Graphis (lichen)

Graphis
Graphis scripta (lirellae)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Graphidales
Family: Graphidaceae
Genus: Graphis
Adans. (1763)
Type species
Graphis scripta
(L.) Ach. (1809)
Synonyms[1]
  • Oxystoma Eschw. (1824)
  • Fissurina Fée (1825)
  • Aulacographa Leight. (1854)
  • Diplolabia A.Massal. (1854)
  • Dyplolabia A.Massal. (1854)
  • Diplographis Kremp. ex A.Massal. (1860)
  • Anomomorpha Nyl. ex Hue (1891)
  • Digraphis Clem. (1909)
  • Graphidomyces E.A.Thomas ex Cif. & Tomas. (1953)

Graphis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae.[2]

Distribution

It has a cosmopolitan distribution, which includes most continents across the world.[3] This includes Florida in North America.[4]

Species

As accepted by Species Fungorum;[5]

  • Graphis alba J.C. Dantas, Lücking & M. Cáceres (2017)
  • Graphis albidofarinacea Adaw. & Makhija (2006)
  • Graphis albissima Müll. Arg. (1895)
  • Graphis albocarpa J. Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis alboglaucescens Adaw. & Makhija (2007)
  • Graphis alboscripta Coppins & P. James (1992)
  • Graphis allugallenensis Weerakoon, Wijey. & Lücking (2012)
  • Graphis alpestris (Zahlbr.) Staiger (2002)
  • Graphis amaliana Amórtegui, B. Moncada & Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis analoga Nyl. (1859)
  • Graphis andamanica Swarnal. (2017)
  • Graphis anfractuosa (Eschw.) Eschw. (1833)
  • Graphis apertella A.W. Archer (2001)
  • Graphis aphaneomicrospora (Makhija & Adaw.) J. Kalb & Kalb (2017)
  • Graphis aphanes Mont. & Bosch (1856)
  • Graphis apoda (Zahlbr.) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis appendiculata Common & Lücking (2011)
  • Graphis arbusculiformis (Vain.) Lücking (2012)
  • Graphis archeri Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (2010)
  • Graphis argentea Makhija & Adaw. (2005)
  • Graphis australosiamensis Sutjar. & Kalb (2014)
  • Graphis awasthii Kr.P. Singh & Swarnal. (2008)
  • Graphis balaghatensis (Adaw. & Makhija) J. Kalb & Kalb (2017)
  • Graphis bernadetiae van den Boom & Sipman (2014)
  • Graphis bipartita (Müll. Arg.) Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis boliviana Kukwa & Flakus (2013)
  • Graphis borealis (A.W. Archer) A.W. Archer (2005)
  • Graphis brahmanensis Aptroot (2009)
  • Graphis breussii G. Neuwirth & Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis brevicarpa M. Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H. Moon (2002)
  • Graphis brittoniae Seavey & J. Seavey (2011)
  • Graphis bungartzii A.B. Peña, Lücking, Herrera-Camp. & R. Miranda (2014)
  • Graphis cambodiensis M. Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H. Moon (2010)
  • Graphis caribica Lücking (2011)
  • Graphis carmenelisana B. Moncada, Motta & Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis catherinae A.W. Archer (2001)
  • Graphis centrifuga Räsänen (1949)
  • Graphis chondroplaca (Redinger) Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis cincta (Pers.) Aptroot (2009)
  • Graphis cinnamomea Adaw. & Makhija (2006)
  • Graphis coenensis A.W. Archer (2007)
  • Graphis colliculoides Adaw. & Makhija (2006)
  • Graphis collinsiae Lücking & Lumbsch (2010)
  • Graphis consociata (Makhija & Dube) Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis crassilabra Müll. Arg. (1882)
  • Graphis crebra
  • Graphis cremicolor (H. Magn.) Lücking & A.W. Archer (2009)
  • Graphis crocea (Makhija & Adaw.) Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis crystallifera (Redinger) Staiger (2002)
  • Graphis cupei Vain. ex Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis cycadicola A.W. Archer & Elix (2007)
  • Graphis darjeelingensis (Dharne & Roych.) Kr.P. Singh & Swarnal. (2008)
  • Graphis dendrogramma[6]
  • Graphis descissa Müll. Arg. (1895)
  • Graphis desquamescens (Fée) Zahlbr. (1909)
  • Graphis dichotoma (Müll. Arg.) Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis discarpa A.W. Archer (2004)
  • Graphis dispersa Makhija & Adaw. (2005)
  • Graphis distincta Makhija & Adaw. (2005)
  • Graphis dracaenae Vain. (1901)
  • Graphis duplicata Ach. (1814)[6]
  • Graphis duplicatoinspersa Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis eburnea Adaw. & Makhija (2007)
  • Graphis eimeoensis A.W. Archer & Elix (2007)
  • Graphis elegans (Borrer ex Sm.) Ach. (1814)
  • Graphis elevata Seavey & J. Seavey (2011)
  • Graphis emersa Müll. Arg. (1893)
  • Graphis emersella J. Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis endoxantha Nyl. (1861)
  • Graphis enteroleuca (Ach.) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis epimelaeana Müll. Arg. (1893)
  • Graphis evirescens (Redinger) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis ferrugineodisca Seavey & J. Seavey (2017)
  • Graphis filiformis Adaw. & Makhija (2007)
  • Graphis fissurinoides van den Boom & Sipman (2013)
  • Graphis flavopalmicola Y. Joshi, Lücking & Hur (2010)
  • Graphis flavovirens Makhija & Adaw. (2005)
  • Graphis flosculifera Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot (2019)
  • Graphis fulvescens M. Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H. Moon (2015)
  • Graphis galactoderma (Zahlbr.) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis gloriosensis A.W. Archer & Elix (2007)
  • Graphis gonimica [6]
  • Graphis guangdongensis Z.F. Jia & J.C. Wei (2009)
  • Graphis halonata Kalb & Aptroot (2018)
  • Graphis hatschbachii S.C. Feuerst. & Eliasaro (2014)
  • Graphis hinnulea Seavey & J. Seavey (2011)
  • Graphis hodgesiana Lendemer (2010)
  • Graphis hongkongensis Wei Guo & Hur (2015)
  • Graphis hunanensis (Zahlbr.) M. Nakan. & Kashiw. (2003)
  • Graphis hyphosa Staiger (2002)
  • Graphis hypocrellina Lücking & Chaves (2008)
  • Graphis immersella Müll. Arg. (1895)
  • Graphis immersicans A.W. Archer (2001)
  • Graphis implicata Fée (1874)
  • Graphis inamoena Zahlbr. (1928)
  • Graphis indica J. Kalb & Kalb (2017)
  • Graphis inopinata S.C. Feuerst. & Eliasaro (2014)
  • Graphis inspersolongula Aptroot (2009)
  • Graphis insulana (Müll. Arg.) Lücking & Sipman (2008)
  • Graphis insularis Makhija & Adaw. (2005)
  • Graphis inustuloides Lücking (2012)
  • Graphis isidiza Adaw. & Makhija (2004)
  • Graphis japonica (Müll. Arg.) A.W. Archer & Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis jeanmuelleri Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis jejuensis K.H. Moon, M. Nakan. & Kashiw. (2012)
  • Graphis jinhuana Kalb & Z.F. Jia (2014)
  • Graphis kakaduensis A.W. Archer (2001)
  • Graphis kavintuca Motta, B. Moncada & Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis khaojoneana J. Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis khaoyaiensis Poengs. & Lumbsch (2019)
  • Graphis kollaimalaiensis Adaw. & Makhija (2006)
  • Graphis koltermaniae Seavey & J. Seavey (2017)
  • Graphis koratensis Pitakpong, Kraichak & Lücking (2015)
  • Graphis koreana S. Joshi & Hur (2013)
  • Graphis kousyuensis (Horik. & M. Nakan.) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis kurokawae M. Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H. Moon (2008)
  • Graphis leptaleocarpa A.W. Archer (2002)
  • Graphis leptocarpa Fée (1825)
  • Graphis leptocarpoides Makhija & Adaw. (2005)
  • Graphis leptoclada Müll. Arg. (1882)
  • Graphis leptotremoides Papong, Lücking & Kraichak (2014)
  • Graphis librata C. Knight (1884)[6]
  • Graphis lindsayana Lücking & Diederich (2017)
  • Graphis lineola Ach. (1810)
  • Graphis litoralis Lücking, Sipman & Chaves (2008)
  • Graphis lueckingiana S. Joshi, Upreti & Hur (2018)
  • Graphis lueckingii Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (2010)
  • Graphis luluensis A.W. Archer (2004)
  • Graphis lurizana Lücking, B. Moncada & Celis (2018)
  • Graphis lutea (Chevall.) Aptroot (2008)
  • Graphis maharashtrana Chitale, Makhija & B.O. Sharma (2011)
  • Graphis manipurensis Pushpi Singh & Kr.P. Singh (2014)
  • Graphis maomingensis Meng Z. Yang & Lu L. Zhang (2018)
  • Graphis maritima (A.W. Archer) A.W. Archer (2007)
  • Graphis marusae A.B. Peña & Lücking (2011)
  • Graphis medusula (Spreng.) Kremp. (1876)
  • Graphis meghalayensis Adaw. & Makhija (2007)
  • Graphis mellis-insulae S.C. Feuerst. & Eliasaro (2014)
  • Graphis microsperma (Chitale, Makhija & B.O. Sharma) Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis mikuraensis Y. Ohmura & M. Nakan. (2016)
  • Graphis mucronata
  • Graphis murali-elegans Sipman (2014)
  • Graphis muscicola (Kalb) Staiger (2002)
  • Graphis myrtacea (Müll. Arg.) Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis neeladriensis Mohabe, Bodicherla, Nayaka & A.M. Reddy (2016)
  • Graphis negrosina (Vain.) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis neoelongata Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis neoraensis Jagad. Ram & G.P. Sinha (2009)
  • Graphis nerurensis Makhija, A. Dube, Adaw. & Chitale (2006)
  • Graphis nigririmis (Nyl.) Müll. Arg. (1895)
  • Graphis nigrocarpa Adaw. & Makhija (2006)
  • Graphis nigroglobosa Sipman (2014)
  • Graphis nilgiriensis Adaw. & Makhija (2006)
  • Graphis nitida Nyl. (1858)
  • Graphis norfolkensis A.W. Archer & Elix (2019)
  • Graphis norsorediata Aptroot (2020)
  • Graphis norstictica A.W. Archer & Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis nudanorsticta Z.F. Jia & Q.D. Wang (2018)
  • Graphis omiana J. Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis palmicola Makhija & Adaw. (2005)
  • Graphis pananensis Kalb & Z.F. Jia (2014)
  • Graphis panhalensis (Patw. & C.R. Kulk.) Chitale, Makhija & B.O. Sharma (2011)
  • Graphis papillifera Lücking, N.Marín & B.Moncada (2023)[7] – Colombia
  • Graphis paradisserpens Sipman & Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis paradussii Z.F. Jia (2011)
  • Graphis paralleloides M. Cáceres & Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis paranaensis Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (2010)
  • Graphis paraschiffneri Lücking & Breuss (2015)
  • Graphis paraserpens Lizano & Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis pernambucoradians M. Cáceres & Lücking (2007)
  • Graphis persulcata Stirt. (1879)
  • Graphis pertricosa (Kremp.) A.W. Archer (2005)
  • Graphis plumbeidisca M. Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H. Moon (2014)
  • Graphis propinqua Müll. Arg. (1882)
  • Graphis pseudoglyphis Lücking, N.Marín & B.Moncada (2023)[7] – Colombia
  • Graphis pseudoserpens Chaves & Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis pseudosophistica
  • Graphis puiggarii (Müll. Arg.) Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis pustulosa M. Cáceres, Aptroot & Lücking (2014)
  • Graphis pyrrhocheiloides[6]
  • Graphis rajapakshana Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot (2019)
  • Graphis ramosa Nyl. (1891)
  • Graphis rimosothallina Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot (2019)
  • Graphis riopiedrensis (Fink) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis robertusii A.B. Peña, Herrera-Camp. & R. Miranda (2015)
  • Graphis rondoniana M. Cáceres, Aptroot & Lücking (2014)
  • Graphis rongklaensis Sutjar. (2012)
  • Graphis rosae-emiliae A.B. Peña & Lücking (2014)
  • Graphis rosalbinana B. Moncada, Amórtegui & Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis salacinilongiramea Adaw. & Makhija (2007)
  • Graphis santanderiana Motta, B. Moncada & Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis saxicola (Müll. Arg.) A.W. Archer (2005)
  • Graphis schummiana J. Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis scripta (L.) Ach. (1809)
  • Graphis seawardii Flakus & Kukwa (2013)
  • Graphis semiaperta Müll. Arg. (1891)
  • Graphis sirohiensis Pushpi Singh & Kr.P. Singh (2014)
  • Graphis sitapurensis Makhija & Adaw. (2005)
  • Graphis slendrae Hale ex Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis solmariana Motta, B. Moncada & Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis srilankensis Weerakoon, Wijey. & Lumbsch (2012)
  • Graphis stellata M. Cáceres & Lücking (2007)
  • Graphis stenospora Müll. Arg. (1882)
  • Graphis stenotera Vain. (1921)
  • Graphis stipitata A.W. Archer (2001)
  • Graphis streimannii A.W. Archer (2001)
  • Graphis subalbostriata Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis subaltamirensis Passos, M. Cáceres & Lücking (2018)
  • Graphis subargentata S.C. Feuerst., Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (2014)
  • Graphis subcontorta (Müll. Arg.) Lücking & Chaves (2008)
  • Graphis subcupei S.C. Feuerst. & Eliasaro (2014)
  • Graphis subelongata Papong, Lücking & Kraichak (2014)
  • Graphis subfiliformis E.L. Lima & Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis subhiascens (Müll. Arg.) Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis subinsulana Poengs. & Kalb (2014)
  • Graphis subintermedians Hale ex Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis sublitoralis J. Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis submarginata Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis subregularis A.W. Archer (2001)
  • Graphis subschroederi J. Kalb, Lücking & Kalb (2018)
  • Graphis subtecta (Nyl.) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis subtenella Müll. Arg. (1887)
  • Graphis subvittata Adaw. & Makhija (2007)
  • Graphis sulphurella (Zahlbr.) Lücking (2009)
  • Graphis sundarbanensis Jagad. Ram & G.P. Sinha (2007)
  • Graphis supracola A.W. Archer (2001)
  • Graphis suzanae Koch & S.C. Feuerst. (2016)
  • Graphis syzygii Aptroot (2009)
  • Graphis taneina M. Nakan., Kashiw. & K.H. Moon (2011)
  • Graphis tenella Ach. (1814)
  • Graphis tenoriensis Chaves & Lücking (2008)
  • Graphis tenuirima (Shirley) A.W. Archer (2005)
  • Graphis tetracarbonisata L.I. Ferraro, Lücking, Aptroot & M. Cáceres (2014)
  • Graphis tetralocularis C. Bock & M. Hauck (2005)
  • Graphis thunsinhalayensis Weerakoon, Arachchige & Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis treubii Zahlbr. (1928)
  • Graphis tricolor Aptroot & Feuerstein (2020)
  • Graphis turgidula Müll. Arg. (1895)
  • Graphis valparaiensis Adaw. & Makhija (2007)
  • Graphis vermifera Müll. Arg. (1887)
  • Graphis verrucata Z.F. Jia & Kalb (2014)
  • Graphis verruciformis Adaw. & Makhija (2006)
  • Graphis verrucoserpens Lücking (2019)
  • Graphis vinosa Müll. Arg. (1895)
  • Graphis xylophaga (R.C. Harris) Lendemer (2008)
  • Graphis yunnanensis S. Joshi, Upreti & Hur (2015)

References

  1. ^ "Graphis Adans. 1763". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
  2. ^ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, LKT; S, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.
  3. ^ "Graphis Adans., 1763". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  4. ^ Seavey, Frederick; Seavey, Jean (2011). "The lichen genus Graphis (Graphidaceae) in Everglades National Park (Florida)". The Bryologist. 114 (4): 764–784. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-114.4.764. S2CID 84133253.
  5. ^ "Graphis - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  6. ^ a b c d e Zacarias Lepista; André Aptroot (March 2022). "Five further species of Graphis reported new to Europe from Portugal". The Lichenologist. 54 (2): 101–106. doi:10.1017/S0024282922000093. S2CID 247795103.
  7. ^ a b Lücking, Robert; Álvaro-Alba, Wilson Ricardo; Moncada, Bibiana; Marín-Canchala, Norida Lucia; Tunjano, Sonia Sua; Cárdenas-López, Dairon (2023). "Lichens from the Colombian Amazon: 666 taxa including 28 new species and 157 new country records document an extraordinary diversity". The Bryologist. 126 (2): 242–303. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-126.2.242.


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