1937 in aviation

Years in aviation: 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940
Centuries: 19th century · 20th century · 21st century
Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s
Years: 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940

This is a list of aviation-related events from 1937:

Events

January

February

  • Manchukuo officially establishes the Manchukuo Imperial Air Force. In fact, it had existed unofficially since 1932.
  • Hans von Ohain begins ground-testing a turbojet engine.
  • February 3 – In the Spanish Civil War, a Nationalist (rebel) attack on Málaga begins, supported by an Italian "legionary" air force of about 100 aircraft.[4]
  • February 18 – Nationalist ace Joaquín García Morato plays a major role in an air-to-air engagement in which a Nationalist force of Fiat CR.32 fighters defeats a Republican (loyalist) one of Polikarpov I-15s, shooting down eight I-15s. The battle gives the Nationalists temporary air superiority during the Battle of Jarama and demonstrates that the CR.32s could defeat the I-15s – which previously had dominated the CR.32s over Spain – if handled courageously and imaginatively.[5]
  • February 19 – Flying in heavy rain, the Airlines of Australia Stinson Model A City of Brisbane (registration VH-UHH) crashes in the McPherson Range in Australia′s Lamington National Park. Both pilots and two of the five passengers die in the crash, and another passenger dies in a fall over a waterfall after he goes for help. The Australian author Bernard O'Reilly becomes a national hero in Australia when he hikes into the wilderness on February 28 to look for the plane and discovers the airliner's wreckage and the two surviving passengers on March 1.
  • February 22–26 – The "International Circuit of the Oases" event at Almaza Airport in Egypt. 41 competitors take part in two races – a 1303-mile (2097 km) handicap race, and a speed race. Competing aircraft arrived from Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Poland, Romania.[6]

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

  • Flying a Breda Ba.88 Lince, Breda chief test pilot Furio Niclot sets two speed-over-distance world records, averaging 554 km/h (344.24 mph) over a 100-km (62.1-mile) distance and 524 km/h (325.6 mph) over a 1000-km (621-mile) circuit.[15]
  • Major air battles take place between Imperial Japanese Navy and Nationalist Chinese aircraft over Nanchang on December 9 and December 22, during which the Japanese claim the destruction of 29 Chinese aircraft in the air and 25 on the ground.[54]
  • December 9 – During combat over Nanchang, an Imperial Japanese Navy Mitsubishi A5M ("Claude") fighter loses a third of its right wing when it is rammed by a Nationalist Chinese Curtiss Hawk, but flies 200 miles (320 km) back to base without further mishap.[53]
  • December 12 – The Panay Incident occurs, when Imperial Japanese Navy Yokosuka B4Y (Allied reporting name "Jean") bombers and Nakajima A4N fighters sink the U.S. Navy gunboat USS Panay (PR-5) and three nearby Standard Oil tankers on the Yangtze River near Nanking.
  • December 15 – A Spanish Republican offensive in the area of Teruel, Spain, begins. The ensuing Battle of Teruel will last until February 22, 1938, and involve 120 fighters, 80 bombers, and 100 other aircraft on the Republican side and 150 fighters, 100 bombers, and 110 other aircraft on the Nationalist side.[63]
  • December 29 – A Spanish Nationalist counteroffensive against Republican forces during the Battle of Teruel begins with the support of German aircraft of the Condor Legion. The Condor Legion has had to redeploy in order to support the counteroffensive, and its personnel are becoming weary of the constant changes of front required by Nationalist military operations.[64]
  • December 29 – Three out of the four aircraft flying in the Pan American Flight for the Columbus Lighthouse crash near Cali, Colombia on their way to Panama. The Pan American flight has reached San Juan PR, Caracas VE, Port of Spain TT, Paramaribo SR, Belém, Fortaleza, Natal, Recife, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro BR, Montevideo UY, Buenos Aires AR, Santiago CL, La Paz BO, Lima PE, and Bogota CO.[65]
  • December 30 – The French Latécoère 521 flying boat Lieutenant de Vaisseau Paris sets a world record by carrying a payload of 18,000 kg (39,682 pounds) to 2,000 meters (6,562 feet) over Biscarosse, France.

First flights

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

December

Entered service

January

February

March

April

May

June

August

October

November

December

Retirements

May

August

References

  1. ^ Hardesty, Von, Red Phoenix: The Rise of Soviet Air Power 1941-1945, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1982, ISBN 978-0-87474-510-8, p. 49.
  2. ^ Scheina, Robert L., Latin America: A Naval History 1810-1987, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1987, ISBN 978-0-87021-295-6, p. 201.
  3. ^ Francillon, René J., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1979, ISBN 978-0-87021-313-7, p. 21.
  4. ^ Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986, ISBN 978-0-671-75876-9, pp. 583, 585.
  5. ^ Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986, ISBN 978-0-671-75876-9, p. 594.
  6. ^ Johan Visschedijk, "Avro 641 Commodore"
  7. ^ Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986, ISBN 978-0-671-75876-9, pp. 596-597.
  8. ^ Aviation Hawaii: 1930-1939 Chronology of Aviation in Hawaii
  9. ^ Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986, ISBN 978-0-671-75876-9, p. 612.
  10. ^ Aviation Safety Network: Accident Description
  11. ^ a b TWA History Timeline Archived 2015-04-10 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ Aviation Safety Network ASN Wikibase Occurrence # 28517
  13. ^ Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986, ISBN 978-0-671-75876-9, pp. 614, 616-617.
  14. ^ Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986, ISBN 978-0-671-75876-9, p. 617.
  15. ^ a b Donald, David, ed., The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997, ISBN 0-7607-0592-5, p. 184.
  16. ^ Geoghegan, John J., "Vanished!", Aviation History, November 2013, p. 30.
  17. ^ Francillon, René J., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1979, ISBN 978-0-87021-313-7, p. 151.
  18. ^ Matthews, Birch, Race With The Wind: How Air Racing Advanced Aviation, St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks, 2001, ISBN 978-0-7603-0729-8, p. 98.]
  19. ^ aircargo.com "Time Flies at 70"
  20. ^ Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986, ISBN 978-0-671-75876-9, p. 623.
  21. ^ Crosby, Francis, The Complete Guide to Fighters & Bombers of the World: An Illustrated History of the World's Greatest Military Aircraft, From the Pioneering Days of Air Fighting in World War I Through the Jet Fighters and Stealth Bombers of the Present Day, London: Anness Publishing Ltd., 2006, ISBN 978-1-84476-917-9, p. 269.
  22. ^ Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986, ISBN 978-0-671-75876-9, pp. 624-625, 627.
  23. ^ Thomas, Hugh, The Spanish Civil War, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1986, ISBN 978-0-671-75876-9, p. 678.
  24. ^ Donald, Davidd, ed., The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997, ISBN 0-7607-0592-5, p. 198.
  25. ^ Bedwell, Don, "Beating the Odds," Aviation History, March 2016, p. 47.
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