D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation

D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation
Formation1996
1997 (1 Summit)
Legal statusIntergovernmental Organization
HeadquartersIstanbul, Turkey
Membership
Secretary-General
Ambassador Isiaka Abdulqadir Imam
Websitewww.developing8.org

The D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation, also known as Developing-8, is an organisation for development co-operation among the following countries: Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Turkey. The objectives of D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation are to improve member states' position in the global economy, diversify and create new opportunities in trade relations, enhance participation in decision-making at international level, and improve standards of living. D-8 is a global arrangement rather than a regional one, as the composition of its members reflects. Organization for Economic Cooperation (D-8) is a forum with no adverse impact on bilateral and multilateral commitments of the member countries, emanating from their membership to other international or regional organizations.[2]

The combined population of the eight countries is about 1.2 billion or 60% of all Muslims, or close to 13% of the world's population and covering an area of 7.6 million square kilometers, 5% of world land area.[3] In 2006, trade between the D-8 member states stood at $35 billion, and it was around $68 billion in 2010.[4] Transactions between the 8 developing countries accounted for 3.3 percent of world trade in 2010.[4] The total nominal GDP of the eight nations was around 4.92 trillion as of 2023.

History

The idea of co-operation among major Muslim developing countries was mooted by Prof. Dr. Necmettin Erbakan, the then Prime Minister of Turkey, during a Seminar on "Cooperation in Development" which was held in Istanbul in October 1996.

The group envisioned co-operation among countries stretching from South East Asia to Africa. Representatives from Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria and Pakistan attended the Seminar. This conference was the first step towards the establishment of D-8 and it was only after a series of preparatory meetings that D-8 was set up officially and began its activities with the Istanbul Declaration issued at the end of the summit of Heads of State and Government held in Istanbul on 15 June 1997.[5]

Purposes and objectives

As stated by the D-8 Facts and Figures Publication: "The objectives of D-8 are to improve developing countries' positions in the world economy, diversify and create new opportunities in trade relations, enhance participation in decision-making at the international level, and provide better standards of living." The main areas of co-operation include finance, banking, rural development, science and technology, humanitarian development, agriculture, energy, environment, and health.[3]

In the first Summit Declaration (Istanbul, 1997), the main objective of D-8 is stated to be socio-economic development in accordance with the following principles:

  • Peace instead of conflict.
  • Dialogue instead of confrontation.
  • Cooperation instead of exploitation.
  • Justice instead of double standard.
  • Equality instead of discrimination.
  • Democracy instead of oppression.

By the same token, D-8 is a forum with no adverse impact on bilateral and multilateral commitments of the member countries, emanating from their membership of other regional or international organizations.

The fifth D-8 Summit Declaration (Bali, 2006) produced the following, as illustration of the application of the group's objectives:

  • Commitment to work together to solve the problem of economic disparities within our countries.
  • Reaffirm commitment to enhance co-operation in the field of energy to develop alternative and renewable energy resources.
  • Emphasize the importance of D-8 in contributing to the economic development of its member countries and ensure that it promotes global trade.[6]

Structure

The Summit, which is convened every two years, has the highest level of authority, and is composed of the leaders of each member state.[7]

The Council is the principal decision-making body and forum for consideration of issues relating to the and is composed of the foreign affairs ministers of each member state.

The Commission has executive authority, and is composed of Commissioners appointed by each member state's government. Commissioners are responsible for promoting compliance with directives in their respective nation. Finally, an executive director is appointed by D-8 members to facilitate communication and to act in a supervisory capacity during each summit or lower-level assembly.

D-8 Summits

Date Host country Host leader Location held
1 June 1997  Turkey Necmettin Erbakan Istanbul
2 March 1999  Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina Dhaka
3 February 2001  Egypt Hosni Mubarak Cairo
4 February 2004  Iran Mohammad Khatami Tehran
5 May 2006  Indonesia Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Bali
6 July 2008  Malaysia Abdullah Ahmad Badawi Kuala Lumpur
7 July 2010  Nigeria Muhammadu Buhari Abuja
8 November 2012  Pakistan Asif Ali Zardari Islamabad
9 October 2017  Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Istanbul
10 April 2021  Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina Virtual

Member countries

Country Population (1July 2023)[8] Nominal GDP (USD million)[9] Nominal GDP per capita ($)[9] PPP GDP (Int$ million)[9] PPP GDP per capita (Int$)[9] Life expectancy (years, avg. 2021) HDI (2021)[10]
 Bangladesh 172,954,319 509,516 2,969 1,578,164 9,063 74.3 0.661 (medium)
 Egypt 112,716,599 378,110 3,644 1,803,584 16,979 71.8 0.731 (high)
 Indonesia 277,534,123 1,391,778 5,016 4,398,729 15,855 71.3 0.705 (high)
 Iran 89,172,767 367,970 4,251 1,691,819 19,548 77.3 0.774 (high)
 Malaysia 34,308,525 447,026 13,382 1,230,823 36,847 74.7 0.803 (very high)
 Nigeria 223,804,632 506,601 2,280 1,372,624 6,178 62.6 0.535 (low)
 Pakistan 240,485,658 376,493 (2022) 1,658 (2022) 1,582,988 6,836 68 0.544 (medium)
 Turkey 85,816,199 1,029,303 11,931 3,572,551 41,412 78.6 0.838 (very high)
Combined/Average 1,236,792,822 4,917,797 3,976 17,128,282 13,849 72.0 N/A

Secretaries-General of D-8

No. Name Country of origin Took office Left office
1 Ayhan Kamel  Turkey 1997 2006
2 Dipo Alam  Indonesia 2006 2010
3 Widi Agoes Pratikto  Indonesia 2010 2012
4 Seyed Ali Mohammad Mousavi  Iran 2013 2017
5 Ambassador Dato' Ku Jaafar Ku Shaari  Malaysia 2018 2021
6 Ambassador Isiaka Abdulqadir Imam  Nigeria 2022 present

Affiliated Bodies

  • D-8 International University[11]
  • D-8 Map of Scientific Excellence and Collaboration (D8-MSEC)[12]
  • D-8 Network of Pioneers for Research and Innovation (D-8 NPRI)[13]
  • D-8 Technology Transfer and Exchange Network (D-8 TTEN)[14]
  • D-8 Health and Social Protection Programme (D-8 HSP)[15]
  • D-8 Research Center for Agriculture and Food Security[16]

See also

References

  1. ^ The official website Archived 12 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine adopts the "G-15" orthography (with a hyphen) in order to distinguish an abbreviated references to this group – contrasts with other similarly named entities.
  2. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 18 November 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^ a b "D8 ministerial summit opens today". Tehran Times. 27 February 2010. Retrieved 1 March 2010.
  4. ^ a b "Iran pledges €50m to D8 fund". tehran times. 28 February 2010. Retrieved 1 March 2010.
  5. ^ Mousavi, Seyed Ali Mohammad (15 June 2017). "D-8 organization: 20 years of unique experiments in economic cooperation". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  6. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ "Developing 8". Developing 8. 13 May 2006. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 1 March 2010.
  8. ^ "UNdata | record view | Total population, both sexes combined (thousands)". data.un.org. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  9. ^ a b c d International Monetary Fund. "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2023". International Monetary Fund.
  10. ^ Human Development Report 2021-22: Uncertain Times, Unsettled Lives: Shaping our Future in a Transforming World (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 8 September 2022. pp. 272–276. ISBN 978-9-211-26451-7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  11. ^ "D-8 International University - D8 International Portal - D8 Portal". D8 International Portal. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  12. ^ d8.isc.ac https://d8.isc.ac/. Retrieved 27 December 2023. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ^ developing8.org http://developing8.org/d-8-npri/. Retrieved 27 December 2023. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  14. ^ "HOME". D-8TTEN. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  15. ^ developing8.org https://developing8.org/areas-of-cooperation/health/. Retrieved 27 December 2023. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  16. ^ "University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF)". web.uaf.edu.pk. Retrieved 27 December 2023.

External links

  • Official website
  • D-8 Member States Statistics
  • D-8 Publications
  • Preferential Trade Agreement
  • Agriculture and Food Security
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