Battle of Tadla

Battle of Tadla
	Part of Conflicts between the Regency of Algiers and Morocco
Date	September 1554
Location	Tadla, Morocco32°20′0″N 6°21′0″W / 32.33333°N 6.35000°W / 32.33333; -6.35000
Result	Saadi victory
Belligerents
Wattasid Dynasty	Saadi Dynasty
Commanders and leaders
Ali Abu Hassun †	Muhammad al-Shaykh
Strength
Unknown	Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Unknown
	Battle of Tadla class=notpageimage\| Location of the Battle of Tadla

The Battle of Tadla occurred in September 1554 in Tadla, Morocco, between Ali Abu Hassun, last ruler of the Wattasid dynasty, and Mohammed ash-Sheikh, ruler of the Saadis.

Background

In 1545 the Wattasid ruler in northern Morocco, Abu Hassun, submitted to the Ottoman sultan and declared himself an Ottoman vassal, however the Ottomans were unable to intervene when the Wattasids had lost Fez to their southern Saadian rivals under their leader Mohammed ash-Sheikh. ^[1]^[2]^[3] Ali Abu Hassun fled to the neighbouring Ottoman Empire possession of Algiers, where he was offered asylum.^[4]

Ali Abu Hassun was able with the help of the Ottomans under Salah Rais to reconquer Fes in 1554.^[5] Ali Abu-Hassun was put in place as Sultan of Fez and a vassal of the Ottomans supported by the Janissaries and an Algerian army.^[5] Ali Abu Hassun soon paid off the Algerian troops, and gave them the base of Peñon de Velez, which the Moroccans had reconquered from Spain in 1522.^[5] Upon withdrawal, Salah Reis assured the Saadi ruler that he would grant his enemy Ali Abu Hassun no further assistance.^[6]

Battle

Ali Abu Hassun was vanquished and killed by the Saadians at the Battle of Tadla in September 1554 thus bringing an end to the Wattasid dynasty.^[5]

Following the battle, Mohammed ash-Sheik was able to enter the city of Fez on 13 September 1554, and became the undisputed ruler of Morocco, establishing the Saadian dynasty as the sole ruler of the country.^[5]^[7]

Aftermath

The Ottomans would react by having Mohammed ash-Sheik killed in 1557 by an assassin named Sahil, who brandished an axe and decapitated the Saadi ruler which then led to an attempt to invade the country the following year in the Battle of Wadi al-Laban.

Notes

^ Jamil M. Abun-Nasr (20 August 1987). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p.156. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.
^ Ahmad Al-Mansur: Islamic Visionary - p.11 Richard Lee Smith Pearson Longman,
^ The Last Great Muslim Empires. p.103. By H. J. Kissling, Bertold Spuler, N. Barbour, J. S. Trimingham, H. Braun, H. Hartel
^ A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period by Jamil M. Abun-Nasr p.155ff
^ a b c d e Spuler, Bertold; Kissling, Hans Joachim (1994). History of the Muslim World. M. Wiener. ISBN 978-1-55876-112-4.
^ The Present State of the Empire of Morocco. Its Animals, Products, Climate, Soil, Cities, Ports, Provinces, Coins, Weights, and Measures. With the Language, Religion, Laws, Manners, Customs, and Character, of the Moors; the History of the Dynasties Since Edris; the Naval Force and Commerce of Morocco; and the Character, Conduct, and Views, Political and Commercial, of the Reigning Emperor. Translated from the French of M. Chenier. Vol. 1. [-2.], Volume 2
^ Ogot, Bethwell A.; Africa, Unesco International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of (1 January 1992). Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. UNESCO. ISBN 978-92-3-101711-7.

[1] Jamil M. Abun-Nasr (20 August 1987). A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period. Cambridge University Press. p.156. ISBN 978-0-521-33767-0.

[2] Ahmad Al-Mansur: Islamic Visionary - p.11 Richard Lee Smith Pearson Longman,

[3] The Last Great Muslim Empires. p.103. By H. J. Kissling, Bertold Spuler, N. Barbour, J. S. Trimingham, H. Braun, H. Hartel

[Abun-Nasr_155-4] A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period by Jamil M. Abun-Nasr p.155ff

[Kissling_103-5] Spuler, Bertold; Kissling, Hans Joachim (1994). History of the Muslim World. M. Wiener. ISBN 978-1-55876-112-4.

[6] The Present State of the Empire of Morocco. Its Animals, Products, Climate, Soil, Cities, Ports, Provinces, Coins, Weights, and Measures. With the Language, Religion, Laws, Manners, Customs, and Character, of the Moors; the History of the Dynasties Since Edris; the Naval Force and Commerce of Morocco; and the Character, Conduct, and Views, Political and Commercial, of the Reigning Emperor. Translated from the French of M. Chenier. Vol. 1. [-2.], Volume 2

[7] Ogot, Bethwell A.; Africa, Unesco International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of (1 January 1992). Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. UNESCO. ISBN 978-92-3-101711-7.