Barnsdale
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| Barnsdale | |
|---|---|
 Robin Hood's Well is on the east of the southbound carriageway of the A1, about 1 mile south of Barnsdale Bar. | |
  Barnsdale Location within South Yorkshire | |
| OS grid reference | SE508136 |
| Metropolitan borough | |
| Metropolitan county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | DONCASTER |
| Postcode district | DN6 |
| Dialling code | 01302 |
| Police | South Yorkshire |
| Fire | South Yorkshire |
| Ambulance | Yorkshire |
Barnsdale, or Barnsdale Forest, is an area of South and West Yorkshire, England. The area falls within the modern-day districts of Doncaster and Wakefield. Barnsdale was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire.[1] Barnsdale is commonly assoicated with Robin Hood.
Geography
Barnsdale historically falls within the West Riding of Yorkshire.[1] As there is no village or parish with the name Barnsdale, the area does not have clear boundaries.[2][3]
Barnsdale Wood is an ancient woodland covering and is part of the Rutland Water Site of Special Scientific Interest, the area was partly destroyed by the construction of a reservoir with 69 acres (28 ha) remaining.[4]
Barnsdale Bar is the site of the junction of the A1 (the historic Great North Road), the A639, and Wrangbrook Lane, Woodfield Road and Long Lane (junction 38 of the A1). Bar refers to where there was previously a toll gate, now a service station lies just north of the junction, about eight miles north-northwest of Doncaster.[5] There a three limestone quarries nearby, and archeological digs at the site have turned up materials dating back to the Iron Age and Neolithic eras.[6]
Barnsdale Forest refers to the area south of Barnsdale Bar. Despite the name, archeological evidences suggests historically the area was predominantly an agricultural landscape of enclosures, trackways and feilds; rather than being covered entirely with trees. The name may derive from the medieval legal sense of "Forest" meaning an area designated for hunting.[5] Maps from 1579 and 1610 do show small enclosed areas of woodland in Rutland, one of which is labelled Barnsdale, that were created for hunting and would have been enclosed by earth banks and wooden palings.[2]
Notable structures
- At Barnsdale Bar there is a 1,226 yards (0.697 mi) railway tunnel, part of the former Hull and Barnsley Railway, which was closed in 1959.[7]
- The model village of Woodlands lies about 4 miles south of Barnsdale Bar between the Roman Road and the A638 (the "Great North Road").
Connections between the Barnsdale area and the Robin Hood legend
In the earliest medieval ballads of Robin Hood, which date from the fifteenth century, the outlaw is stated as having made Barnsdale Forest his abode and base of operations (for example, in "Robin Hood and Guy of Gisbourne", and in "A Gest of Robyn Hode"[8]). Notable locations within the forest of Barnsdale which are directly related to the Robin Hood legend include the villages of Wentbridge and Campsall.
There is also Robin Hood's Well, a small monument (apparently designed by John Vanbrugh) lying right next to the A1 between the Red House junction and Barnsdale Bar, in between the villages of Skelbrooke and Burghwallis. However, it was moved around 1960 when the junction was being constructed, so the real well is actually beneath the A1.[9]
Another well – Little John's Well – lies to the west of Hampole, between Wrangbrook and Skelbrooke (but closer to the latter). It is also called Little John's Cave. Situated by the A638, to the west of Barnsdale, it was once engraved with the outlaw's name, but is now derelict.
South of Barnsdale Bar, the A1 follows the old Roman Road of Ermine Street – north of Barnsdale Bar the A639 follows the course of the Roman Road more closely whilst the A1 follows a more recent route. Several villages and geological features along this route are mentioned in the early ballads of Robin Hood as being places the outlaw would visit. The town of Doncaster, farther south, is not mentioned directly, but is referred to by the names of David of Doncaster, a Merry Man in Robin Hood and the Golden Arrow, and Roger of Doncaster, a villain involved in Robin's murder in A Gest of Robyn Hode and Robin Hood's Death.
In Hanging Wood, also known as Highfields Wood, which lies between Hampole and Highfields, 53°33′39.96″N 1°11′58.68″W / 53.5611000°N 1.1996333°W / 53.5611000; -1.1996333 a small stream known as Robin Hood's stream springs from underneath the Roman Road and runs into the Pick Burn.
References
- ^ a b Smith, Albert Hugh (1961). The Place-Names of the West Riding of Yorkshire. EPN Society.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b Sue Howelett (2008). "Barnsdale". The Heritage of Rutland Water (pdf). ISBN 9780907464419.
- ^ Robert Fortunaso (29 June 2010). "Barnsdale". RobinHoodLegend.com. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
- ^ "Barnsdale Wood". NatureSpot.org.
- ^ a b Richard Morris (2008). "In Barnsdale Forest". Yorkshire: A Lyrical History of England's Greatest County. ISBN 9781780229096.
- ^ "The Magnesian Limestone in South and West Yorkshire". Archeological Services, West Yorkshire Joint Services. Archived from the original on 18 June 2006.
- ^ "Barnsdale Tunnel". ForgottenRelics.org. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
- ^ Stephen Knight; Thomas Ohlgren, eds. (1997). "A Gest of Robyn Hood". Robin Hood and Other Outlaw Tales.
- ^ "Robin Hood's Well (Skellow)". britannia.com. Archived from the original on 3 September 2005. Retrieved 27 January 2006.
