ʿAyn Qasiyya

ʿAyn Qasiyya is an Early Epipalaeolithic archaeological site in the Azraq Oasis, Jordan; the remains of a lakeside camp used by hunter-gatherers around 20,000 years ago.^[1] Located near the aquifer-fed spring, at the time the site was occupied it was surrounded by a substantial wetland,^[2] attracting a wide range of animals which were hunted by the inhabitants.^[1] The stone tools found at the site are associated with both the Kebaran and Nebekian cultures, suggesting that it was visited by people from different cultural groups.^[1]^[3] Human burials have also been found at the site, which is rare for this period.^[4]

References

^ a b c Richter, Tobias; Allcock, Samantha; Jones, Michel; Maher, Lisa; Martin, Louise; Stock, Jay; Thorne, Brittany (2009). "New Light on Final Pleistocene Settlement Diversity in the Azraq Basin (Jordan): Recent Excavations at 'Ayn Qasiyya". Paléorient. 35 (2): 49–68. doi:10.3406/paleo.2009.5298.
^ Jones, Matthew D.; Richter, Tobias (2011). "Paleoclimatic and archeological implications of Pleistocene and Holocene environments in Azraq, Jordan". Quaternary Research. 76 (3): 363–372. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2011.07.005. ISSN 0033-5894. S2CID 128408666.
^ Richter, Tobias (2011). "Nebekian, Qalkhan and Kebaran: variability, classification and interaction. New insights from the Azraq Oasis". In Healey, Elizabeth; Campbell, Stuart; Maeda, Osamu (eds.). The State of the Stone: Terminologies, Continuities and Contexts in Near Eastern Lithics. Berlin: ex oriente. pp. 33–49.
^ Richter, T.; Stock, Jay T.; Maher, L.; Hebron, C. (2010). "An Early Epipalaeolithic sitting burial from the Azraq Oasis, Jordan". Antiquity. 84 (324): 321–334. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00066606. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 131505787.

[Richter_et_al._2009-1] Richter, Tobias; Allcock, Samantha; Jones, Michel; Maher, Lisa; Martin, Louise; Stock, Jay; Thorne, Brittany (2009). "New Light on Final Pleistocene Settlement Diversity in the Azraq Basin (Jordan): Recent Excavations at 'Ayn Qasiyya". Paléorient. 35 (2): 49–68. doi:10.3406/paleo.2009.5298.

[2] Jones, Matthew D.; Richter, Tobias (2011). "Paleoclimatic and archeological implications of Pleistocene and Holocene environments in Azraq, Jordan". Quaternary Research. 76 (3): 363–372. doi:10.1016/j.yqres.2011.07.005. ISSN 0033-5894. S2CID 128408666.

[3] Richter, Tobias (2011). "Nebekian, Qalkhan and Kebaran: variability, classification and interaction. New insights from the Azraq Oasis". In Healey, Elizabeth; Campbell, Stuart; Maeda, Osamu (eds.). The State of the Stone: Terminologies, Continuities and Contexts in Near Eastern Lithics. Berlin: ex oriente. pp. 33–49.

[4] Richter, T.; Stock, Jay T.; Maher, L.; Hebron, C. (2010). "An Early Epipalaeolithic sitting burial from the Azraq Oasis, Jordan". Antiquity. 84 (324): 321–334. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00066606. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 131505787.