Anax (dragonfly)

Anax
Anax parthenope
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Odonata
Infraorder: Anisoptera
Family: Aeshnidae
Genus: Anax
Leach, 1815[1]
Type species
Anax imperator
Leach, 1815
Madagascar emperor
male A. tumorifer

Anax (from Ancient Greek ἄναξ anax, "lord, master, king")[2] is a genus of dragonflies in the family Aeshnidae. It includes species such as the emperor dragonfly, Anax imperator.[3]

Anax spp. are very large dragonflies. They generally have light-colored bodies and dark tails with pale markings.[4]

Some species are migratory, for example Anax junius.

Species

The genus Anax includes these species:[5]

  • Anax amazili (Burmeister, 1839) – Amazon darner[6]
  • Anax aurantiacus Makbun, Wongkamhaeng & Keetapithchayakul, 2022
  • Anax bangweuluensis Kimmins, 1955 – swamp emperor[7]
  • Anax chloromelas Ris, 1911 – dark emperor[8]
  • Anax concolor Brauer, 1865 – blue-spotted comet darner[6]
  • Anax congoliath Fraser, 1953
  • Anax ephippiger (Burmeister, 1839) – vagrant emperor[9]
  • Anax fumosus Hagen, 1867
  • Anax georgius Selys, 1872 – Kimberley emperor[10]
  • Anax gladiator Dijkstra & Kipping, 2015 – swordbearer emperor[11]
  • Anax gibbosulus Rambur, 1842 – green emperor[10]
  • Anax guttatus (Burmeister, 1839) – lesser green emperor[10]
  • Anax immaculifrons Rambur, 1842 – magnificent emperor[12]
  • Anax imperator Leach, 1815 – emperor dragonfly,[13] blue emperor[14]
  • Anax indicus Lieftinck, 1942 – elephant emperor[15]
  • Anax junius (Drury, 1773) – common green darner[6]
  • Anax longipes Hagen, 1861 – comet darner[6]
  • Anax maclachlani Förster, 1898
  • Anax mandrakae Gauthier, 1988
  • Anax nigrofasciatus Oguma, 1915 – blue-spotted emperor[16]
  • Anax panybeus Hagen, 1867
  • Anax papuensis Burmeister, 1839[17] – Australian emperor
  • Anax parthenope (Selys, 1839) – lesser emperor[13]
  • Anax piraticus Kennedy, 1934
  • Anax pugnax Lieftinck, 1942
  • Anax selysi Förster, 1900
  • Anax speratus Hagen, 1867 – orange emperor[18]
  • Anax strenuus Hagen, 1867 – giant Hawaiian darner, pinao[19]
  • Anax tristis Hagen, 1867 – black emperor, magnificent emperor[20]
  • Anax tumorifer McLachlan, 1885
  • Anax walsinghami McLachlan, 1882 – giant darner[6]

Taxonomic history

The genus Anax was described by William Elford Leach in 1815 when he published the first bibliography of entomology[citation needed] in Brewster's Edinburgh Encyclopedia.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b Leach, W.E. (1815). "Entomology". In Brewster, David (ed.). Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Vol. 9. Edinburgh: William Blackwood. pp. 57–172 [137] (in 1830 edition) – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  2. ^ ἄναξ. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.
  3. ^ "Genus Anax Leach, 1815". Australian Faunal Directory. Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. 9 October 2008. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
  4. ^ Watson, J.A.L.; Theischinger, G.; Abbey, H.M. (1991). The Australian Dragonflies: A Guide to the Identification, Distributions and Habitats of Australian Odonata. Melbourne: CSIRO. ISBN 0643051368.
  5. ^ Paulson, D.; Schorr, M.; Abbott, J.; Bota-Sierra, C.; Deliry, C.; Dijkstra, K.-D.; Lozano, F. (2023). "World Odonata List". OdonataCentral, University of Alabama. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  6. ^ a b c d e "North American Odonata". University of Puget Sound. 2009. Archived from the original on 11 July 2010. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
  7. ^ Kipping, J.; Clausnitzer, V. (2018). "Anax bangweuluensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T60295A72307075. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T60295A72307075.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  8. ^ Clausnitzer, V.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B.; Suhling, F. (2016). "Anax chloromelas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59810A72308494. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59810A72308494.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  9. ^ Subramanian, K.A. (2016). "Anax ephippiger". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59811A72310087. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59811A72310087.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  10. ^ a b c Theischinger, Gunther (2006). The Complete Field Guide to Dragonflies of Australia. CSIRO Publishing. ISBN 0-643-09073-8.
  11. ^ "Anax gladiator Dijkstra & Kipping". PLAZI. Archived from the original on 3 January 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  12. ^ "Checklist, English common names". DragonflyPix.com. Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
  13. ^ a b "Checklist of UK Species". British Dragonfly Society. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
  14. ^ Mitra, A. (2016). "Anax imperator". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59812A72311295. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59812A72311295.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  15. ^ Anax indicus, Dragonflies and Damselflies of Thailand
  16. ^ "Anax nigrofasciatus". The ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity. Archived from the original on 25 July 2011. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
  17. ^ ABRS (18 July 2012). "Species Anax papuensis (Burmeister, 1839)". Australian Faunal Directory. Australian Biological Resources Study. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  18. ^ Boudot, J.-P.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B.; Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Schneider, W.; Samraoui, B. (2016). "Anax speratus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T90669049A72313202. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T90669049A72313202.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  19. ^ "Anax strenuus". Hawaii Biological Survey. Retrieved 25 August 2010.
  20. ^ Clausnitzer, V.; Suhling, F.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B. (2016). "Anax tristis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T59814A72314386. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T59814A72314386.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
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