File:BnF MS Gr139 folio 419 verso - detail - Nyx.jpg

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Summary

Description
English: The goddess Nyx ("Night"; Greek: Νύξ, Núx; Latin: Nox) in a 10th-century Greek manuscript, the Paris Psalter.

Here Nyx is labelled and shown nimbate with a dark complexion, with dark clothes and a starry mantle.

The full image shows the crossing of the Red Sea in two registers: above, the prophet Moses and the Israelites through the desert with personifications of Night and Desert (labelled: ἔρημος), following the pillar of fire; below, the Red Sea drowns the army of Pharaoh as personifications of the Red Sea (labelled: ἐρυθρὰ θαλαση [sic]) and of the "Depths" (labelled: βυθός) drown Pharaoh himself. The lower scene illustrates the Book of Exodus 15:1–19, especially ch. 4–5:

ἅρματα Φαραω καὶ τὴν δύναμιν αὐτοῦ ἔρριψεν εἰς θάλασσαν, ἐπιλέκτους ἀναβάτας τριστάτας κατεπόντισεν ἐν ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ. πόντῳ ἐκάλυψεν αὐτούς, κατέδυσαν εἰς βυθὸν ὡσεὶ λίθος.

*The chariots of Pharao and his host he threw into the sea; choice riders, third-ranked officers, he drowned in the Red Sea. With open sea he covered them; they sank into the deep like stone. (NETS)

  • Pharaoh's chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea. The depths have covered them: they sank into the bottom as a stone. (KJV)

The upper register illustrates the Book of Exodus 13: 21–22:

ὁ δὲ θεὸς ἡγεῖτο αὐτῶν, ἡμέρας μὲν ἐν στύλῳ νεφέλης δεῖξαι αὐτοῖς τὴν ὁδόν, τὴν δὲ νύκτα ἐν στύλῳ πυρός· οὐκ ἐξέλιπεν ὁ στῦλος τῆς νεφέλης ἡμέρας καὶ ὁ στῦλος τοῦ πυρὸς νυκτὸς ἐναντίον παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ.

*Now God was leading them, by day a pillar of cloud to show them the way but during the night by a pillar of fire. The pillar of cloud during the day and the pillar of fire by night did not depart from before all the people.

  • And the LORD went before them by day in a pillar of a cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light; to go by day and night: He took not away the pillar of the cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire by night, from before the people.
Date 9 March 2015 (online on Gallica)
Source

Illustrated painted parchment Greek manuscript psalter (the "Paris Psalter", c. 940–960 AD) in the Bibliothèque nationale de France. (BnF MS grec 139) folio 419v.

[1]
Author Bibliothèque nationale de France

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Captions

The goddess Nyx ("Night"; Greek: Νύξ, ''Núx''; Latin: ''Nox'') in a 10th-century Greek manuscript, the ''Paris Psalter'', in the National Library of France

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Paris Psalter

Nyx

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