Şehzade Ömer Hilmi

Şehzade Ömer Hilmi
Born2 March 1886
Dolmabahçe Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire
(present day Istanbul, Turkey)
Died6 April 1935(1935-04-06) (aged 49)
Alexandria, Egypt
Burial
Khedive Tewfik Pasha Mausoleum, Cairo
Spouse
  • Faika Hanım
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1907; div. 1907)​
    Nesimter Hanım
    ​
    ​
    (div. 1915)​
    Hatice Firdevs Gülnev Hanım
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1910; died 1919)​
    Başter Hanım[1]
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1914)​
    Mediha Hanım
    ​
    (m. 1921)​
Issue
DynastyOttoman
FatherMehmed V
MotherMihrengiz Kadın
ReligionSunni Islam
Military career
Allegiance Ottoman Empire
Service/branch Ottoman Army
Years of service1916–1922 (active service)
RankSee list

Şehzade Ömer Hilmi Efendi (Ottoman Turkish: شہزادہ عمر حلمى; 2 March 1886 – 6 April 1935)[2] was an Ottoman prince, the third son of Sultan Mehmed V, and his consort Mihrengiz Kadın.[3] His great-granddaughter, Ayşe Gülnev Osmanoğlu, is currently an author of historical novels on the history of the Ottoman dynasty.

Early years

Şehzade Ömer Hilmi was born in the apartment of the crown prince, Dolmabahçe Palace, Istanbul,[4] on 2 March 1886. His father was Mehmed V, son of Abdulmejid I and Gülcemal Kadın,[4] and his mother was Mihrengiz Kadın.[5][6]

Between 1911 and 1912, Ömer Hilmi attended the Imperial War College with his eldest brother Şehzade Mehmed Ziyaeddin. In 1916, during the First World War he served as the honorary colonel of the infantry in the imperial army.[7][8]

On 2 September 1909, Ömer Hilmi travelled to Bursa with his father, Sultan Reşad, and brothers, Şehzade Ziyaeddin and Şehzade Mahmud Necmeddin.[9] On 13 June 1910, he and his brothers received Şehzade Yusuf Izzeddin at the Sirkeci railway station, when he came from his first visit to Europe.[10] Between 5 and 26 June 1911, he travelled to Rumelia with his father and brothers.[11][12]

On 15 October 1917, he met with the German emperor Wilhelm II, when the latter visited Istanbul in 1917.[13] On 9 May 1918, he also met with the Emperor Charles I of Austria, when the latter visited Istanbul in 1918,[14] with his wife Empress Zita of Bourbon-Parma.[15]

He was known to openly support the nationalists, and was against his father's policies.[16]

Personal life

Ömer hilmi's first wife was Faika Hanım. She was the daughter of Mehmed Bey and wife Ayşe Hanım. She belonged to an influential noble clan, the Hunç, who were founding members of the village, and for this reason, the village was also known as Hunca Hable. She had two elder sisters, Naciye Hanım, and Hayriye Melek Hanım, who is considered Turkey's first female author of Circassian origin.[17][18] She was of medium height, slim woman with blonde hair, blue eyes, and a cute face.[19] She was the most beautiful among her sisters.[20] The two married on 10 November 1907.[21] Faika could not get along with Ömer Hilmi,[20] and he divorced her two times but united again. However, then hülle (interim marriage necessary before a divorced can remarry) was required since he divorced her three times. She did not accept hülle because there were not any men in palace, and so she was dismissed from the palace of Prince Reşad.[22] After her divorce on 20 December 1907,[21][23] she got her pay check regularly, but later she could not out of fear of being informed on.[20] She and her sisters were banished to Bursa by Sultan Abdul Hamid II, where they lived until the proclamation of the Second Constitutional Era in 1908. They left Bursa right after the declaration of the constitution.[24]

His second wife was Nesimter Hanım. The two divorced in January 1915.[1] His third wife was Hatice Firdevs Gülnev Hanım. She was born on 21 February 1890.[25] Her father was a Turkish officer from Ayvalık,[26] and her mother was Ayşe Hanım.[27][28] They married on 3 October 1910. She gave birth to two children, Emine Mukbile Sultan, born in 1911, followed by Şehzade Mahmud Namık, born in 1913. She died on 31 December 1919, aged twenty nine.[25] His fourth wife was Başter Hanım married on 16 June 1914 and his fifth wife was Mediha Hanım married on 12 July 1921.[1]

Ömer Hilmi had been allocated apartments in the Dolmabahçe Palace.[29] In 1910,[30] he came into possession of the villa in Bağlarbaşı[29] built by the Egyptian Khedive Isma'il Pasha in the hills above Üsküdar, Istanbul on the Asian side of the Bosphorus.[30] He also owned another villa in Nişantaşı.[29]

He was described as attractive and vigorous man, and the one who shied away from conversation.[31]

Exile and death

At the exile of the imperial family in March 1924, Ömer Hilmi,[5] his mother,[32] and his two children, settled firstly in Beirut, Lebanon, then in Nice, France,[33] and finally settling in Alexandria, Egypt. He died at Alexandria on 6 April 1935, aged forty nine, and was buried there. His remains were later interred in the mausoleum of Khedive Tewfik Pasha in Cairo, Egypt.[5] His mother outlived him by three years, dying in 1938.[34]

Honours

Military appointments

Honorary military ranks and army appointments
  • 1916: Colonel of the Infantry, Ottoman Army
  • Aide-de-Camp to the Sultan

Issue

Name Birth Death Notes
By Gülnev Hanım (married October 1910; 21 February 1890 – 31 December 1919)
Emine Mukbile Sultan 17 September 1911 21 May 1995 born in Dolmabahçe Palace; married Ali Vâsib and had issue, an only son; buried in tomb of Sultan Mehmed V
Şehzade Mahmud Namık 23 December 1913 13 November 1963 born in Dolmabahçe Palace; married and had issue, a son; died at Cairo, Egypt, and buried in tomb of Khedive Tewfik, Cairo, later transferred to tomb of Sultan Mahmud II in 1987

Ancestry

References

  1. ^ a b c Kırpık, Cevdet (2011). Şehzade Evliliklerinde Değişim. OTAM. pp. 184, 187.
  2. ^ Almanach de Gotha (184th ed.). Almanach de Gotha. 2000. pp. 365, 912–915.
  3. ^ Ali Vâsib, Bir Şehzadenin Hâtırâtı: Vatan ve Menfâda Gördüklerim ve İşittiklerim, Yapı Kredi Kültür Yayınları, 2004, ISBN 978-975-08-0878-4, p. 205
  4. ^ a b Adra, Jamil (2005). Genealogy of the Imperial Ottoman Family 2005. p. 33.
  5. ^ a b c Brookes 2010, p. 287.
  6. ^ Gün 2018, p. 141.
  7. ^ Gün 2018, pp. 141–142.
  8. ^ Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd, Burke's Royal Families of the World, Africa & the Middle East, Burke's Peerage, 1980, p. 247.
  9. ^ Alp 2018, p. 125.
  10. ^ Alp 2018, p. 229.
  11. ^ Gün 2018, p. 144.
  12. ^ Alp 2018, p. 130.
  13. ^ Alp 2018, pp. 131–132.
  14. ^ Gün 2018, pp. 154–155.
  15. ^ Açba, Leyla (2004). Bir Çerkes prensesinin harem hatıraları. L & M. p. 58. ISBN 978-9-756-49131-7.
  16. ^ Shaw, Stanford Jay (2000). From empire to republic: the Turkish war of national liberation, 1918-1923 : a documentary study. Turkish Historical Society. p. 1382. ISBN 978-9-751-61228-1.
  17. ^ Atlı, Cemile (2019). Circassian Nationalism in the Writings of Hayriye Melek Hunç (Postgraguate Thesis). Sabancı University. pp. 35–36.
  18. ^ Çare 2018, p. 4.
  19. ^ Arslan 2008, p. 179.
  20. ^ a b c Arslan 2008, p. 174.
  21. ^ a b Çare 2018, p. 6.
  22. ^ Arslan 2008, p. 172.
  23. ^ Arslan 2008, p. 173.
  24. ^ Arslan 2008, p. 181.
  25. ^ a b Brookes 2010, p. 282.
  26. ^ Ekinci, Ekrem Buğra (3 May 2021). "Saraydan Zindana: Şehzade Nâmuk Efendi". Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  27. ^ "Son Osmanlı". Milliyet (in Turkish). 7 August 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
  28. ^ "İşte son Osmanlı". Haber7 (in Turkish). 7 August 2015. Retrieved 25 January 2022.
  29. ^ a b c Ekim, Zeynep Emel (2018). Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad ve Dönemi – Cilt 3: Sultan Mehmed Reşad'ın Oğlu Necmeddin Efendi'nın Kuruçeşme'deki Yalısı. TBMM Milli Saraylar. p. 1248. ISBN 978-9-752-46418-6.
  30. ^ a b Brookes 2010, p. 208.
  31. ^ Brookes, Douglas S. (4 February 2020). On the Sultan's Service: Halid Ziya Uşaklıgil's Memoir of the Ottoman Palace, 1909–1912. Indiana University Press. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-253-04553-9.
  32. ^ Brookes 2010, p. 284.
  33. ^ Vâsıb, Ali; Osmanoğlu, Osman Selaheddin (2004). Bir şehzadenin hâtırâtı: vatan ve menfâda gördüklerim ve işittiklerim. YKY. pp. 204, 210, 224. ISBN 978-9-750-80878-4.
  34. ^ Brookes 2010, pp. 284, 287.
  35. ^ a b c d Yılmaz Öztuna (1978). Başlangıcından zamanımıza kadar büyük Türkiye tarihi: Türkiye'nin siyasî, medenî, kültür, teşkilât ve san'at tarihi. Ötüken Yayınevi. p. 164.
  36. ^ a b c Salnâme-i Devlet-i Âliyye-i Osmanîyye, 1333-1334 Sene-i Maliye, 68. Sene. Hilal Matbaası. 1918. pp. 66–67.

Sources

  • Alp, Ruhat (2018). Osmanlı Devleti'nde Veliahtlık Kurumu (1908–1922) (PhD Thesis) (in Turkish). Hacettepe University Institute of Social Sciences.
  • Brookes, Douglas Scott (2010). The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher: Voices from the Ottoman Harem. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-78335-5.
  • Gün, Fahrettin (2018). Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad ve dönemi. TBMM Milli Saraylar. ISBN 978-9-752-46418-6.
  • Arslan, Elmas Zeynep (Aksoy) (2008). Circassian Organizations in the Ottoman Empire (1908-1923) (PDF) (MA in History thesis). Boğaziçi University. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  • Çare, Mêral (Çizemuğ) (2018). Bir Çerkes Ubıh Yazar Kadın Portresi: Hayriye Melek Hunç. Retrieved 26 September 2023.

External links

  • "Ottoman Family". Official website of the immediate living descendants of the Ottoman Dynasty. Retrieved 14 February 2010.
  • "Genealogy of the Ottoman Family". Retrieved 19 August 2008.
  • Family Tree, descendants of Sultan Mahmud II. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  • Heirs of Europe, Turkey. Retrieved 2019-06-09.
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