Acuetzpalin (meaning "water lizard" in Classical Nahuatl) is an extinct genus of platypterygiineophthalmosauridichthyosaur found in the Kimmeridgian[1][2]La Casita Formation in Mexico.[3] It is known from a partial skeleton (missing the limbs), of which the skull is surprisingly well preserved. Its length is estimated to have been more than 3.1 metres (10 ft) long, considering the missing parts of the holotype.[3] It was the first ichthyosaur described in 2020 and the first new ichthyosaur genus described since 2017 (both Gengasaurus[4] and Keilhauia[5] were described in 2017).
Classification
A phylogenetic analysis conducted in 2020 reveals that Acuetzpalin is a member of the subfamily Platypterygiinae and is located among the most-derived platypterygiines.[3]
Phylogeny
The following cladogram shows a possible phylogenetic position of Acuetzpalin in Ophthalmosauridae according to the analysis performed by Zverkov and Jacobs (2020).[6]
^Zell, P., Stinnesbeck, W. (2016). "Salinites grossicostatum (Imlay, 1939) and S. finicostatum sp. nov. from the latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) of northeastern Mexico". Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana. 68 (2): 305–311. doi:10.18268/BSGM2016v68n2a8.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Ocampo-Díaz., Yam Zul Ernesto (2014). "Procedencia de la Formación La Casita y la Arcosa Patula: implicaciones para la evolución tectono-magmática del NE de México entre el Carbonífero y el Jurásico" (PDF). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas. 31: 45–63.
^ a b cJair Israel Barrientos Lara; Jesús Alvarado Ortega; Marta S.Fernández (2020). "Acuetzpalin carranzai gen et sp. nov. A new ophthalmosauridae (Ichthyosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Durango, North Mexico". Journal of South American Earth Sciences. 98: Article 102456. Bibcode:2020JSAES..9802456B. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2019.102456. S2CID 213102661.
^Ilaria Paparella; Erin E. Maxwell; Angelo Cipriani; Scilla Roncacè; Michael W. Caldwell (2017). "The first ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur from the Upper Jurassic of the Umbrian–Marchean Apennines (Marche, Central Italy)". Geological Magazine. 154 (4): 837–858. Bibcode:2017GeoM..154..837P. doi:10.1017/S0016756816000455. S2CID 132955874.
^Lene Liebe Delsett; Aubrey J. Roberts; Patrick S. Druckenmiller; Jørn H. Hurum (2017). "A New Ophthalmosaurid (Ichthyosauria) from Svalbard, Norway, and Evolution of the Ichthyopterygian Pelvic Girdle". PLOS ONE. 12 (1): e0169971. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1269971D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169971. PMC5266267. PMID 28121995.
^Nikolay G. Zverkov & Megan L. Jacobs (2021) [2020]. "Revision of Nannopterygius (Ichthyosauria: Ophthalmosauridae): reappraisal of the 'inaccessible' holotype resolves a taxonomic tangle and reveals an obscure ophthalmosaurid lineage with a wide distribution". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 191 (1): 228–275. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa028.
