Deutschen Baalbekexpedition 1901-1904, Otto Puchstein, Bruno Schulz, Daniel Krencker [u.a.] ... W. de Gruyter & Co. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^ a b George Taylor (1971). The Roman temples of Lebanon: a pictorial guide. Les temples romains au Liban; guide illustré. Dar el-Machreq Publishers. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^ Kevin Butcher (19 February 2004). Roman Syria and the Near East. Getty Publications. pp. 359–. ISBN 978-0-89236-715-3. Retrieved 17 September 2012.

Bibliography

Guérin, V. (1880). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 3: Galilee, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale. (pp.285-286)
Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1856). Later Biblical Researches in Palestine and adjacent regions: A Journal of Travels in the year 1852. London: John Murray.
Wilson, C. W., ed. (c. 1881). Picturesque Palestine, Sinai and Egypt. Vol. 2. New York: D. Appleton.
Warren, C.; Conder, C.R. (1884). The Survey of Western Palestine: Jerusalem. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. (pp. 493-496)

External links

Photos of Hebbariye and the Roman temple on panoramio.com
3D Google Earth map of Hebbariye on www.gmap3d.com
Hebbariya on wikimapia
Hebbariyeh on www.localiban.org
Image of the temple at Hebbariye from "Palestine 1881 Ruins Temple Hebbariyeh Mount Hermon", A page taken from Picturesque Palestine, Sinai and Egypt. Edited by Charles Wilson, 1881, p. 126. on Amazon.com
Full text of Picturesque Palestine, Sinai and Egypt. Edited by Charles Wilson, 1881.

[Mittelost-VereinOrient-Institut1970-1] Nah- und Mittelost-Verein; Deutsches Orient-Institut (1970). Orient. Deutsches Orient-Institut. Retrieved 17 September 2012.

[Boulanger1955-2] Robert Boulanger (1955). Lebanon. Hachette. Retrieved 17 September 2012.

[3] Wilson, ca 1881, vol 2, p. 128

[Robinson1856-4] Robinson and Smith, 1856, pp. 416-418

[Wilson1881-5] Wilson, ca 1881, vol 2, pp. 127-128

[KrenckerZschietzschmann1938c-6] Daniel M. Krencker; Willy Zschietzschmann (1938). Römische Tempel in Syrien: nach Aufnahmen und Untersuchungen von Mitgliedern der Deutschen Baalbekexpedition 1901-1904, Otto Puchstein, Bruno Schulz, Daniel Krencker [u.a.] ... W. de Gruyter & Co. Retrieved 17 September 2012.

[Taylor1971-7] George Taylor (1971). The Roman temples of Lebanon: a pictorial guide. Les temples romains au Liban; guide illustré. Dar el-Machreq Publishers. Retrieved 17 September 2012.

[Butcher2004-8] Kevin Butcher (19 February 2004). Roman Syria and the Near East. Getty Publications. pp. 359–. ISBN 978-0-89236-715-3. Retrieved 17 September 2012.

v t e Hasbaya District, Nabatieh Governorate
Capital: Hasbaya
Towns and villages	Ain Qinia Shebaa Chouaya Fardis Halta Hebbariye Kaukaba Kfarchouba Kfarhamam Kfeir Khalouat Mimess Rachaya Al Foukhar Wazzani
Other	Qasr Chbib Khalwat al-Bayada

v t e Roman archaeological sites in Lebanon
Roman Berytus (actual Beirut)	Berytus ¹ Roman Forum of Berytus Berytus Roman Baths Cisterns of Berytus Baths Berytus Cardo Decumanus Berytus Colonnaded street Byzantine mosaics Roman hippodrome of Berytus Roman Law school of Berytus
Roman Phoenicia (actual Lebanon)	Heliopolis Temple of Bacchus Temple of Jupiter (Baalbek) Temples of Mount Hermon Temples of the Beqaa Valley Aaqbe temple Afqa Ain Aata temple Ain Harcha roman temple Amioun Monastery Arca Caesarea Augusti Pagus Bakka temple Batroumine Bziza temple Canalizations of Zenobia Dakoue temple Mansourieh Roman aqueduct Hebbariye temple Iaat column Kafr Zabad temples Khirbet El-Knese roman temples Labweh Roman temple Libbaya roman temple Monastery of Qozhaya Monastery of Saint Maron Nahle roman temple Nebi Safa temple Niha Hosn Niha Qalaat Faqra Qal'at Bustra temple Castra Chbib Castra El Banat Saraain El Faouqa Schleem roman temple Colonia Aurelia Pia "Sidon" Temnin el-Foka nymphaeum Tripolis in Phoenicia Tyrus ¹ Tyre Necropolis Roman temple to Venus in Yammoune
Related	Roman Lebanon Phoenice (Roman province) Palaestina Secunda Phoenice Libanensis Stone of the Pregnant Woman Ulpianus Marcus Valerius Probus Eudokia of Heliopolis Saint Barbara of Heliopolis Coele-Syria List of Christian cathedrals in Lebanon Christianity in Lebanon Catholic Church in Lebanon Saint George Greek Orthodox Cathedral 2nd century in Lebanon 3rd century in Lebanon 4th century in Lebanon 5th century in Lebanon 6th century in Lebanon 551 Beirut earthquake
¹ UNESCO World Heritage Sites ² Proposed Category:Roman sites in Lebanon