Große Bischofsmütze
| Große Bischofsmütze | |
|---|---|
 View from southeast, the Große Bischofsmütze is the right peak, with the Kleine Bischofsmütze on the left | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,458 m (8,064 ft)[1] |
| Prominence | 612 m (2,008 ft) |
| Coordinates | 47°29′37″N 13°30′42″E / 47.49361°N 13.51167°E / 47.49361; 13.51167 |
| Naming | |
| English translation | great bishop's mitre, great bishop's hat |
| Language of name | German |
| Geography | |
Location in Austria | |
| Location | Salzburg, Austria |
| Parent range | Northern Limestone Alps |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | June 28, 1879 by Johann Anhäusler and Johann Steiner |
The Große Bischofsmütze (German: "great bishop's mitre") is the highest peak in the Gosaukamm range of the Dachstein Mountains, Austria.
Together with the Kleine Bischofsmütze (2,430 metres [7,970 ft]), the Große Bischofsmütze (2,458 metres [8,064 ft]) forms a distinctive twin-peak, with the two summits separated by the Mützenschlucht ravine. The mountain is in the state of Salzburg, near the border with Upper Austria, and forms part of the larger Northern Limestone Alps.
History
The name of the mountain can be attributed to its characteristic shape, that resembles a bishop's mitre ("Bischofsmütze"). The mountain has also been referred to historically as Gosauer Stein ("Stone of Gosau") due to its location overlooking the town of Gosau.[2]
The Große Bischofsmütze was first ascended on June 28, 1879 by Johann Anhäusler and Johann Steiner.[3]
Two major rockfalls occurred in 1993 that displaced 100,000 tonnes (98,000 long tons; 110,000 short tons) of rock into the valley below, altering the mountain's visual profile.[4]
Geology
The upper parts of the mountain are composed of Dachstein limestone whilst the base is composed of dolomite.[5] The rocks date from the Upper Triassic period.
Climbing
The summit of the Große Bischofsmütze can only be accessed through rock climbing. The "Normal route" has an approach from the south passing through the Mützenschlucht, and on the UIAA climbing scale is graded III.[6] The route is polished, and also commonly used for descent. Some abseil points are present.[7] The Alpine club hut Hofpürglhütte that is directly south of the mountain is a base for many ascents. With a history of rockfalls and a particular fragile eastern side, the mountain is currently monitored to identify changes to its internal structure and assess risk of rock collapse.[4]
Gallery
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View from the west
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View from the east
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More detailed view from the south
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See also
References
- ^ 'Große Bischofsmütze' Peakbagger.com
- ^ Die Salzburger Kalkalpen. In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon. 6th edition. Vol. 1, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig/Vienna 1905, p. 361. – Die Salzburger Kalkalpen (in German)
- ^ Kurt Maix (1969), Im Banne der Dachstein Südwand (in German) (8 ed.), Salzburg/Stuttgart: Das Bergland-Buch, p. 370 (in German)
- ^ a b Die Bischofsmütze bröckelt. (in German) Retrieved 13/06/2020.
- ^ Geologie des Dachsteingebietes. (in German) Retrieved 13/06/2020.
- ^ "Gosaukamm - UKC logbook" Retrieved 14/06/20.
- ^ "UKC Logbook - 'Normal route'". www.ukclimbing.com. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
External links
Media related to Bischofsmütze at Wikimedia Commons