A yen

A yen
A yen (A円, A en)
Unit
UnitA yen
Symbol¥‎
Denominations
Banknotes10s, 50s, 1¥, 5¥, 10¥, 20¥, 100¥
Demographics
User(s)Occupied Japan, Korea, and Ryukyu Islands
Issuance
Central bank • United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands
 • Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
 • Bank of Japan
This infobox shows the latest status before this currency was rendered obsolete.

A yen (A圓, A en) was a colloquial term used to refer to a form of military scrip used in post-war US-Occupied Japan, Korea, and Okinawa from September 7, 1945, to July 21, 1948. They are notable for being the first "Military Payment Certificates" (In Korea) given after World War II had ended.[1]

History

Both "A" and "B yen" scrip in denominations from 10 sen to 100 yen were printed in 1945. These were to be used immediately upon the invasion of Okinawa, April 1, 1945.[1][2] "A yen" scrip along with their "B yen" counterparts were initially presented in "SPECIMEN" booklets to help US Forces personnel identify the new invasion currency to be used.[2]

In general, "A yen" scrip was printed using the block number "A-A" with exceptions. The block number "H-A" was used for specimen examples that found their way into circulation and for replacement notes.[2] When the "A-yen" scrip was released in Japan, Korea, and the Ryukyu Islands from July 19, to September 30, 1946 it was restricted to military use only.[3]

The United States military used these as payment certificates, while the civilian population used "B Yen" scrip as currency.[3] "A yen" scrip was used as general currency in Korea from September 7, 1945, to July 10, 1946.[2] "A yen" scrip was eventually deprecated in all three regions on July 21, 1948, in favor of a one currency "B yen" scrip system.[3]

Production

All "A yen" series notes are considered scarcer than the "B yen" series, despite the former having millions more printed. Each note was printed under the A-A block expect for replacement notes which used block H-A.[2]

Denomination Amount printed Ink color
01 10 sen 93,456,000 Purple
02 50 sen 76,668,000 Blue
03 1 yen 66,176,000 Green
04 5 yen 29,840,000 Blue
05 10 yen 51,880,000 Green
06 20 yen 4,506,000 Purple
07 100 yen 9,140,000 Blue

Collecting

Every denomination of the Japanese "A-yen" series is considered to be "scarce" due to their lower survivability rate.[4] This was partly caused by the limited time the notes were allowed to circulate as civilian currency, and the limited time given to redeem them. The smaller denomination bills were more likely to have been kept as they were issued in greater numbers and had a lower value. High denomination bills of "20" and "100 yen" are rare as only a few of these notes were intentionally kept by civilians from redemption.[5][6]

Unredeemed notes were invalidated for civilian use afterwards which essentially made them worthless to those keeping them. The other factor in their lower survivability rate comes from printing quantities which are much smaller than their "B" series counterparts.[2]

The booklets of specimen currency that were used to instruct US Forces personnel identify the new invasion currency are also still extant.[1] Each of these booklets originally contained a note from the 7 different denominations with replacement H-A serial numbers and "SPECIMEN" roulette cancels.[1] A complete example with all 7 denominations in "Choice Crisp Uncirculated" condition sold for $1,300 (USD) at auction on June 26, 2019.[7] Specimen notes that were removed from booklets and found their way into circulation are worth significantly more than their A-A block counterparts.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Japan Allied Military Currency Supplemental A Specimen Book". Heritage Auctions. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e f George C. Baxley. ""B" and "A" Yen B&A型軍票 - B and A - Gata Gunpyō US Military Currency". www.baxleystamps.com. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  3. ^ a b c Kadekawa, Manabu. Okinawa Champloo Encyclopedia (沖縄チャンプルー事典). Tokyo: Yama-Kei Publishers, 2001. p 176.
  4. ^ The Numismatic Scrapbook Magazine. Vol. 23. Hewitt Brothers. 1957. p. 2376.
  5. ^ C. Frederick Schwan (1995). World War II Remembered: History in Your Hands, a Numismatic Study. BNR Press. ISBN 9780931960406.
  6. ^ "Japan Allied Military Currency 100 Yen Series 100 Supplemental A Yen (1946)". Heritage Auctions. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
  7. ^ "Auction 4013 - Japan Allied Military Currency Supplemental A Specimen Book Choice Crisp Uncirculated". Biddr. Retrieved October 10, 2022.
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